Loading...
11 results
Search Results
Now showing 1 - 10 of 11
- Um programa com reconhecidas vantagens na qualidade da formação dos futuros psicólogosPublication . Trigo, Luísa; Carvalho, Maria Carmo; Negrão, Mariana; Veiga, Elisa; Barradas, Filipa
- Perceções de pais sobre o uso de substâncias psicoativas na adolescência – um estudo qualitativoPublication . Barradas, Filipa Archer; Carvalho, M. Carmo; Veríssimo, LurdesO artigo apresenta uma investigação cujo objetivo principal foi caracterizar as perceções de pais de adolescentes a respeito do uso de substâncias psicoativas na adolescência, os fatores protetores percebidos como mais efi cazes e as estratégias educativas contempladas em caso de consumo. Partindo-se do reconhecimento da centralidade do papel parental na promoção da proteção e da prevenção do risco associado ao desenvolvimento na adolescência e nas lacunas ainda existentes no domínio do conhecimento das perceções parentais, desenvolveu-se um estudo qualitativo que entrevistou uma amostra de conveniência constituída por N=9, pais e mães de adolescentes de idades variadas (entre os 13 e os 18 anos), através de um procedimento semiestruturado auxiliado por guião concebido para o efeito. Os dados foram analisados através do método da análise de conteúdo, com suporte do soft ware de análise de dados qualitativos NVivo8. O estudo permitiu caracterizar um conjunto de conteúdos relevantes para conhecer a forma como cada um dos participantes interpreta o fenómeno. Os resultados indicam que o papel parental na promoção de competências sociais e pessoais no adolescente é por vezes negligenciado, o que poderá comprometer a efi caz prevenção de comportamentos de risco no adolescente a partir da esfera familiar.
- Abandono escolar e efundula: perceções de um grupo de jovens mães da província do Cunene, no Sul de AngolaPublication . Ndamonovanu, Prudência; Xavier, Maria Raúl; Carvalho, Maria CarmoNos últimos anos, vários trabalhos têm abordado a dinâmica complexa que, na África subsariana, parece relacionar os rituais de iniciação femininos vividos na adolescência e com o abandono escolar. Em muitas situações esses elementos são explorados integrando nas discussões o tema da gravidez/maternidade precoce. No entanto, a conexão entre essas dimensões não é completamente clara e mais informações são necessárias. Tanto quanto sabemos, em Angola não existe investigação explorando perspetivas sobre a escolarização e abandono escolar e sobre a experiência de rituais de iniciação (Efundula) de jovens mães cuja gravidez/maternidade aconteceu antes dos 18 anos de idade e depois de terem vivenciado o efundula, e que entretanto abandonaram a escola. O presente trabalho procura ser uma primeira contribuição para o aprofundar do conhecimento nessa área, dando voz às jovens participantes e explorando os significados das suas perspetivas e experiências em relação ao efundula, à vida escolar e ao abandono escolar. Neste estudo qualitativo, exploratório, o grupo de participantes é composto por 10 mães que vivenciaram o ritual efundula, com idades entre os 16 e os 18 anos e que não frequentam a escola. Após consentimento informado, foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas em profundidade. As entrevistas foram gravadas em áudio e depois transcritas na íntegra. Os dados foram analisados usando uma abordagem semi-indutiva apoiada pelo software Nvivo. Parte dos participantes afirmou que a decisão de participar no efundula não foi sua, mas entenderam o seu papel como “tradição”. A experiência escolar é descrita de forma positiva, valorizando diferentes aspetos. O abandono é muitas vezes apresentado como estando diretamente relacionado com a gravidez/maternidade, mas não especificamente com o efundula. Diversas participantes descrevem uma relação direta entre o efundula e a gravidez/maternidade. A maioria das participantes relata que não pretende voltar a estudar. Estes dados apontam para a necessidade de se aprofundar o conhecimento sobre o fenómeno do abandono escolar no feminino, para se poder intervir/prevenir diminuindo possíveis repercussões pessoais e sociais.
- Evaluation of a drug checking service at a large scale electronic music festival in PortugalPublication . Valente, Helena; Martins, Daniel; Carvalho, Helena; Pires, Cristiana Vale; Carvalho, Maria Carmo; Pinto, Marta; Barratt, Monica J.Background: Drug checking services are being implemented in recreational settings across the world, however these projects are frequently accused of a lack of evidence concerning their impact on people who use drugs. This paper describes the implementation of a drug checking service at the Boom Festival 2016 and explores the impact of this service on its users’ behavioural intentions.Methods: 753 drug samples were submitted to the drug checking service for chemical analysis. All drug checking users were invited to fill a pre-analysis and a post-analysis questionnaire. 310 pre- and post-analysis questionnaires answered by users of the service were successfully matched. Results: When the test results were “unexpected” (N=86), 94.3% of the service users reported that they would not to take the drug. When the test result indicated the sample contained “the expected substance plus adulterants” (N=41) 32% of users stated they would not take it. When the test result was “only the expecte substance” (N=370), as anticipated, 98% of the participants reported they would take it. There was a statistically significant association between users’ behavioural intentions and drug‐checking result (χ2(2)=350,042, p < .001). Conclusions: These results support the hypothesis that providing drug checking services in large-scale festivals helps users to better manage their drug use and deal with drug adulteration. The data corroborates the supposition that when provided with objective information about the content of their drugs, some users consider health protecting behaviours. Additionally, these results can contribute to the design of tailored harm reduction interventions that take into consideration clients’ characteristics, profiles and motivations.
