Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2025-07-15"
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- O (novo) dever de diligência e implicações jurídicas : em particular, na cadeia de valorPublication . Neto, Catarina Lopes de Avó Tomaz; Câmara, Paulo Câmara Pires dos SantosA urgência climática, a necessidade de proteger os direitos fundamentais e a falta de efetividade da soft law no âmbito do corporate governance, motivaram a União Europeia a colocar em prática os princípios e diretrizes definidos pelas Nações Unidas e pela OCDE. Na presente dissertação, abordaremos os deveres de diligência constituídos na esfera das empresas e as implicações dos mesmos na sua estratégia. Analisaremos tanto a contribuição positiva do cumprimento dos deveres de diligência nos direitos dos trabalhadores, no ambiente, nas gerações futuras e na sua criação de valor, bem como a contribuição negativa do incumprimento dos mesmos, nomeadamente por via da aplicação de sanções pecuniárias, responsabilidade civil ou ainda declarações públicas que acarretam um enorme custo reputacional.
- Assessment of maximum torque in implant-supported prostheses: a pilot laboratory studyPublication . Kaffashian, Mahoor; Fazaeli, Seyedfarzad; Fialho, Joana; Araújo, Filipe; Fonseca, Patrícia; Correia, AndréBackground/Objectives: the precise application of torque during prosthetic screw tightening is essential to the long-term success and mechanical stability of implant-supported restorations. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of practitioner experience, glove material, screwdriver length, and hand moisture on the maximum torque value (MTV) generated during manual tightening. Methods: thirty participants, comprising 10 experienced professors and 20 senior dental students, performed tightening tasks under six hand conditions (nitrile gloves, latex gloves, and bare hands, each in dry and wet environments) using two screwdriver lengths (21 mm and 27 mm). The torque values were measured using a calibrated digital torque meter, and the results were analyzed using a linear mixed model. Results: professors applied significantly higher torque than students (16.92 Ncm vs. 15.03 Ncm; p = 0.008). Nitrile gloves yielded the highest torque (17.11 Ncm), surpassing bare hands significantly (p = 0.003). No statistically significant differences were found for screwdriver length (p = 0.12) or hand moisture (p = 0.11). Conclusions: these findings underscore the importance of clinical proficiency and glove material in torque delivery, providing evidence-based insights to enhance procedural reliability and training standards in implant prosthodontics.
- The impact of educational gamification on cognition, emotions, and motivation: a randomized controlled trialPublication . Coelho, Franz; Rando, Belén; Aparício, David; Pontífice-Sousa, Patrícia; Gonçalves, Daniel; Abreu, Ana MariaThis study examines the impact of gamification on education using a novel gamified digital learning platform and a randomized controlled trial (RCT) protocol. Following established research guidelines (CONSORT, Cochrane Collaboration, EVAT©), we assessed the individual and combined effects of points, badges, and challenges against a control group without gamification. The RCT evaluated participant characteristics (sociodemographics, game habits, player traits) and outcomes in cognition (learning, engagement, webcam-based eye-tracking for visual attention, cognitive load), emotions (affective states, webcam-based facial emotion recognition), and motivation (intrinsic motivation). Results showed significantly higher learning for participants using all game elements versus the control group, while badges alone increased cognitive load compared to the other gamification groups. These findings suggest that gamification is more effective when thoughtfully integrating game elements rather than applying elements in isolation, aligning goal-setting with feedback, and combining intrinsic and extrinsic motivational cues. The absence of significant results in other variables may reflect the novelty effect, emphasizing the importance of aligning gamification with pedagogical goals, considering individual and contextual factors, and designing systems that address usability and long-term impact. Educational implications and design recommendations are provided.
