CPBS - Contribuições em Revistas Científicas / Contribution to Journals
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- Adolescência e jovem adultícia: crescimento pessoal, separação-individuação e o jogo das relaçõesPublication . Rocha, MagdaO presente artigo procura problematizar a importância das dinâmicas relacionais no crescimento pessoal. Tendo como ponto de partida a teoria da apego, o desenvolvimento pessoal é pautado por processos de separação-individuação; são estes os processos que permitem a construção de um sentido de autonomia. Recentemente o conceito de “adultos emergentes” tem vindo a ganhar destaque, gerindo a discussão em torno dos factores internos e externos que eventualmente potenciam a entrada na adultícia. Pais, irmãos e pares assumem relevância neste processo, o que implica posteriormente um alargamento da rede social ao contexto de trabalho e às relações amorosas. As implicações desta transição serão discutidas à luz do processo de separação-individuação e dos factores moderadores do crescimento pessoal.
- Advanced services and differentiation advantage: an empirical investigationPublication . Sousa, Rui; Silveira, Giovani J.C. daPurpose – This study theoretically articulates and empirically validates a model of relationships between market complexity (competition intensity, heterogeneity and technological change), strategic focus on product and service differentiation, ADS offerings and differentiation advantage. Design/methodology/approach – The authors develop and test hypotheses through structural equation modeling based on data from the Sixth International Manufacturing Strategy Survey (IMSS-VI), involving 931 manufacturers from 22 countries. Findings – The results indicate that (1) market complexity has a positive impact on strategic focus on product and service differentiation; (2) focus on product and service differentiation, but not market complexity, has a positive impact on the extent to which business units offer ADS to their customers; (3) ADS have a positive impact on service differentiation advantage, but no influence on product differentiation advantage. Practical implications – Managers should incorporate decisions related to ADS provision as part of their manufacturing strategy formulation processes to align markets, strategic focus on product and service differentiation, and ADS provision. ADS seem an appropriate lever for market differentiation, because they appear not only to support service differentiation advantage, but also to be consistent with strategic focus on product differentiation. Originality/value – The study provides novel insights and large-scale empirical evidence on the influence of the market environment on the offering of ADS, as well as on how relationships between the product and service activity in the manufacturing organization may affect differentiation advantage.
- O alargamento da UE e a indústria dos moldesPublication . Sopas, Leonor
- An evolutionary approach to emergence and social causationPublication . Martins, NunoRom Harré criticizes critical realism for ascribing causal powers to social structures, arguing that it is human individuals, and not social structures, that possess causal powers, and that a false conception of structural causation undermines the emancipatory potential of critical realism. I argue that an interpretation of the category of process as the spatio-temporalization of the category of structure, which underpins much evolutionary theory, provides the conceptual tools to explain how the critical realist transformational model of social activity can escape from Harré's criticism, leading to a general conception of social development within which various types of evolutionary processes can be identified as particular cases. I then argue that Tony Lawson's PVRS model provides an evolutionary perspective that enables the conceptualization of coercive power as selective pressure.
- An improvement on the Tracy and Chen model 'A generalized model for weight restrictions in DEA'Publication . Khalili, M.; Camanho, A. S.; Portela, M. C. A. S.; Alirezaee, M. R.Recently Tracy and Chen presented a parametric DEA model (PDEA) to assess relative efficiency in the presence of a generalized form of linear weight restrictions. This paper proposes a modification to the PDEA model that avoids the need to resort to searching algorithms to estimate efficiency, and assures that the correct efficiency scores are obtained in a single stage using mathematical programming solvers. The results of this model and the results of Tracy and Chen's PDEA model are compared using the examples reported in their paper. The results confirm the superiority of the model proposed in this paper.
- Análise do valor acrescentado de escolas portuguesasPublication . Portela, Maria; Camanho, A. S.; Azevedo, JoaquimEste artigo compara dois métodos de cálculo do valor acrescentado numa amostra de escolas Portuguesas. Um dos métodos é o Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) e o outro é o método actualmente usado pelo Department for Education and Skills (DfES) no Reino Unido. Os resultados obtidos mostram diferenças substanciais entre os métodos, o que reflecte ênfases distintas: o DEA analisa os melhores desempenhos dos alunos, enquanto o método do DfES analisa os desempenhos médios dos alunos. A maior vantagem do método usado pelo DfES é a sua simplicidade, embora confunda os efeitos devidos aos alunos com os efeitos atribuíveis às práticas da scola. No DEA, os efeitos devidos à escola e aos alunos são considerados separadamente, o que permite perceber melhor as razões das diferenças entre escolas. A informação retirada de ambos os métodos deve ser entendida como complementar, o que significa que o uso conjunto destes métodos permite uma melhor avaliação do desempenho das escolas.
