CITAR - Contribuições em Revistas Científicas / Contribution to Journals
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- Victor Bandeira and the collections of the National Museum of Ethnology: notes from fieldworkPublication . Temudo, AnaDecolonisation has become a significant topic in contemporary museum and heritage studies. The research project “Representational Politics of Guinean Heritage in Portuguese Museums in the Transition from Colonial to Postcolonial Period: Histories, Transits and Discourses” discusses the meaning and value of the Guinea-Bissau heritage collected during the colonial era that is part of Portuguese museum collections. This essay focus on a documentary about Victor Bandeira (1931-), as part of the PhD research project. Bandeira is a collector that established an informal relationship with the National Museum of Ethnology (former Overseas Museum of Ethnology), in Lisbon, from the mid-1960s onwards, collecting a representative part of the museum’s nonEuropean collections. He remains a living witness to this museum’s beginning years and can be considered a vital component of the museum’s history. Bandeira has been an object of enquiry in previous studies. However, there was missing an audio-visual perspective or, as the anthropologist Sarah Pink describes – a visual and sensorial ethnographic approach. This short article explores, from fieldwork observations, the relationship between two interdependent biographies: Victor Bandeira and the National Museum of Ethnography, reflecting on the data gathered and the experience of interviewing Bandeira, contributing to review past collecting practices and the museum’s history.
- Current challenges for african cultural heritage: a case study of Guinea-BissauPublication . Temudo, AnaThe restitution of cultural heritage to countries of origin has occupied the recent international political agenda. This article analyses the different perspectives from which this question has been approached, in Portugal and abroad, namely in the legislative field governing heritage institutions, in the academic field and in the public sphere. This analysis aims to understand the current meanings attributed to African heritage in museums and other Western heritage institutions, as well as in the countries of origin. As a case study it presents the heritage reality of Guinea-Bissau and indicates different possibilities for a fair representation of today’s diasporic communities, aiming to contribute to an informed debate on the impact of the return and relocation of African heritage to their countries of origin on future representations of African culture and identity on a global scale.
- Estudo técnico da tela Efeitos de luz num armazém de Abel Salazar: um trabalho representativo da sua produção pictórica finalPublication . Brito, Ana; Calvo, Ana; Cruz, António JoãoThis article discusses some of the creative processes of Abel Salazar (1889 – 1946), based on documentary sources and reinforced by reconstructions of pictorial techniques of the author. It addresses the technical and material study of a large format painting on canvas, Efeitos de luz num armazém, such as the characteristics of support, ground, drawing and painting. For this study we used different examination and analysis methods, namely photography of visible light spectrum, UV and IR to the painting; observation by optical microscopy (OM) and analysis with Scanning Electron Microscopy with X-ray microanalysis (SEM-EDS) and micro Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (μ-FTIR) from samples taken from the piece. Analytical results are presented and complemented the identification of the technical procedures in order to determine the materials that constitute the canvas.
- Modelling an XRF method for determining gilding thickness in silver cultural heritage objects without sample collection: case studies on 16th century Portuguese silverwarePublication . Lopes Cordeiro, Catarina; Bottaini, Carlo; Bordalo, Rui; Sousa, Gonçalo Vasconcelos e; Pessanha, SofiaIn situ X-ray fluorescence is a non-invasive technique that is widely used in historical objects, namely in pieces of gilded silver, to determine the composition of the alloy and gilding. In the case of gilded silver, fire gilding was a mercury-based historical technique that is no longer practiced. Moreover, with traditional XRF analysis is possible to determine the thickness of the gilding by using given intensity ratios of the characteristic lines of silver. However, this requires the analysis of the substrate, for the calculation of the intensity ratio without gilding, which is not always accessible. This study presents and validates a methodology for the calculation of the thickness of fire gilding silver pieces using XRF analysis with a commercial spectrometer and without the need to analyse the isolated substrate. Six silver alloy mock-up samples were produced following historical techniques and generic intensity ratio for K? and K? lines of silver in the alloy was calculated (6.35 ± 0.05), to be used in any alloy with a silver composition over 75 %. Since attenuation of the silver's characteristic lines depends on the gilding composition, different Hg concentrations (5 %–20 %) were tested. The results obtained with this approach for the mock-ups was compared with SEM-EDS measurements for gauging uncertainty and the methodology was then applied to three pieces of 16th century Portuguese silverware. This adaptation of previously established principles, proved to be effective to calculate the thickness of fire gilding on silver and was validated to be applied, in situ, in real museum artworks without the need for sample collection.
- Disintermediation effects on independent approaches to music businessPublication . Bernardo, Francisco; Martins, Luís GustavoIn the aftermath of the digital revolution, business models are changing and disintermediation is impacting the music economy. In these circumstances, we observe the widespread claim that music artists are able to successfully reach the market on their own, leveraging access to networked global communications and the use of digital network media as a means of production. This paper argues such arguments feed on the ideals of independence in the context of an experimental and transitional stage that the music industry is currently undergoing, and that may be part of a recurrent cycle leading to the establishment of a new generation of intermediaries.
- ECR: Estudos de Conservação e Restauro (Portugal)Publication . Vieira, Eduarda Silva
- Towards a multimodal analysis of European piano schools of music performancePublication . Lourenço, Sofia; Martins, L. G.; Tits, M.; Wanderley, M.; Megre, R.This study aims to characterize representative performances by experienced pianists in order to determine main influential trends in performance, derived specifically from traditional piano practices referred to as National Piano Schools. The methodology of this exploratory study departs from a musicological empirical analysis in articulation with recent technological developments for metric methods. It allowed an analysis of gesture and musical semantics by applying a multimodal approach for capturing the pianist performance based on the extraction of features’ sets specifically targeted to each piano school. In this paper we describe the quantitative analysis approach based on motion capture.
- Webdatanet: innovation and quality in web-based data collectionPublication . COST Action IS1004; Teixeira, Luís Lopes
- The concept of “original” in conservation theory fake? The art of deception revisitedPublication . Carvalho, Salomé deThere are several blurry questions in contemporary Conservation Theory. Remarkable contributions from the past now seem insufficient and a stronger theoretical structure is required. Conservators and restorers rely blindly on concepts taken for granted; such is the example of “original” which is the basis of so many decisions and intervention methodologies. Do we really understand the meaning of “original” and why it is so important to our work? What consequences may derive from the misinterpretation of this concept? This paper proposes an approach to the term “original”, seeking answers in a historic analysis, revisiting a remarkable publication by the British Museum, Fake? The Art of Deception, a catalogue from a 1951 exhibition re-published in 1990. In opposition to “original”, we aim to analyze the relationship Man has had with fakes, forgeries and copies over time and how they can be helpful when defining “original”.
- Primórdios da pintura sobre tela em Portugal. Contributos para a sua conservação através de um estudo técnico e materialPublication . Maltieira, Rita; Calvo, Ana; Cunha, JoanaA pintura a têmpera sobre tela consolida?se na Idade Média assumindo diferentes características a norte e a sul. O frontal de altar de Nossa Senhora do Rosário é um desses escassos exemplares sobreviventes. A precaridade da sua camada pictórica alertou para o estudo deste tipo de obras cuja desvalorização leva a intervenções inadequadas que é urgente corrigir. Um trabalho multidisciplinar, uma análise multi?analítica e uma comparação com outra pintura nortearam o estudo. Foram utilizada(o)s Fotografia visível e invisível, MO, SEM?EDS e ?FTIR. A informação revelada contribui para a valorização e preservação destes raros testemunhos dos primórdios da pintura em Portugal.