- Predictors of therapeutic failure in GH and prolactin co-secreting pituitary adenomasPublication . Araujo-Castro, Marta; Biagetti, Betina; Menéndez, Edelmiro; Novoa-Testa, Iría; Cordido, Fernando; Berrocal, Víctor Rodríguez; Pascual-Corrales, Eider; Guerrero-Pérez, Fernando; Vicente, Almudena; García-Centeno, Rogelio; González, Laura; García, María Dolores Ollero; Echarri, Ana Irigaray; Rodríguez, María Dolores Moure; Novo-Rodríguez, Cristina; Calatayud, María; Villar-Taibo, Rocío; Bernabéu, Ignacio; Alvarez-Escola, Cristina; Jimenéz, Carmen Tenorio; Abellán-Galiana, Pablo; Venegas, Eva; González-Molero, Inmaculada; Iglesias, Pedro; Blanco, Concepción; Lara, Fernando Vidal Ostos de; Novoa, María Paz de Miguel; Torres, Elena López Mezquita; Hanzu, Felicia; Lamas, Cristina; Rodríguez, Silvia Aznar; Aulinas, Anna; Recio, José María; Aviles-Pérez, María Dolores; Núñez, Miguel Antonio Sampedro; Camara, Rosa; Fano, Miguel Paja; Fajardo, Carmen; Cardoso, Luís; Marques, Pedro; Martínez-Sáez, Elena; Ruz-Caracuel, Ignacio; Marazuela, Mónica; Puig-Domingo, ManelAim: To evaluate which factors are associated with a higher probability of failure to surgical and first-generation somatostatin receptor ligands (fgSRLs) treatment in patients with growth hormone and prolactin co-secreting pituitary adenomas (GH&PRL-PAs). Methods: Acromegaly patients with GH&PRL-PAs included in the ACRO-SPAIN study were enrolled. GH&PRL-PAs were defined as tumors with serum PRL levels above the upper limit of normal and positive immunostaining for GH and PRL, or with PRL levels ≥100 ng/mL when immunostaining data were not available. Results: A total of 126 acromegaly patients with GH&PRL-PAs who underwent transsphenoidal pituitary surgery were included, and 42.1% (n = 53) were biochemically cured at the immediate postoperative evaluation. Knosp grade >2 (odds ratio (OR) 3.48, 95% CI 1.28–9.38), higher serum GH (OR 1.01, 95% CI 1.01–1.08) and IGF-1 (OR 1.60, 95% CI 1.05–2.45) levels were associated with a lower probability of surgical cure. Sixty-eight patients received first-line medical therapy as follows: fgSRLs in monotherapy (n = 22), fgSRL plus cabergoline (n = 37), cabergoline in monotherapy (n = 7) and pegvisomant in monotherapy (n = 2). Among the cases treated with fgSRL in monotherapy, 18.2% (n = 4/22) were resistant. We identified as predictors of fgSRL resistance (in monotherapy and combined with cabergoline) a Knosp grade >2 (OR 8.75, P = 0.003), high GH levels at acromegaly diagnosis (OR 1.02, P = 0.031) and higher postoperative GH levels (OR 1.05, P = 0.006), but no predictors of response to fgSRL in monotherapy were identified. Conclusion: The clinical predictors of surgical failure and of fgSRL resistance in patients with GH&PRL-PAs are similar to those described in acromegaly without PRL, co-secretion.
- Corporate human rights : a critical examination of their role in serving transnational corporate powerPublication . Önel, Ediz Osman; Tavares, Maria Isabel Cantista de CastroTransnational Corporations (TNCs) as bearers of Human Rights (HRs) for the sake of corporate power? This work contributes to the relatively new discussion of Corporate Human Rights (CHRs) from the perspective of (mis)using HRs in the context of the ongoing power shift between TNCs and nation-states. To accomplish that, this work extends the examination from the narrow legal-theoretical perspective to economic and political implications. By investigating the legal and philosophical dispute over CHRs and the challenge nation-states face against the growing power of TNCs we can analyze the interplay between these two realms. At the latest, since X’s vocal stance for the right to free speech, this issue has been dragged out of the scientific discussion into the public. The implications for real political issues raise the question of whether CHRs pose an institution worth pursuing in international law. This work concludes, that first, international HRs are not meant to include corporations in their scope. Second, there is no satisfying justification for accepting CHRs especially because of the lack of necessity due to the enormous power TNCs have gained economically and politically. Third, establishing CHRs raises the risk of TNCs becoming more harmful to the public.
- A participação e a voz das crianças e jovens em situação de acolhimento em Portugal : a Casa Maria DrostePublication . Silva, Jéssica Ilma da Costa Farias; Cardoso, Maria Inês Lisboa GuerraThis study analyzes the participation and voice of children and young people in residential care in Portugal, highlighting their role as social actors and their agency in influencing their daily lives. Based on a socio-historical and legal framework, the research discusses the evolution of child protection policies and their impact on the autonomy and rights of young people under residential care measures. Through a study conducted at Casa Maria Droste, the opportunities for young residents to participate in decision-making processes affecting their lives are examined. The findings emphasize the importance of interventions that go beyond the mere management of daily care, ensuring a rights-based approach that values and promotes active participation.