CITAR - Contribuições em Revistas Científicas / Contribution to Journals
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- Síndrome de Burnout: estudo da sua manifestação através de relatos de exposição a stress laboral crónicoPublication . Bezerra, Sefisa Quixadá; Araújo, Francisca Clarice de; Silva, Levi; Carvalho, Carminda Manuel Nogueira de; Morgado, Elsa GabrielNos últimos anos, as doenças psicossomáticas têm se tornado cada vez mais frequentes nas diversas áreas profissionais, gerando crescente preocupação na sociedade. Dentre essas doenças, destaca-se a Síndrome de Burnout, que será o foco deste estudo. A Síndrome de Burnout pode ser definida como uma resposta ao estresse crônico experimentado por indivíduos cujas profissões exigem interação constante com outras pessoas, caracterizando-se como um esgotamento físico e emocional relacionado ao trabalho. Embora compartilhe semelhanças com outras condições psicossomáticas, a Síndrome de Burnout é exclusiva do contexto laboral, sendo tratada por meio da modificação do estilo de vida e das condições de trabalho, aliados ao suporte psicológico. Em casos mais graves, o tratamento pode exigir acompanhamento psiquiátrico e o uso de medicamentos. Este estudo qualitativo visa explorar as manifestações da Síndrome de Burnout, com o objetivo de contribuir para a compreensão de gestores e administradores sobre as necessidades de apoio dos colaboradores que enfrentam essa condição no ambiente de trabalho, além de fornecer subsídios para futuras pesquisas práticas sobre o tema. A partir dos relatos analisados, observou-se que as organizações, muitas vezes, não reconhecem as manifestações da Síndrome de Burnout, o que dificulta a assistência adequada aos funcionários afetados. Os trabalhadores mais propensos a desenvolver a síndrome são aqueles altamente motivados pelo compromisso organizacional, que se dedicam intensamente ao seu trabalho.
- Inteligência artificial e transformação social: impactos, desafios e oportunidadesPublication . Morgado, Elsa Gabriel; Leonido, Levi; Gouveia, Luís BorgesA Inteligência Artificial (IA) tem um impacto profundo e multifacetado na sociedade, impulsionando avanços económicos, sociais e tecnológicos. Verifica-se que a IA possui um elevado potencial para otimizar processos, transformar indústrias e melhorar a tomada de decisão em setores como saúde, educação e transportes. No entanto, a sua disseminação levanta desafios significativos, nomeadamente a substituição de postos de trabalho, o aumento das desigualdades sociais e questões éticas relacionadas com privacidade e viés algorítmico. Dada a complexidade destas implicações, torna-se essencial equilibrar a inovação tecnológica com a responsabilidade social, garantindo regulamentações que promovam equidade, transparência e segurança. A colaboração entre governos, setor privado e sociedade civil revela-se fundamental para maximizar os benefícios da IA, mitigando os seus riscos. Assim, com base numa matriz bibliográfica e numa análise crítica das evidências, conclui-se que a IA representa simultaneamente uma oportunidade de transformação e um desafio crítico, cuja gestão determinará o seu impacto no futuro da humanidade.
- Ensino, pesquisa e extensão: estudo de caso sobre a produção e aplicação do conhecimento no Sertão central cearensePublication . Carneiro, Stânia Nágila Vasconcelos; Gouveia, Luís Borges; Silva, Levi; Morgado, Elsa GabrielA Constituição Federal Brasileira estabelece que as universidades devem adotar o princípio da indissociabilidade entre ensino, pesquisa e extensão, o chamado Tripé Universitário, essencial para definir o papel dessas instituições na sociedade. Esse princípio busca ampliar o impacto do ensino superior, integrando teoria e prática com foco no aperfeiçoamento coletivo. Este projeto analisa a extensão universitária no curso de Direito de uma instituição no Ceará, através de um estudo qualitativo exploratório, utilizando observação, entrevistas estruturadas e diários de campo. Foram entrevistados dez participantes (n = 10), incluindo gestores, professores e alunos envolvidos em ações de extensão. Apesar de o fluxo de conhecimento ser comumente transferido da universidade para a sociedade, há necessidade de uma relação mais dialógica. Para os professores, a extensão oferece aprendizado prático, mas precisa incentivar uma colaboração crítica. A curricularização da extensão é uma mudança epistemológica, e a pesquisa destaca a integração entre pesquisa e extensão, exemplificada na pesquisa-ação.
- Neuromuscular control and musculoskeletal injuries in musicians: a critical reviewPublication . Cardoso, Mário; Leonido, Levi; Morgado, Elsa GabrielMusicians are highly vulnerable to musculoskeletal injuries due to the repetitive and sustained physical demands of playing instruments. While neuromuscular control is crucial in stabilising joints and muscles to prevent such injuries, its role in developing and preventing MSIs has received limited attention. In this review, we synthesise findings from studies examining the impact of neuromuscular control and training interventions on MSIs in musicians. Evidence suggests that proprioceptive training, motor control exercises, and dynamic stability drills can enhance joint stability and reduce injury risk, positively affecting performance outcomes. However, much of the existing research is limited by cross-sectional designs. Future studies should focus on longitudinal approaches to better understand the neurocognitive mechanisms underlying these benefits and explore the practical implications of integrating neuromuscular training into musicians’ routines for long-term physical health and career sustainability.
