CRC-W - Contribuições em Revistas Científicas / Contribution to Journals
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- The anatomy of well-being: understanding its psychosocial and sociodemographic dimensionsPublication . Barros, Carlos; Cruz, Mariana Malta; Matos, Margarida Gaspar deMigration processes should be analyzed in terms of their psychosocial impact within a multisystemic context. This study aims to identify the psychosocial and sociodemographic factors that influence the well-being of Portuguese migrants, focusing on aspects such as educational qualifications, health, employment status, the length of time they have been outside Portugal and where they live. Participants are 395 Portuguese emigrants currently living abroad, aged between 20 and 78 (M = 37.60, SD = 8.65). The participants live in various geographical locations. About three-quarters (77%, n = 302) of respondents lived in European countries, particularly in urban areas (71%, n = 281), mainly women (78%, n = 308). Linear regression models used as independent variables gender, health, marital status, qualifications, professional status, residence, age and years since emigrating and as dependent variables the satisfaction with social ties, connection, cohesion, acculturation and adaptation. Data were collected through an online survey using non-probabilistic recruitment, and analyzed with ANOVA for mean comparisons and stepwise linear regression to identify the strongest predictors of well-being dimensions. The results suggest that interventions aimed at promoting migrants' well-being should integrate the social, physical, and mental dimensions of health, recognizing the importance of support networks, a sense of belonging, employment conditions, and community cohesion for adaptation and integration. The study emphasizes the importance of synergy between individual and contextual well-being in creating healthy spaces, populations and communities.
- Behavioral insights during the COVID-19 pandemic in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina: the role of trust, health literacy, risk and fairness perceptions in compliance with public health and social measuresPublication . Cilović-Lagarija, Šeila; Eitze, Sarah; Skočibušić, Siniša; Musa, Sanjin; Stojisavljević, Stela; Šabanović, Haris; Dizdar, Faris; Palo, Mirza; Nitzan, Dorit; Arriaga, Miguel Telo de; Scherzer, Martha; Curtis, Benjamin; Habersaat, Katrine BachBackground and aim Public health and social measures (PHSM) are critical aspects of limiting the spread of infections in pandemics. Compliance with PHSM depends on a wide range of factors, including behavioral determinants such as emotional response, trust in institutions or risk perceptions. This study examines self-reported compliance with PHSM during the COVID-19 pandemic in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (FBIH). Materials and methods We analyze the association between compliance and behavioral determinants, using data from five cross-sectional surveys that were conducted between June 2020 and August 2021 in FBIH. Quota-based sampling ensured that the 1000 people per wave were population representative regarding age, sex, and education level based on the data from the latest census in Bosnia and Herzegovina. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to identify significant changes between studies on determinants and PHSM measures. Regression was used to find relations between behavioral determinants and PHSM.Results Participants reported strong emotional responses to the rapid spread of the virus and its proximity to them. Risk perception was spiking in December 2020 when rates of infection and death were particularly high. Trends in policy acceptance were divergent; participants did not rate PHSM as exaggerated, but perceived fairness was low. Trust in institutions was low across all waves and declined for specific institutions such as the health ministry. In five wave-specific regression analyses, emotional response (βmin/max = .11*/.21*), risk perception (βmin/max = .06/.18*), policy acceptance (βmin/max = .09/.20*), and trust in institutions (βmin/max = .06/.21*) emerged as significant predictors of PHSM. Conclusions This study contributes to the body of research on factors influencing compliance with PHSM. It emphasizes the importance of behavioral monitoring through repeated surveys to understand and improve compliance. The study also affirms the impact of public trust on compliance, the risk of eroding compliance over time, and the need for health literacy support to help reinforce protective behaviors.
