CIEP - Contribuições em Revistas Científicas / Contribution to Journals
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- Nation, state, and economy: ’true science’ as a foundation for ideologyPublication . Moreira, Pedro GóisThomas Carlyle famously called economy the 'dismal science.' In fact, technocratic views are often used as foundations for the existence of wide worldviews or ideologies. This relationship can be observed in the early writings of Ludwig von Mises around the First World War. Although Mises was, at all times in his career, explaining and describing economic processes, his writings acquire a decisive political-narrative emphasis in Nation, State, and Economy (1919). As we will try to show, his attempts to ground political solutions in epistemology go far beyond economic scientific work. Can 'true science' serve as a foundation for an ideology? By analysing his political thought (1907-1919), it is argued that Mises shifted in this respect as a reaction against the First World War. Socialism, according to Mises, is based on ideological choices devoid of solid scientific foundations. However, we will argue that Mises is, in the end, conceptually mimicking the socialists he criticizes, notably in both ideologies' claim that they represent a 'true science.' Mises himself seemed more or less aware of this fact.
- O desencantamento do NatalPublication . Cruz, Manuel Braga daTendo como inspiração a famosa expressão de Max Weber sobre o "desencantamento do mundo", neste artigo refere -se a crescente secularização do Natal, o acontecimento, que dividiu a história do mundo e dos homens em antes e depois. Compara-se a actual festa laica com as celebrações tradicionais – a propósito das quais se referem autores como Leite Vasconcelos e Júlio Dinis - e conclui-se que o Natal se mercantilizou. Contudo, verificamos que, sendo dramática a situação em que vivemos, tanto mais necessitamos de ouvir o "rumor de anjos" e de celebrar a festividade religiosa do Natal.
- Análise do conceito de natureza humana em Burke e RousseauPublication . Moreira, IvoneQuando se trata de apreciar a relação entre Burke e Rousseau a posição mais comum é considerar, a partir do pensamento dos dois autores, que eles estão em polos opostos. Apesar das divergências, aquilo que alguns estudiosos, conhecedores quer de um quer de outro autor, afirmam é que a acepção que os interpreta como opostos se baseia numa apreciação superficial e que, se pusermos de parte o preconceito e as aparentes divergências, encontraremos mais pontos de contacto do que esperaríamos encontrar. Este artigo limitar-se-á à análise das diferenças entre os dois autores no que respeita à concepção da natureza do homem na sua relação com a sociedade.
- Guinea-Bissau: avoiding the reputation of being a failed statePublication . Gonçalves, Paulo; Leandro, Francisco JoséThis paper poses and answers the following research question: How may Guinea-Bissau overcome its permanent governance instability and avoid becoming a “failed state”? This question is particularly important, not only in the context of circumventing being exposed to the economic interests of external actors, but also, to understand the state domestic weaknesses. Guinea-Bissau is a partially archipelagic small state, with an interesting portfolio of natural resources, investment opportunities, and business prospects. The country has suffered decades of institutional instability and social fragility, resulting being rated as “failed-state”. Indeed, O’ Regan &Thompson (2013, p. 3) refer Guinea-Bissau as “(…) the first narco-state in Africa”. There are a number of perspectives to categorize a state as failed-state, but we are focused on the institutional approach and in a possible lack of state authority. As such, we assume that “states fail because they do not possess the political, economic and social capabilities to survive as states” (Hill, 2005; Gros, 1996, p. 456; Jackson, 2000, p. 296; Rotberg, 2004, p. 2; Zartman,1995, p. 5). Once the ideological cradle of colonial self-determination, Guinea-Bissau fought valiantly to gain independence (1963–1974), unilaterally proclaiming it on 24 September 1973 (Té, 2015, p. 30). Regrettably, after gaining recognition as a sovereign state, Guinea-Bissau has witnessed four effective coup d’états, 16 different attempts of coups d’état, one civil war, several parliamentary dissolutions, assassinations of politicians, interference of the militaries in executive functions and frequent change of political executives. Several reasons have contributed to this instability: (1) The interests of neighboring countries as well as an intense international influence; (2) The condition of being a post-colonial state, which is reflected in a number of factors such as poor literacy, health care and security (BTI, 2024); (3) The internal ethnic-religious clashes and the 1980 events, which lead qualified Cabo Verdean personnel to leave the country (Duarte Silva, 2006); (4) The meagre political control of the armed forces associated to a widespread corruption (BTI, 2024); (5) The short minded political culture within a semi-presidential system; (8) and the last but certainly not the least, the under-resourced and sloppy surveillance of borders (US Department of State, 2022, p. 5). All these factors jeopardized its economy, drained its resources, and exposed society to narco-trafficking. A struggle between the President Umaro Sissoco Embaló and the parliament regarding