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- Disturbances of attachment in community and institutionalized children in pre- school age: a comparative studyPublication . Carneiro, A.; Dias, P.; Oliveira, P.; Fachada, I.; Baptista, J.; Silva, J.; Marques, S.; Martins, C.; Soares, I.
- Saúde mental de crianças e adolescentes portugueses em acolhimento residencialPublication . Campos, Joana; Barbosa-Ducharne, Maria; Dias, Pedro; Rodrigues, SóniaEm Portugal existem mais de 8000 crianças em Acolhimento Residencial (AR). Neste estudo participaram 77 crianças em AR (63,6% rapazes). Através da Bateria ASEBA foi possível observar que os participantes apresentaram níveis clínicos de problemas de saúde mental (maioritariamente as raparigas). Estes estão relacionados com o motivo de acolhimento e com o tipo de apoio recebido. A dimensão da casa medeia a relação entre a sintomatologia e o número de apoios recebidos. Estes resultados apelam à necessidade de instituir procedimentos de avaliação psicológica no momento de admissão da criança, sensibilizar os profissionais das casas de AR para estes sinais e sintomas e implementar programas de prevenção e promoção da saúde mental.
- Questionário sobre hiperatividade para professoresPublication . Leal, Maria; Dias, PedroA construção do Questionário sobre Hiperatividade para Professores (QHP) fundamentou-se no propósito de recolher dados sobre o conhecimento dos professores acerca da Perturbação de Hiperatividade com Défi ce de Atenção, no âmbito de um estudo académico. Neste sentido, foi necessário construir um instrumento para operacionalizar as seguintes variáveis: conhecimento dos professores acerca da PHDA, estratégias utilizadas face à problemática, comportamento do aluno e sua realização académica. De forma a avaliar as características psicométricas do QHP, a consistência interna das trinta e quatro questões relacionadas com o conhecimento do docente face à PHDA foi avaliada através do alpha de Cronbach, após a aplicação do QHP junto de uma amostra de 167 professores. O valor de alpha encontrado foi de 0.82, conferindo desta forma uma boa consistência interna do QHP.
- Emotional and behavioral problems and psychosocial skills in adolescents in residential carePublication . Campos, Joana; Barbosa‑Ducharne, Maria; Dias, Pedro; Rodrigues, Sónia; Martins, Ana Catarina; Leal, MarianaResearch suggests that mental health problems in adolescents in residential care (RC) are more prevalent than for youth in the community, and that psychosocial competencies are protective factors of mental health. This study compared adolescents in RC in Portugal, with a Portuguese community sample on the incidence of mental health problems and psychosocial skills, explored gender differences and the relationships between mental health problems and psychosocial competencies. Four hundred and forty-three adolescents in RC participated. Results showed that the RC adolescents had higher levels of mental health problems lower academic achievement, a poorer social support network, but were more involved in sports and hobbies, household chores than the adolescents in the normative sample. Gender differences were observed. Psychosocial skills were negatively correlated with mental health problems. These findings indicate an urgent need in Portugal for early screening of mental health problems and socio-cognitive interventions for youth in RC.
- Assessment of temperament at 13 and 24 months using maternal report: validation of the Portuguese version of infant characteristics questionnairePublication . Carneiro, Alexandra; Dias, Pedro; Magalhães, Carla; Soares, Isabel; Rangel-Henriques, Margarida; Silva, Joana; Marques, Sofia; Baptista, JoanaTemperament is a set of individual traits that has his origins in biology that is demonstrated from earlychildhood, and has some kind of continuity over time. So, and since the assessment of temperament allows us to understand further the child’s functioning, it becomes relevant validate instruments to collect this type of data. The studies presented here are part of a broader research project that aims to understand the development of children aged from 0 to 60 months. More specifically, the two studies generally aim to validate the Infant Characteristics Questionnaire (ICQ1) for 13 and 24 months of age for the Portuguese population, using mothers as informants. The first sample consists in 289 infants aged between 11 and 20months (Study 1) and the second sample comprised 398 children aged between 21 and 32 months (Study2). The two samples were collected in nurseries and day-care area of †northern Portugal, and are convenience samples. In collecting data, in addition to completing the ICQ1, the mother was asked to complete a questionnaire with demographic information about her, child and pregnancy. The specific objectives of this study were to evaluate the psychometric properties of the two versions of this instrument such as construct validity and internal consistency. The results show that factorial solutions achieved were both appropriate for these versions of ICQ1 to 13 months and to 24 months. In addition, levels of internal consistency of the dimensions obtained are generally adequate.
- Autonomic correlates of attachment insecurity in a sample of women with eating disordersPublication . Dias, Pedro; Soares, Isabel; Klein, John; Cunha, João P. S.; Roisman, Glenn I.This study examined associations between attachment insecurity and autonomic response during the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI) in a sample of 47 women with eating disorders using a new system for the synchronous acquisition of behavioral and physiological data: the Bio Dual-channel and Representation of Attachment Multimedia System (BioDReAMS; Soares, Cunha, Zhan Jian Li, Pinho, & Neves, 1998). Consistent with the emerging literature on the psychophysiology of adult attachment, insecurity was positively correlated with electrodermal reactivity during the AAI. Furthermore, relatively secure patients showed some evidence of parasympathetic withdrawal, which can be conceptualized as evidence of more effective emotion regulation. Results suggest that, even among women with diagnosed psychopathology, security is associated with more productive patterns of psychophysiological response to attachment-related challenges.