- Beyond the pandemic: tracing the evolution of activity, screen time, and sleep in European children over 3 yearsPublication . Orgilés, Mireia; Amorós-Reche, Víctor; Francisco, Rita; Godinho, Cristina; Delvecchio, Elisa; Mazzeschi, Claudia; Pedro, Marta; Morales, Alexandra; Espada, José P.During COVID-19, several studies documented a decrease in physical activity time, an increase in screen use and a worsening of sleep duration. The aim of this study was to compare the proportion of children with unhealthy amounts of time dedicated to these three habits across three different moments: before the pandemic (T1), 2 weeks after its outbreak (T2), and three and a half years later (T3), when the situation was fully restored. A total of 1248 caregivers of children and adolescents aged 3 to 18 years old (46.9% female) from Italy, Spain and Portugal reported the amount of time devoted to physical activity, screen use and sleep at each moment. At T2, an increase in the percentage of children and adolescents with unhealthy time dedicated to physical activity and screen use was recorded. Proportions decreased at T3 but remained higher than at T1. At T3, the proportion of participants with inadequate sleep hours significantly decreased in children aged 3 to 5 compared to T1–T2, showed no differences in children aged 6 to 12, and increased in adolescents compared to T2, with no significant differences compared to T1. Conclusion: Results highlight that, although unhealthy patterns in physical activity and screen use have decreased compared to the confinement in March 2020, three and a half years later they remain higher than before the COVID-19 pandemic. These findings underscore the need for continued efforts to promote healthy lifestyles and prevent potential adverse consequences.
- Bridging the gap: environmental health literacy as key to adolescent well-being and sustainable behaviorsPublication . Matos, Margarida Gaspar de; Branquinho, Cátia; Domingos, Leonor; Guedes, Fabio Botelho; Cerqueira, Ana; Gaspar, TaniaAdolescents who possess environmental health literacy are more equipped to handle the effects of the environment on their health. This study uses data from Portugal’s 2022 HBSC survey to investigate the environmental health literacy (EHL) of teenagers. The Environmental Health Literacy Scale (EHLS) was verified by confirmatory component analysis. Within the framework of an ecosystem, this study investigates factors related to health and well-being. There are 7355 adolescents in the sample. EHLS_Social Norms and participation in volunteering activities were found to be significant predictors of EHL_Knowledge, which explained 25.2% of the variance in the final model. EHLS_Social Norms and EHLS_Knowledge accounted for 42.9% of the variance in EHL_Behaviors, while school grade was adversely connected with pro-environmental behavior. While actions and knowledge were major positive predictors, gender and school grades showed negative relationships, and EHL_Social Norms accounted for 46% of the variance. This study establishes a valid measure of environmental health literacy in adolescents, informing science education strategies and public health interventions.
- Care: new challenges arising from transnational dynamicsPublication . Guerra, Inês; Barros, CarlosCare and support are central determinants of social work. However, the needs and specificities for an integral perception of this assistance need to be drawn in the context of a globalizing society and increasingly evident macro and micro contextual phenomena. By taking care of aging people in the context of Portuguese transnational families as an example, this paper aims to be a space of dialogue between challenges and possible answers in an attempt to reflect on the main issues of care in transnational families. The main results/reflections emphasize the need to broaden educational training to recognize care as inherently interdisciplinary and rooted in cross-cultural knowledge. Digital communication technologies play a crucial role in enabling care that transcends geographical boundaries, improving both the quality of interactions with care-related elements and social responses.
- Life satisfaction and risk of depression: the role of adolescents’ social and emotional skillsPublication . Francisco, Rita; Branquinho, Cátia; Noronha, Catarina; Moraes, Bárbara; Rodrigues, Nuno Neto; Matos, Margarida Gaspar deThe absence of mental illness does not necessarily mean the presence of mental health or well-being. Especially after the COVID-19 pandemic, it is important to identify the risk and prevent the development of mental illness. The present study aimed to: a) characterize the levels of well-being and life satisfaction of adolescents; b) identify the risk of depression; c) analyze differences in the three dimensions of mental health considering sociodemographic characteristics (gender and level of education); and d) analyze predictors of life satisfaction and risk of depression, considering the sociodemographic characteristics and social-emotional skills. Participated in the study 3235 adolescents (50% female), aged between 11 and 20 years (M=14.47, SD=1.91). Participants attend public schools in the 3rd cycle of basic education (47.9%) and secondary education (52.1%), and responded to self-report measures. The results revealed that most adolescents (58.5%) have an average level of life satisfaction. However, 51.1% of participants have a low level of well-being and 19.6% are at risk of depression. All the social-emotional skills included in the models proved to be significant predictors of life satisfaction and lower risk of depression, especially optimism (besides emotional control, stress resistance and sociability). The results reinforce the existence of a double continuum of mental health and mental illness. The results also support the relevance of implementing school-based interventions to promote social-emotional skills that help adolescents deal with the challenges of a changing world, and to prevent depression. From a public health perspective, it is essential to implement universal prevention programs that are part of the paradigm of health-promoting schools.