the amendment of the Constitution (among other issues), has further reignited political instability. Apart from the direct competition posed by Senegal, Guinea-Bissau has potential to become a reference economy in the region, and an entry door for the market of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) and the West African Monetary and Economic Union (WAEMU). However, hardly this will ever happen, without political stability and an urgent need of reform of the defense and security sectors. A transformation not only in its structures but, above all, in mentalities, based on the role of the military in a representative democracy-a semi-presidential political system. This research does not adopt any explicit theory (Creswell & Creswell, 2018, p. 64). Instead, it employs a descriptive-inductive qualitative methodology based on selected themes to evaluate how Guinea-Bissau can avoid becoming a failed state. The critical discussion of these themes, has been supplemented with interviews with Guinea-Bissau’s opinion leaders and representatives of its diaspora, as well as former Portuguese colonial agents. The authors wish to acknowledge that, to mitigate the insufficiency of official and academic qualitative data, we conducted a number of interviews and we used triangulated media sources. The relevant interview transcripts, were freely translated into English language. Finally, this research excludes the last two years (2022-2024) of current political leadership, under the President Embaló. During this period of time President Embaló dissolved the parliament twice, scheduled legislative elections for November 2024 and at the time we write, the presidential election has not been called yet. Therefore, the authors consider important the completion of this sequence of facts, to analyze his political action.
- Discurso do Magnífico Reitor da Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Prof. Doutor Manuel Braga da CruzPublication . Cruz, Manuel Braga da
- O al-muhajiroun e a sua rede: a ascensão de uma organização terrorista transnacionalPublication . Gonçalves, Francisco Jorge Albuquerque Pinto e Costa
- A metamorfose do Partido Comunista da ChinaPublication . Munir, Sádiya
- All you need is [somebody’s] love “third-party reproduction” and the existential density of biological affinityPublication . Madureira, Diogo Morais SarmentoWhat is the true significance of biological kinship? During the last decades, it seemed to be uncontroversial that abandoned and even adopted people feel the negative impact of biological parents’ absence throughout life in several ways (Miller et al. 2000; Keyes, Margaret A., Anu Sharma, Irene J Elkins, and William G. Iacono, Matt McGue. 2008. The Mental Health of US Adolescents Adopted in Infancy. Archive Pediatric Adolescense Medicine 162(5): 419–425.). However, in the case of people conceived via “third-party reproduction”, especially in sperm donation, the disruption of the kinship network derived from natural bonds tends to be presented as something irrelevant. This article disputes that assumption, explores its relationship with a deconstructivist vision that presents kinship as a purely social construct and defends the personal and existential value of a person’s biological bonds with her parents. While analysing the anthropological shift inherent to the way some political discourses present the nuclear family and heterologous biotechnology, it proposes renewed philosophical attention on the significance of filiation and human affinity. This article argues for the density of genealogical ties and defends that the consecration of an individual “right to a child”, namely (but not exclusively) through the normalised access to sperm banks, is incompatible with the rights of the child, since it deprives people from knowing not only who but also how is their father.
- Karl R. Popper: la sociedad abierta y sus enemigosPublication . Espada, JoãoThis article summarizes Popper’s political philosophy, pointing out the misinterpretations that have been made of that philosophy. After reviewing that fallibilism is the epistemological doctrine behind Popper’s political thought, some notions are explained such as open society, democracy as an institutional system, and piecemeal social engineering as a democratic method for social change. Main enemies of the open society are discussed: historicism, collectivism, ethical positivism and relativism. It is concluded that democracy does not exclude social hierarchy, if based in character and effort.
- Terrorismo na aviação civil: perspetivas para uma estratégia europeia de segurança aéreaPublication . Duque, RaquelOs ataques de 11 de setembro de 2001 impuseram um novo olhar sobre a ameaça terrorista contra a aviação civil e evidenciaram a vulnerabilidade da segurança aérea europeia pela inexistência de uma política comum nesse setor. A União Europeia desenvolveu, desde então, a prevenção do terrorismo e a proteção dos transportes (entendidos como infraestruturas críticas) através da ampliação do quadro normativo comunitário e da arquitetura institucional, securitizando assim o multifacetado setor da aviação civil. Este artigo pretende, numa primeira parte, analisar a evolução da segurança aérea enquadrando as ameaças, a dinâmica global e a arquitetura institucional europeia da aviação; e numa segunda parte, questionar, com base nos desafios para a segurança da aviação, da necessidade de uma Estratégia Europeia de Segurança Aérea.