Repository logo
 
Loading...
Profile Picture

Search Results

Now showing 1 - 10 of 17
  • Modelos cognitivos da lusofonia: romantismo e racionalismo nas políticas de língua e comunicação de unidade/diversidade do português europeu e brasileiro
    Publication . Silva, Augusto Soares da
    Pensamos sobre a realidade social em termos de modelos cognitivos e culturais e, consequentemente, utilizamos estes modelos para categorizar e avaliar a variação linguística. Neste estudo, analisaremos os modelos cognitivos e culturais subjacentes às perceções e atitudes relativamente às variedades europeia e brasileira do português. Emergindo necessariamente no discurso, esses modelos serão estudados com base num corpus de debates sobre políticas de língua e comunicação, normatização linguística e lusofonia. Identificaremos modelos românticos e modelos racionalistas, tanto de convergência como de divergência entre as duas variedades nacionais, que estão na base de atitudes puristas e pró-independentistas face ao português como língua pluricêntrica. O modelo racionalista vê a norma padrão como meio de participação social, ao passo que o modelo romântico olha para a língua padrão como meio de discriminação de identidades. Discutiremos a influência destas ideologias românticas e racionalistas no pluricentrismo do português e na lusofonia.
  • Construing factivity: mood alternations in epistemic contexts
    Publication . Vieira, Pedro Pulquério; Silva, Augusto Soares da; Geeraerts, Dirk
    This paper argues that the semantic contrast between the European Portuguese indicative and subjunctive moods, in complement clauses introduced by epistemic verbs, is related to one of the most fundamental principles of Cognitive Grammar, which states that different choices regarding the way of conveying one’s perspective about a certain aspect of the world-different construals-also result in different meanings. Specifically, it will be shown that different mood construals will reflect different levels of commitment towards the complement clause’s epistemic factivity, as it is addressed in Cognitive Grammar: factivity is the degree of identification of the virtual circumstances of enunciation evoked by the complement clause and the actual ones. The indicative is selected to convey a strong commitment towards the complement’s factivity whereas the subjunctive attenuates the complement’s factivity.
  • Sistema e variação: quão sistemático pode ser o sistema linguístico num modelo baseado no uso?
    Publication . Silva, Augusto Soares da
    Argumentaremos que um modelo baseado no uso implica uma conceção de língua como sistema dinâmico complexo, que correlaciona os aspetos sociais e os aspetos cognitivos. Descritivamente, um modelo baseado no uso implica a inclusão da variação intralinguística no estudo de qualquer expressão e a sua correlação com o significado conceptual. Metodologicamente, um modelo baseado no uso implica a implementação de métodos empíricos multivariacionais, como os métodos socioletométricos. No plano metateórico, um modelo baseado no uso implica uma des-sistematização do sistema linguístico e a construção de um modelo multifatorial de gramática. Mostraremos como a Sociolinguística Cognitiva, uma extensão emergente da Linguística Cognitiva como modelo orientado para o significado e para o uso, consegue dar conta destas implicações. Como ilustração, apresentaremos os resultados da nossa investigação sociocognitiva e socioletométrica sobre a divergência entre o português europeu e brasileiro.
  • Palavras, significados e conceitos: o significado lexical na mente, na cultura e na sociedade
    Publication . Silva, Augusto Soares da
    Este estudo apresenta um mapa conceptual da Semântica Lexical e uma breve ilustração descritiva a partir de alguns dos nossos estudos de caso lexicológicos e semânticos do português. No quadro teórico da Linguística Cognitiva, argumentaremos sobre a natureza conceptual, dinâmica e enciclopédica do significado lexical a partir de três perspectivas interligadas: significado na mente (focando o fenómeno da polissemia), significado na cultura (evidenciando as especificidades culturais dos conceitos lexicais) e significado na sociedade (mostrando os significados sociais da variação lexical).
  • Gramática, cognição e sociedade: para uma gramática de significados, usos e variações
    Publication . Silva, Augusto Soares da
    This study aims to highlight the relationship between grammar, cognition and society, identifying cognitive and social processes applied to grammatical constructions in Portuguese and their correlations. First, we will characterize certain cognitive operations that play an important role in grammar and that make it an efficient conceptual structuring and communication system: construal (our ability to view, conceive and portray the same situation in alternate ways); objectivity vs. subjectivity (the construal of a scene as detached or not from the conceptualizer); prominence (the focusing of attention on some aspects of a situation); mental spaces (packages of encyclopedic knowledge built and evoked in the current discourse); and inferences about the speaker’s intended meanings. Then, we will show how these cognitive operations (which are common to language and other cognitive faculties, such as perception, attention, and memory) are configured and conditioned by sociocultural factors and communicative efficiency processes – hence the importance of intersubjectivity and cultural conceptualization, and the need for systematically including intralinguistic variation in grammar. The answer to the question of the correlation between cognitive processes and social processes in grammar is based on the cognitive science notion of social cognition and on multivariate and sociocognitive grammar models. A usage-based grammar implies a deconstruction of the linguistic system in favor of a view of language in its inevitable variability as a complex dynamic system and the construction of a multifactorial grammar model that may adequately unravel, through multivariate quantitative methods, the interplay between conceptual, structural and social factors. Finally, we will illustrate these principles of a grammar of meanings, uses and variations (in contrast with traditional perspective of a grammar of forms, structures and rules) with three studies on constructional variation in Portuguese. They are part of our sociocognitive and sociolectometrical research into convergence and divergence between European and Brazilian Portuguese: se constructions (reflexive, reciprocal, middle, anticausative, passive, impersonal) and the null se constructions; prepositional relative constructions and their chopping and resumptive counterparts; and the alternation between inflected and uninflected infinitival constructions.
  • Complexity, variation and meaning: an integrated view on language and cognition
    Publication . Silva, Augusto Soares da
    The complexity of the linguistic system, the variability of meaning and the interindividuality of human cognition are intimately related. By examining language in its effective usage, we cannot help but recognize its great variability and heterogeneity, and one must correlate social variation with conceptual variation. When investigating the variability of meaning, one cannot neglect sociolinguistic variation as one of the factors of this variability, and it becomes inevitable to meet the multidimensionality of meaning in the confluence of its social and conceptual dimensions and in the correlation among perception, action and interaction. Understanding cognition as socioculturally situated makes it inevitable to integrate the social, cultural and interactional aspects in the analysis not only of cognitive capacities in general but also of language. In this study, we attempt to articulate the idea of language as a complex dynamic system with the ascertainment of the intrinsic flexibility of linguistic meaning, which has prototypicality as one of its greater manifestations, and we identify the need for the integration of conceptual and social aspects of language and cognition. We follow the theoretical framework of Cognitive Linguistics, and we argue for the need of advanced multivariate methods that can adequately approach language as a complex dynamic system and a multidimensionality of linguistic meaning.