- Long COVID as a risk factor for hypersomnolence and fatigue: insights from the 2nd International Covid Sleep Study Collaboration (ICOSS-2)Publication . Sarkanen, Tomi; Merikanto, Ilona; Bjorvatn, Bjorn; Chung, Frances; Holzinger, Brigitte; Morin, Charles M.; Penzel, Thomas; Gennaro, Luigi de; Wing, Yun Kwok; Benedict, Christian; Xue, Pei; Reis, Cátia; Korman, Maria; Landtblom, Anne-Marie; Matsui, Kentaro; Hrubos-Strom, Harald; Mota-Rolim, Sergio; Nadorff, Michael R.; Berezin, Linor; Liu, Yaping; Scarpelli, Serena; Brandão, Luiz E. M.; Cedernaes, Jonathan; Partinen, Eemil; Bolstad, Courtney J.; Plazzi, Giuseppe; Espie, Colin A.; Partinen, Markku; Dauvilliers, YvesBackground: Hypersomnolence, defined as excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), excessive quantity of sleep (EQS), sleep inertia, and fatigue reduce quality of life. We assessed associations of the COVID-19 pandemic, infection without long-term sequalae (short COVID, SC), and long COVID (LC) on hypersomnolence and fatigue in a large population across different countries. Methods: As part of an online questionnaire (ICOSS-2), we assessed EDS via the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), fatigue via Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), and sleep duration at night and per 24 h. We also assessed the associations with EDS, sleep inertia, fatigue and napping by their frequencies, during the pandemic in COVID-negative, SC and LC participants. Results: The final cohort comprised 13,656 participants (69.1 % women, 42.7 ± 16.6 years), with 12.4 % classified SC and 7.5 % LC. ESS scores were higher in LC (9.16, 95 % CI [8.78, 9.53]) compared to SC (7.26, [6.97, 7.55]) and COVID-negative (6.53, [6.43, 6.63]). LC also had higher odds of ESS>10 (OR 1.58, [1.18,2.09]). FSS scores were higher in LC (median 51, IQR 39–59) than SC (34, 25–44) and COVID-negative (35, 25–45), with LC having 2.22 higher odds of severe fatigue. LC cases also reported more EQS (?10/24 h) than COVID-negative. Worsening of EDS, fatigue, sleep inertia, and napping was reported during pandemic to a greater extent in LC. Conclusions: LC was associated with higher levels of hypersomnolence and fatigue than in SC or COVID-negative participants, highlighting the need for interventions and future research focusing on sleep symptoms and their relation to long-term health outcomes.
- Sensor based sleep patterns and reported sleep quality in breast cancer patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapyPublication . Malveiro, Carla; Boavida, Sofia; Cargaleiro, Catarina; Bernardino, Ana V.; Correia, Inês R.; Reis, Cátia; Matos, Leonor; Sardinha, Luis B.; Cardoso, Maria João; Saint-Maurice, Pedro F.Breast cancer is the most diagnosed cancer in women worldwide and its treatment often leads to the onset of sleep disturbances. While much research has focused on chemotherapy’s impact on overall sleep quality through subjective measures, less attention has been given to its effects on specific sleep metrics such as duration, timing, continuity, and naps. This preliminary study addresses this gap by assessing sleep duration, timing, and regularity, using the Emfit QS device over 100 consecutive days in 24 breast cancer patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Additionally, we incorporated the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) to measure reported sleep quality. Our results suggest that chemotherapy may influence the duration for time spent in bed (ptrend=0.02) measured by the Emfit QS. Duration in bed decreased over the first seven weeks (e.g., 9.3 h/day at week 1 vs. 8.5 h/day at week 8), and increased thereafter to similar amounts as those recorded in week 1 (9.0 h/day at week 15). Sleep timing and regularity, also measured by the Emfit QS, remained unchanged. Overall sleep quality, as measured by the PSQI, did not change over time. However, our analysis of the individual components of the PSQI revealed that sleep disturbances increased as treatment progressed from week 1 to week 8 (1.3 ± 0.6 to 1.7 ± 0.6; p=0.01), concurrently with an increase in insomnia symptoms. Approximately, 33%, 63%, and 73% reported having insomnia symptoms at week 1, 8, and 15. These findings highlight critical periods during treatment when patients are vulnerable to disrupted sleep. Future research should focus on interventions to mitigate sleep disturbances, improving patient wellbeing and overall quality of life.