Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2018-03-14"
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- Diferenciação pedagógica no processo de ensino-aprendizagem de alunos com necessidades educativas especiaisPublication . Kakinda, Maria Nakamela Njunjuvili Marcolino; Ponte, Filomena Ermida Figueiredo Branco daEste trabalho de investigação teve como objetivo abordar o efeito da diferenciação pedagógica em alunos com necessidades educativas especiais, nomeadamente num Estabelecimento de Ensino português. Para tal, foi realizada uma definição concetual, bem como um breve enquadramento histórico e legal das necessidades educativas especiais. Paralelamente foi apresentada uma definição concetual e metodológica das estratégias pedagógicas diferenciadas. Através da metodologia de estudo de caso, foram analisados e comparados dois casos de alunos com Necessidades Educativas Especiais, documentando a implementação de estratégias de pedagogia diferenciada, tendo sido ainda verificada a respetiva evolução em ambos os casos. Assim, foi possível documentar o contributo que a Pedagogia Diferenciada presta no processo de ensino-aprendizagem de crianças com Necessidades Educativas Especiais.
- Reputational effects and spillovers from corporate fraudPublication . Schulte, Anna; Stahl, JörgImplications of corporate fraud on stock market exchanges are studied by performing 60 event studies on top ten corporate frauds, defined by the highest settlement amount, since 1996. Primarily, it is found that cumulative abnormal returns (CAR) from applying standard event study methodology identify high reputational losses of the wrongdoers’ share prices of on average - 31.00% around the filing date, bolstering previous findings. Furthermore, spillover effects are identified within the industry, amounting to c. -0.50% cumulative abnormal return, on average. Those industry spillovers are statistically significant on a 1% level and manifest a specific line of mixed and few evidence. Additionally, spillover effects are observed for companies that acted fraudulent within the two years prior to each of the ten events to see whether the market has a memory. Those fraud firm spillovers are significant with 95% confidence and amount to an average -0.20% CAR, contributing new and relevant findings to the literature body. Adding more factors to the model by applying Fama and French three factors bolsters those findings and robustness is further given by an extended event window.
- Access to finance and the type of ownership : do different firms behave differently when constrained?Publication . Teles, António Maria Cunha; Bonfim, Diana Carina Ribeiro GuimarãesThe purpose of this thesis is to understand how European SME’s capital structure varies with credit restrictions, taking into account the type of ownership of the firm. Departing from the previous literature, I explicitly consider differences between public firms, family firms, business owned by other businesses, venture capitalists owned firms and singular owned firms. Using the ECB’s SAFE dataset I try to see if the behaviour of different types of ownership is by itself a differentiating factor. This is done for cases where firms are constrained and unconstrained. Moreover, the same is done considering constraints to different types of external financing in which we can distinguish bank loans, trade credit, credit lines and other type of external financing. Furthermore, this thesis also looks for differences in the way shareholders react when they are constrained vs. when they are not. The empirical results surprisingly show that in many cases, when firms are constrained they still increase their leverage ratio. However, when comparing the leverage level, the significant results suggest a decrease when constrained. For the constrained case, when I compare the types of shareholder, I find no significant differences between firms, while some firms show bigger percentages of increase in the leverage ratio when compared to others in the unconstrained case.