- Higher education: impact of substance use on self-esteem and well-beingPublication . Mendes, Liliana; Leonido, Levi; Soares, Bruna; Guimarães, Tânia; Romão, Cátia; Guerra, Mariana; Morgado, Elsa Maria GabrielThe consumption of psychoactive substances by university students is a subject that has been gaining more and more attention in the literature. However, there is still a lot of disagreement on this subject. This study aims to relate the impact of substance consumption habits (alcohol, tobacco and other psychoactive substances) with self-esteem and psychological well-being in university students, in order to gain a better understanding of this issue. This is a descriptive, cross-sectional, quantitative, correlational study with a quasi-experimental design. The sample consisted of 460 university students aged between 18 and 66 with internet access. Of these participants, 299 were female and 158 were male. The instruments used were a Sociodemographic Questionnaire, the Scale for the measurement of Manifestation of Psychological Well-being (EMMBEP) and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RAS). The results showed no statistically significant differences in terms of self-esteem and psychological well-being according to substance use. In addition, only the consumption of other psychoactive substances was significantly higher in male participants than in female participants. KEYWORDS: higher education; self-esteem; substance use; psychological well-being.
- Televisão em contexto português: a estória de uma históriaPublication . Sobral, Filomena AntunesInserida numa conjuntura de convergência dos média e de transformação tecnológica, a televisão generalista em Portugal procura adaptar-se à contemporaneidade numa perspectiva de desenvolvimento e modernização. Apesar de conviver com novos meios de difusão e diferentes formas de consumo, a televisão não perde a sua importância, tendo, no entanto, que ajustar-se a outros modelos de utilização. Procuramos neste artigo estabelecer um quadro histórico de evolução da televisão em Portugal, numa dupla abordagem de caracterização do sistema televisual vigente e de perspectivar o futuro que se adivinha.
- Colour discrimination in conservation students: the farnsworth-munsell 100-hue testPublication . Bailão, AnaThe matching colour in retouching depends on the ability of the observer to differentiate colour. This ability was measured on 28 volunteer conservation students of varying aged using a specific test of colour discrimination - the Farnsworth-Munsell 100-hue test. Fourteen of the subjects were aged between 18-28, six between 29-38, seven between 39-48, and one was over 49 years. The final results are: 50% of subjects showed a wide-ranging ability to differentiate colour: none of them was colour blind; 7% of the students, however, have low ability to discriminate hues but only one was aware of his deficiency. The author aims to reveal the importance of this test for the conservators, using it as a detector to select eligible subjects with high sensibility in colour discrimination, which is an essential predisposition to perform accurate colour matching in retouching.
- Multiphonics as a compositional element in writing for amplified guitar (1)Publication . Torres, Rita; Ferreira-Lopes, PauloOn the guitar, the technique of multiphonics consists of lightly touching the string at certain locations during or after its excitation (or both). It gives rise to (almost) harmonic complex tones whose spectrum facilitates the perception of multiple pitches. Scarcely researched up to now, few com- posers have used multiphonics in pieces for classical guitar, and those who have done so have not explored the amplification of the sounds. In order to supply composers with relevant information on classical guitar multiphonics, this technique is currently being researched by the authors. This paper addresses this topic, which has been long absent in scientific literature, for the purpose of presenting a formalized approach intended to give rise to reproducible sounds. These sounds are also believed to introduce novelty when amplified, making the technique particularly suitable in pieces for/with amplified guitar.
- Guitar multiphonics: notations for a formalized approachPublication . Torres, Rita; Ferreira-Lopes, PauloWhen the execution of multiphonics takes place between frets, it might not be easy to find orientation references for the visual situation of some touch locations, as some of the reviewed pieces in this paper attest. Due to this situation it might be difficult to achieve the reproducibility of the sounds being this the criterion behind the authors' formalized approach to the technique. The suggested notations for this approach's touch locations pursue to suit all tastes. If a specific color is to be achieved, or if, at a certain location, the technique of harmonics is also possible, other descriptors need to be notated. Given that the technique of mutliphonics is not common vocabulary for the guitar, an explanation should always be included in the score, regardless of the chosen approach.
- Towards overcoming the guitar's color research gapPublication . Torres, Rita; Ferreira-Lopes, PauloMost (classical) guitar music comes from guitarist-composers. Yet according to guitarists who collaborate with composers, color research on this instrument is better achieved by those who do not play the instrument. Thus the guitar lags behind many instruments in regard to color research. Various reasons can be faulted for the tendency of non-guitarist composers to avoid the instrument. Examples of such reasons may be: the difficulty to write for the instrument, and its weak projection and lack of sustain, all of which are intrinsic to the guitar. This is, however, not the case of the paradigmatic sound for which the instrument is also dismissed, which is rather the legacy of the conservative guitarist Andrés Segovia, who was one of the main promoters of the guitar in the twentieth century. When composers dismiss the guitar for being difficult to write for, collaboration with guitarists has proven fruitful. Given that Segovia's conservatism still prevails among many guitarists, if the sonorous possibilities of the instrument are to be expanded, it is essential that the guitarist is adventurous and has a good arsenal of techniques. New color-research results could entice composers dismissing the guitar for its limitations or its paradigmatic sound to reconsider composing for the instrument. The amplification of sounds with low intensity can be a useful tool to obtain new colors. However, sounds arising from conventional instruments require some caution. It is important to introduce novelty in order to avoid connotation with their respective non-amplified instrument. The technique of multiphonics, which produces sounds of unusual colors, is believed to be a suitable tool when the guitar is amplified with close microphone placement. Through making audible the sounds' components of a lower intensity, this situation would reveal to the audience colors otherwise only heard by the guitarist.