CLSBE - Dissertações de Mestrado / Master Dissertations
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Browsing CLSBE - Dissertações de Mestrado / Master Dissertations by advisor "Aggarwal, Ishani"
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- Condition of expats in business with a focus on italian emigrationPublication . Castaldo, Tommaso; Aggarwal, Ishani
- A cross-cultural comparison of the Portuguese and German Generation Y in terms of power distance, uncertainty avoidance and future orientationPublication . Hartmann, Patrick Alexander; Aggarwal, IshaniThe cross-cultural literature is undecisive about the durability of previously measured national culture dimensions. There are doubts whether the scores are stable and representative in today’s globalized societies and whether these converge over time. The purpose of this study was to examine the Portuguese and German Generation Y cohort regarding their values in terms of Power Distance, Uncertainty Avoidance and Future Orientation, and compare the data with previously researched national culture scores by GLOB. Primary data was collected with a quantitative online survey. The identical GLOBE questionnaire was used to obtain the data from the Generation Y cohort. 1) The measured cultural dimension scores by Generation Y were, as hypothesized, different towards the previously obtained GLOBE scores. Interestingly, the German culture scores changed more than the Portuguese. 2) The measured cultural dimension scores of the German and Portuguese Generation Y participants have diverged, which was the contrary to the hypothesized cultural convergence. It is however unclear whether the participants can be representative for the entire Generation Y as the age group was not well distributed within Generation Y’s defined date of birth between 1980-1999. With this study, organizations can gain an understanding about the cultural similarities and differences of the Portuguese and German Generation Y cohort. To the author’s knowledge this is the first research regarding the cross-cultural comparison of the Portuguese and German Generation Y regarding the cultural dimensions Power Distance, Uncertainty Avoidance and Future Orientation.
- How can the concept of nudging be used to promote sustainable consumer behavior? : the influence of using dynamic social norms on consumers’ travel behavior and the moderating role of environmental consciousnessPublication . Dreßler, Moritz Binh Minh; Aggarwal, IshaniDue to the increasing threats arising from environmental issues, the need for sustainable development is getting more and more important. To encourage sustainable consumer behavior, the concept of nudging has increasingly caught the attention of the scientific community. In contrast to traditional consumer marketing, nudging aims for behavioral changes without providing any financial incentives. Among other aspects, social influence have been found to have a powerful impact on consumers’ behavior. This study examined the impact of a nudge intervention using social dynamic norms on the consumers’ choice for a more sustainable travel option. It further investigated the moderating role of environmental consciousness on this relationship. For this purpose, the author developed a survey experiment featuring a hypothetical case study in which the participants faced a trade off between a sustainable and an unsustainable travel mode (train vs. plane). The final sample counted 133 participants. The results of the study suggest a positive relationship between the nudge intervention and the participants preference for the more sustainable travel mode. Although environmental consciousness had a significant positive effect on the consumers’ preference for the sustainable travel mode, it did not moderate the relationship between the nudge intervention and the choice of travel mode. The findings of this study support previous observations that consumers are subject to social influence. Moreover, the results support the idea that nudge interventions could be an effective tool in lowering the perceived barriers in hindering sustainable consumer behavior.
- How employees’ monitoring perceptions affects organizational trust : the moderating role of organizational justicePublication . Sarra, Rossana; Aggarwal, IshaniHow should organizations react to nowadays working context? Should technologic innovations in terms of employees’ behaviour surveillance be embraced and adopted by companies? What could be the implications of these practices? This study, based on an input-process-output model, seeks to investigate how monitoring employees may affect their attitudes towards the organization, more in specific, the focus will be on one variable: workers’ trust towards the organization. The research further proposes to determine whether the four organizational justice constructs significantly moderate the relationship between perceived monitoring and organizational trust. This research applied a quantitative research method, consisting on the analysis of responses obtained to a previously developed survey. Regression analysis was used in order to understand the relationship between monitoring in the workplace and trust towards the organization and to clarify the role played by the four dimensions of organizational justice. Inconsistently with the hypotheses developed, the results indicate that monitoring employees cannot be considered a factor, which negatively impacts the trust towards the organization. Likewise, the organizational justice domain does not significantly moderate this relationship: the four different organizational justice constructs reported statistically insignificant scores of interaction on the main relationship. Finally, the implications of the results are discussed with respect to clarifying possible explanation for the obtained outcomes and propose solutions to improve future studies in this area.
- Predicting attitudes to diversity : the relationship between personal characteristics and prejudice towards diversityPublication . Hildingsson, Johan Karl Ingvar; Aggarwal, IshaniThe aim of the current study was to evaluate the extent to which certain values, traits, cognitive styles, and cultural dimensions can a predict diversity attitudes of individuals. A sample of 104 respondents from a broad range of 39 nationalities represented answered a 5–10 minutes survey testing respondents’ views using the shorter TIPI (ten item personality index) of the Big Five personality traits dimension, SSVS (Short Schwartz’s Value Survey), Gelfand’s tightness/looseness dimension, cognitive conformity style & Hofstede’s masculinity dimension in addition to the attitudes to diversity scale focusing on two scales of prejudice against females and foreign ethnics. The study established strong links of findings clearly pointing to a distinct connection between harboring fewer negative attitudes to diversity and openness to experiences, benevolence, universalism, self-direction, and self-transcendence, whereas higher levels of conformity, conservation, power, and tradition in addition to the male gender all were found of harboring more negative attitudes to diversity.