- Potential use of ayahuasca in grief therapyPublication . González, Débora; Carvalho, Maria; Cantillo, Jordi; Aixalá, Marc; Farré, MagíThe death of a loved one is ultimately a universal experience. However, conventional interventions employed for people suffering with uncomplicated grief have gathered little empirical support. The present study aimed to explore the potential effects of ayahuasca on grief. We compared 30 people who had taken ayahuasca with 30 people who had attended peer-support groups, measuring level of grief and experiential avoidance. We also examined themes in participant responses to an open-ended question regarding their experiences with ayahuasca. The ayahuasca group presented a lower level of grief in the Present Feelings Scale of Texas Revised Inventory of Grief, showing benefits in some psychological and interpersonal dimensions. Qualitative responses described experiences of emotional release, biographical memories, and experiences of contact with the deceased. Additionally, some benefits were identified regarding the ayahuasca experiences. These results provide preliminary data about the potential of ayahuasca as a therapeutic tool in treatments for grief.
- Tackling harm reduction, human rights and drug uses on recreational environments: tensions, potentialities and learnings from the Kosmicare Project (Portugal)Publication . Soares, Mónica; Carvalho, Maria Carmo; Valbom, Mónica; Rodrigues, TâniaThis paper is organized into four parts of discussion. Firstly, we present the Portuguese decriminalization law and the central role of harm reduction within this framework. The second section discusses the mainstream meanings ascribed to the 'HR double' mainly anchored in problematic drug uses. The third section highlights the need to take into account the specificities of recreational drug uses, users and environments. Thus, the paper highlights the experience of the Kosmicare Project at the Boom Festival, which combines principles of harm reduction, crisis intervention and Grof's approach. The fourth section draws upon the project's experience itself and in the idea of the normalization of drug uses to acknowledge and to discuss the potentialities, tensions and limitations of these contributions when it comes to analyzing and constructing a strong version of the 'HR double'.
- Psychedelic emergency and high-risk situationsPublication . Carvalho, Maria Carmo
- The Shipibo ceremonial use of ayahuasca to promote well-being: an observational studyPublication . Gonzalez, Debora; Cantillo, Jordi; Perez, Irene; Carvalho, Maria; Aronovich, Adam; Farre, Magi; Feilding, Amanda; Obiols, Jordi E.; Bouso, José CarlosPromoting well-being is one of the main goals to improve health in the world. We examined the well-being and quality of life over the course of one year in a sample that participated in an Indigenous Shipibo healing program where traditional healers work in a series of ayahuasca ceremonies. We also explored the role of decentering as a mediator of psychological well-being. Participants who attended the program responded to an online survey that included a Psychological Well-Being Scale; Oxford Happiness Questionnaire; The World Health Organization Quality of Life Spirituality, Religiousness, and Personal Beliefs scale; the WHO Quality of Life-BREF scale; and Decentering scale. Baseline (T0) and postassessment (T1) were completed by 200 individuals. Of these, 101 completed the follow-up assessment at three months (T2), 91 at 6 months (T3), and 94 at 12 months follow-up (T4) after leaving the center. ANOVA test was performed in a representative subsample to control the passing of time two months before attending the program (T-1). Pearson’s test was performed to examine the relationship between psychological well-being and decentering during the period of T0 and T1. A significant increase was observed in all the scales at all time points (p ≤ 0.01). The subgroup analysis performed in a representative subsample allowed us to infer that the significant differences in outcomes are due to the effect of their stay at the center and not the passing of time. We found a relationship between decentering and the improvement of psychological well-being (r = 0.57; p < 0.01). Our results suggest that the Indigenous Shipibo healing work with ayahuasca has value to improve long-term well-being and quality of life for Westerners.
- O significado do uso de drogas no discurso de jovens consumidores portuguesesPublication . Bernardo, Mariana; Carvalho, Maria CarmoThe goal of this study is to understand the meanings that a youth sample associates to their drug consumption. The sampling process was conducted using a snowball sampling. The sample was composed by a group of 22 individuals aged between 20 and 34 years old, that have had or still have experience with some kind of drug. We used a qualitative method and a semi-structured interview following the Guide For Life Story and Drug Uses, which is an adaptation from McAdams (2000), Fernandes and Carvalho (2003), and Matos (2008). The data was analysed under the principles of Grounded Theory and using the Software QSRNvivo 8, a software for qualitative data analysis. We highlight the extremely negative meanings, like physical, psychological and social degradation that were connected to heroin and the generalization of the cannabis use to all individuals, which acquires a day-to-day dimension. Cocaine also appears among the substances with more expression in our sample, and it is located between the concepts of degradation and leasure. In general terms, we found, during this study, that the drug use seems to be connected to the idea of a shared common cultural code that links individuals, experience and meaning of their drug uses
- Psicologia da justiça e do comportamento desviantePublication . Ribeiro, Catarina; Carvalho, Maria Carmo; Barbosa, Mariana; Matos, Raquel