- Types of top executive compensation and the aggregate cost of debtPublication . Santos, Ricardo Pena Gonçalves de Jesus; Bonfim, Diana Carina Ribeiro GuimarãesThe current thesis analyzes the relation between the main types of CEOs’ compensation and the corporate aggregate cost of debt for Standard and Poor’s 500 non-financial constituents between 2010-2016. Pay compensation includes inside debt and equity compensations, as well as salaries and cash bonus. As expected, I find that debt-based payoffs exert a negative impact on cost of debt through a set of robustness checks, by improving the CEO-debtholders alignment. This relation is driven by pension benefits plans, meaning that this payoff type is in line with other non-secured instruments of corporate debt. Pensions represent, on average, 21.5% of CEO total compensation. Further, my findings show that the negative impact of inside debt mechanisms is stronger when firms’ leverage ratio is higher. Surprisingly, contrary to agency theory, I find that equity-based payoffs help to reduce financing costs, being this relation driven by options granted, while stocks present an insignificant impact. The same behavior is observed by cash bonus, which has a significant negative impact on the corporate financing costs, though it represents a tiny weight of CEO total compensation (1.18%). After analyzing the compensation trends in the last decade, it is observed that pensions and equity-based remunerations display an inverse behavior in the post financial crisis period. It suggests that according to the economic and financial context, firms tend to adjust the remunerations paid to their CEOs to maximize the trade-off between risk and financing costs, since the financial market participants seem to care about how CEOs are compensated.
- Pecado, justiça e julgamento : uma leitura de Jo 16, 8-11Publication . Cardoso, Mário Emanuel Caires; Correia, João Alberto SousaO texto de Jo 16, 8-11 revela que o Paráclito através da comunidade crente busca no “mundo” incrédulo o reconhecimento de Jesus Cristo que é fonte de “vida eterna”, manifestando desta forma que mantem presente na comunidade crente (Igreja) a revelação de Cristo. A função jurídica (forense) e didática (pedagógica) do Paráclito, presente no texto, consiste em convencer o mundo do seu pecado e das suas consequências (justiça e julgamento), com o intuito de o libertar dessa escravidão, convencendo-o de que a incredulidade em relação a Jesus Cristo (da qual o ateísmo contemporâneo é exemplo) manifesta uma disposição interior que afeta profundamente os desígnios salvíficos de Deus. A missão do Espírito é iluminar e guiar a humanidade, por si transformada, à Verdade completa, a fim de que ela, pela fé, participe da vida divina, por meio de Jesus Cristo.
- Corporate innovation and its peers' effectsPublication . Mendonça, Catarina de Magalhães Vasconcelos e Sousa de; Bonfim, Diana Carina Ribeiro GuimarãesThis dissertation presents an empirical analysis between the link of corporate innovation decisions and its competitors' response, in understanding how peers behave due to innovation, and which channel drives this behaviour, by exploring peer effects and the respective empirical challenges that peer effects engender. The results are economically and statistically significant, concluding that peer companies perform a relevant impact when firms define their corporate innovation policy. Furthermore, both peers’ investment innovations decisions and peer firms’ characteristics are relevant and considered when firms design their innovation policy. Although, the larger effect on firms’ innovation within the same industry comes from peers’ outcomes.
- O espetro autista : um estudo de caso de sucessoPublication . Sousa, Sheila Cerqueira de; Ponte, Filomena Ermida Figueiredo Branco daEste trabalho é realizado no âmbito da dissertação do Mestrado em Educação Especial: Domínios Cognitivo e Motor. O mesmo tem como objetivos aprofundar conhecimentos sobre a problemática que envolve a Perturbação do Espetro do Autismo; identificar as práticas pedagógicas, entre outras, mais eficazes na educação da criança autista e, à posteriori, o seu desenvolvimento até à fase adulta; fazer um estudo de caso de dois adultos autistas utentes de um Centro de Atividades Ocupacionais (CAO) e verificar a sua adaptação e evolução no mesmo. A pertinência deste estudo prende-se com o facto de verificar até que ponto os adultos /jovens portadores de Perturbação do Espetro Autista são capazes de adquirir / melhorar as suas competências sociais e comportamentais após uma prolongada estadia no seu próprio lar. Para além disso, pretende-se aferir os comportamentos e diferenciá-los entre os monitores, psicomotricista e psicóloga. Todavia como cada adulto é um caso diferente, decidimos fazer um estudo empírico, em contexto de um Centro de Atividades Ocupacionais, de dois adultos com diagnóstico de Perturbação de Espetro Autista.