- The effect of authentic leadership on employee engagement and the moderating role of leader-follower value congruencePublication . Tabrizi, Felicitas Sara Isabelle Naderi; Aggarwal, IshaniDespite the general knowledge of positive outcomes resulting from highly engaged employees, surprisingly little is known about how leaders can effectively contribute to a more engaged work force. With raising attention to positive forms of leadership styles in organizational behavior, this research study focuses first of all, how authentic leadership influences employee engagement and secondly, how this relationship changes with the introduction of leader follower value congruence as a moderator. A quantitative research design was conducted and a sample of 193 participants from Brazil and Germany was used to investigate this research question. Linear regression analysis was employed to assess the relationships between the variables. The results revealed that authentic leadership had significant positive effect on employee engagement. Importantly, balanced processing – which is one of the components of the authentic leadership construct – was strongly related to employee engagement. Moreover, the moderation analysis showed that when value congruence between the leader and follower is high, the positive relationship between authentic leadership and employee engagement becomes stronger. Theoretical and managerial implications as well as limitations of the study results and suggestions for future research are discussed.
- The impact of the Brazilian National Culture on the organizational culture of a French company based in Brazil : a case studyPublication . Quirin, Cécilia Maria; Aggarwal, IshaniThe study The Impact of the Brazilian National Culture on the Organizational Culture of a French company based in Brazil, a Case Study (Quirin, C., 2017), aims at understanding how key concepts learned during an International Master in Management are put in practice in the international organizational environment. Notions such as Cross-cultural management, National and Organizational Culture, Cultural Adaptability and Globalization are analysed in order to understand how they are related to each other. Understanding the latter helped answering the main research question: How does the Brazilian national culture affect the organizational culture of a French company located in Brazil? The case study is based on the Brazilian branch of the French company, Webedia. It analyses Webedia-Brazil’s organizational culture through the GLOBE framework and its Societal and Leadership dimensions. Mentioning differences existing between the two national cultures in question and how Webedia-Brazil’s reality correlates to them. The study also provides the company with a set of suggested recommendations for the members to continue pursuing cultural adaptability and effective cross-cultural management. Finally, it is concluded that both national cultures do have an impact on the company’s organizational culture. However, some aspects remain specific to the company and its industry and therefore, are not related to the national cultures.
- The influence of unisex labels on consumers’ purchase intention : a study in the cosmetic industry controlling for category involvement and familiarityPublication . Vieira, Sara; Aggarwal, IshaniLabels can have a great impact on consumers’ decisions and their willingness to try or to buy certain products. The focus of this study is in trying to understand how the presence of an unisex label on the packaging of an unisex product may affect consumers’ perception about the product and change respectively their purchase intention. Depending on the positive, negative or neutral effect on unisex labels on the purchase intention, companies may gain or lose advantage with the usage of unisex labels on their products. Because many brands in the cosmetic industry are starting to launch unisex products in the market, it is of extreme relevance to understand how consumers feel and react to unisex products, understanding, for instance, how open they are to these products and which product categories they are more wiling to try or buy. As the consumer decision is made based on product aesthetics (e.g. packaging size, color, shape), familiarity with the product and category involvement, it is also important to take these variables in consideration and control for them. Therefore, the variables familiarity with unisex products and category involvement will be added to the model of study, moderating for the effect of the presence of unisex labels on consumers’ purchase intention.
- The relationship between cultural dimensions and goal orientationPublication . Nogueira, Madalena Maltês de Almeida; Aggarwal, IshaniThe purpose of this study consists on understanding the relationship between cultural dimensions and goal orientation. Specifically, the research seeks to explore if some cultural dimensions of GLOBE Project are related to goal orientation, specifically Learning and Performance Goal Orientation. A quantitative research method was used in the study to collect responses from individuals through an online survey previously elaborated. The relationship between five cultural dimensions and Learning and Performance Goal Orientation were tested through multiple linear regressions to understand if there were significant relationships between them and to test if those were positive or negative. The results supported two out of five hypotheses proposed. Performance Orientation was positively related to Learning Goal Orientation, as well as Institutional Collectivism was negatively related to Performance Goal Orientation. Although the opposite relationship was proposed in the hypothesis, the relationship between High Power Distance and Performance Goal Orientation was significant. Remaining relationships tested did not yield significant findings. Finally, the results obtained could provide important information about specific cultural behaviors needed to engage with to incur and follow a particular goal orientation, as well as, significant information to future research in this area.