- Agreement and disagreement on emotional and behavioral problems in a sample of preschool-age childrenPublication . Carneiro, Alexandra; Dias, Pedro; Pinto, Raquel; Baiao, Rita; Mesquita, Ana; Soares, IsabelThe present study aimed to identify predictors of agreement and disagreement concerning emotional and behavioral problems reported by the mothers and teachers of preschool-aged children. Participants included 172 (89 boys) children, their mothers, and their preschool teachers. Mothers were asked to complete the Child Behavior Checklist for Ages 11/2-5 (CBCL 11/2-5), the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI), and a sociodemographic questionnaire, and were observed engaging in an interactive task with their child. Preschool teachers completed the Caregiver Teacher Report Form for Ages 11/2-5 (CTRF). The results show low cross-informant agreement. None of the studied variables predicted cross-informant agreement; however, maternal psychopathology and the presence of an assistant in the classroom were predictors of disagreement between mothers and teachers. Although these results highlight the influence of maternal and school context variables on the disagreement among informants' reports on the emotional and behavioral problems of preschool-aged children, additional research in this field is needed.
- Viabilidade da monitorização da intervenção psicoterapêutica com adolescentes com recurso a aplicações móveisPublication . Dias, Pedro; Lima, Vânia Sousa; Machado, Bárbara César; Campos, Joana; Teixeira, Luis Miguel Lopes; Torres, Nuno; Lopes, Luiz; Veiga, ElisaA monitorização sistemática da intervenção psicoterapêutica é determinante na avaliação da eficácia clínica de uma intervenção e na adequação da mesma às necessidades do indivíduo. Ao longo da última década, a tecnologia foi evoluindo rapidamente, bem como as aplicações tecnológicas associadas aos processos de psicoterapia. A inclusão da monitorização psicoterapêutica nos processos de intervenção psicológica surgiu enquanto necessidade atual, a par da evolução tecnológica. Assim, este trabalho de investigação surge no âmbito de um projeto dirigido à construção de uma aplicação móvel para a monitorização psicoterapêutica nos processos de intervenção psicológica. Com o objetivo de conhecer as perceções de terapeutas, acerca da viabilidade de uma aplicação móvel na realização da monitorização psicoterapêutica, provenientes de diferentes contextos, foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas a 14 terapeutas. As entrevistas têm em vista a exploração da viabilidade da monitorização da intervenção psicoterapêutica com adolescentes e a pertinência do recurso a aplicações móveis no processo terapêutico. Previamente à entrevista, os terapeutas preencheram o consentimento informado, o acordo de confidencialidade e uma ficha sociodemográfica. As entrevistas foram transcritas e foi realizada uma análise semi-indutiva do seu conteúdo com recurso ao software NVivo 10. Os resultados obtidos evidenciaram que a monitorização psicoterapêutica é percecionada como relevante pelo terapeuta, não só para a sua prática profissional, como também para o próprio cliente. Os entrevistados identificaram igualmente fatores facilitadores na utilização deste tipo de aplicações móveis na prática clínica atual. Da sua reflexão acerca da viabilidade das novas tecnologias na monitorização psicoterapêutica emerge a identificação de ganhos e constrangimentos para o terapeuta e para o cliente.
- United to help teachers: intervention to promote mental health literacy in secondary school teachers: preliminary resultsPublication . Campos, Luísa; Palha, Filipa; Dias, Pedro; Costa, NatáliaSeveral adolescents experience significant mental health problems that interfere with their development, but they often don´t have the necessary knowledge to recognise the symptoms (Trudgen & Lawn, 2011). Teachers therefore play a crucial role in early detection of mental health problems in their students and referral to early intervention support services (Graham, Phelps, Maddison & Fitzgerald, 2011; McGorry, Purcell, Hickie, & Jorm, 2007; VicHealth, 2008). Frequently they are the first to observe the maladaptive behaviours that affect young people’s learning and overall functioning (Meldrum, Venn & Kutcher, 2009; Trudgen et al., 2011; Whitley, Smith & Vaillancourt, 2012). The “United to Help Teachers - Intervention to promote mental health literacy in secondary school teachers” project aims at promoting mental health literacy in secondary school teachers. The intervention is composed by two sessions, 150 minutes each, one-week interval. Sessions follow an interactive methodology, using group dynamics and music and group discussions. The impact of the intervention is conducted through a pretest-posttest design using “Questionnaire UPA Makes the Difference: Perceptions of mental health problems – teachers’ form”. Sixty secondary school teachers participated in this study. The postest showed a significant increase in teachers’ positive perceptions regarding mental health problems (less stigmatized), as well as a significant improvement of teachers’ perceived knowledge regarding mental health issues. These results suggest that increasing teachers’ mental health literacy is a crucial complement of school-based intervention that can permit early detection of mental health problems in young people.
- Working alliance inventory for children and adolescents (WAI-CA): development and psychometric propertiesPublication . Figueiredo, Bárbara; Dias, Pedro; Lima, Vânia Sousa; Lamela, DiogoThe purpose of this study was to validate a version of the Working Alliance Inventory (WAI) for children and adolescents (WAI-CA). The sample included 109 children/adolescents aged between 7 and 17 years, outpatients in a Clinical Psychology Unit (Portugal), who completed the WAI-CA between psychotherapy sessions 3 and 35. A subsample of 30 children/adolescents aged between 10 and 14 years filled out both the WAI-CA and the WAI within a one-to-two week’s interval. A subsample of 57 children/adolescents with ages between 7 and 17 years filled out the WAI-CA, and their accompanying parent the WAI. Results show high internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha ranging from .71 to .89) and good external validity. Significant differences were found in the bond subscale according to age, gender, and diagnosis, with higher values in children compared to adolescents, in girls compared to boys, and in participants with internalizing and externalizing problems compared to participants with school problems. Moderate to strong significant correlations were found between children/adolescents’ WAI-CA and WAI scores and weak correlations between children/adolescents’ WAI-CA scores and parent’s WAI scores. Results suggest that the WAI-CA is a valid measure of working alliance to be used with children and adolescents.