- Analysis of complementary methodologies for the estimation of school value addedPublication . Portela, M. C. A. S.; Camanho, A. S.This paper analyses the value added (VA) of a sample of Portuguese schools using two methodologies: data envelopment analysis (DEA) and the methodology used presently by the UK Department for Children, Schools and Families (DCSF). The VA estimates obtained by the two methods are substantially different. This reflects their different focus: DEA emphasizes on best-observed performance, whereas the DCSF method reveals average performance. The main advantage of the methodology used by the DCSF is its simplicity, although it confounds pupil effects with school effects in the estimation of school VA. In contrast, the DEA methodology can differentiate these effects, but the complexity may prevent its use in a systematic way. This paper shows that the two methods provide complementary information regarding the VA of schools, and their joint use can improve the understanding of the relative effectiveness of schools regarding the progress that pupils make between educational stages.
- Aprendizagem da geometria em b-learning no ensino básicoPublication . Carvalho, Maria José de Oliveira Rodrigues; Andrade, António Manuel Valente deEste artigo tem por base uma investigação sobre a implementação de ambientes de ensino e aprendizagem mais ricos, criadores de contextos mais estimulantes e mais desafiantes, que permitam aos alunos desenvolver a sua capacidade para explorar, conjeturar, raciocinar e relacionar logicamente. A Geometria é um tema que potencia o desenvolvimento de tais capacidades, sendo os Ambientes de Geometria Dinâmica, como o Compass and Ruler, vistos como poderosos instrumentos de ensino deste tema. Neste estudo, pretendeu-se eleger as potencialidades deste software, entendido como mediador no processo de ensino/aprendizagem da Geometria, no que respeita quer ao desempenho matemático, quer às atitudes dos alunos. O objetivo base desta investigação consistiu em averiguar a eficiência de um Ambiente de Aprendizagem on line para o Ensino Básico, utilizando uma metodologia blended learning, ancorado no site “carmate” (http://carmate.weebly.com), cuja construção se centrou nas teorias de aprendizagem construtivistas, numa perspetiva colaborativa visando o desenvolvimento da autonomia. O recurso ao software e ao site “carmate” na resolução das tarefas de investigação/exploração, permitiu aos alunos participarem mais ativamente no seu processo de aprendizagem, enquanto construtores do seu próprio conhecimento. Eles tomaram decisões, conduziram investigações, fizeram descobertas, trabalharam cooperativamente e interagiram entre si. Ao trabalharem com o computador, tornaramse mais ativos e enriqueceram a sua aprendizagem, melhorando os seus resultados e a sua predisposição para a Matemática.
- Aristotle and Ricœur on practical reasonPublication . Marcelo, GonçaloThis paper analyzes the Aristotelian notion of phronesis, such as it appears in Book VI of the Nicomachean Ethics, detailing what sort of model to grasp practical reason it entails: a practical wisdom. Setting it against the backdrop of a reflection on the prevalent uses and meanings of reason today, and the consequences these views have for a depiction of selfhood and human action, the paper shows how, amid the contemporary revival of Aristotelian practical philosophy, Paul Ricoeur updates this phronetic model in Oneself as Another. The paper discusses the implications of such a thick account of selfhood and human action, such as it being a potential key to overcome some difficulties caused by Kantian moral philosophy, while it also calls, with and beyond Ricoeur, for a refinement of the phronetic model by taking into account not only its thick intersubjective grounding but also the limits to rationality and the need to take the plurality of life forms that can count as being examples of a ‘life worth living’ (a good life).
- Assessing child well-being through a new multidimensional child-based weighting scheme index: an empirical estimation for PortugalPublication . Fernandes, Liliana; Mendes, Américo; Teixeira, AuroraAssessing child well-being through composite summary indexes is one of the most recent developments regarding child well-being measurement. Using a new index that takes into account the children's own perspectives, this paper presents empirical evidence on the main determinants of overall child wellbeing. Econometric estimations, based on a sample of 1246 children enrolled in the 3rd-6th grades of schools located in the Northern region of Portugal, convey two main results: (1) the parents' educational background and professional status, in particular, an unemployed father, are the most important factors affecting child well-being and (2) children from households with double or foreign nationality are worse off than those with Portuguese nationality. These results support the positive role of policies targeting the qualifications and employment opportunities for parents, as well as the need for inclusive policies for immigrant households as a way to improve their children's well-being.