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- The individual and the placeholder : incorporated subjects in digital artPublication . Willemars, Ilios Franciscus David Martin Ronald; Gil, Isabel Maria de Oliveira Capeloa; Tygstrup, FrederikHow do new modes of representation help human beings constitute themselves as individuals? What happens when we fail to recognise ourselves in digital images that are meant to operate as placeholders for our bodies? The purpose of this thesis is to analyse how contemporary digital image production alters the way in which human beings identify themselves with the help of images outside of their bodily contours. It critically examines a host of cultural objects, some aesthetic, either in the form of literary works or visual culture, others mundane and everyday. These analyses employ the concept of the placeholder in an attempt to make sense of our representational episteme. In everyday life, issues invariably arise when we are invited to recognise ourselves in representational imagery that we did not create and cannot control. The first chapter of this thesis titled “Voice” focusses on those moments when body-scanners at airports produce discriminatory effects for anyone who is neither recognised as fully male, nor as fully female. The second chapter titled “Work” looks at the implications of virtual reality pornography for the way in which we think sex-work. The third chapter titled “Reproduction” considers facial recognition technologies that are used to categorise and reinforce stereotypical binaries of normalcy and the abnormal in relation to sexuality. The fourth chapter titled “Sacrifice” looks at how changes in the representational fabric as a whole are taking shape and suggests that the notion of sacrifice is of central importance when dealing with the ethical and political issues that arose in the first three chapter. Neither literature, nor philosophy, linguistics, or psychoanalysis, nor queer- or feminist theory alone, are capable of grappling with the specificities of digital visualities today. Mobilising all of these different fields and disciplines in conjunction, and drawing on short stories by Franz Kafka to inform my readings, this thesis analyses the work of contemporary digital video artists Agnieszka Polska, Kate Cooper, Cécile B. Evans, and Ed Atkins, in an attempt to theorise the everyday problems that arise when we find ourselves represented digitally.
- Placeholders there are: the other in the shadow of the bomb: a story in eight movementsPublication . Willemars, Ilios