Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2023-10-20"
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- As contribuições da segurança psicológica no desempenho de equipes : a percepção dos colaboradores de um banco no BrasilPublication . Andrade, Fernanda Christina Souza de; Oliveira, Maria Teresa Vieira deEste estudo focou-se em equipes que trabalham no Banco BV, 5º maior Banco privado do Brasil, conforme ranking do Banco Central Brasileiro. Foi investigada a contribuição da segurança psicológica para o desempenho das equipes, no comportamento de aprendizagem e como o estilo de liderança (servant leadership) pode auxiliar a segurança psicológica nesse ambiente. De acordo com a revisão da literatura, a ausência do medo em falar, participar e compartilhar ideias favorece o comportamento de Aprendizagem, o desempenho das equipes e um ambiente para buscar soluções, inovações e a antecipação a soluções para problemas futuros, ou seja, a segurança psicológica pode contribuir para o desempenho da equipe e para o sucesso da organização. Para aferir a contribuição da segurança psicológica no desempenho das equipes foi realizada uma investigação com uma amostra de 148 participantes, envolvendo líderes de equipes e colaboradores de diversos departamentos. Foi possível validar três hipóteses que relacionam a segurança psicológica com o desempenho da equipe, comportamento de aprendizagem e o estilo de liderança. Os dados resultantes da investigação demonstraram uma correlação positiva entre as variáveis analisadas, ou seja, quando aumenta a segurança psicológica das equipes há um impacto positivo no comportamento de aprendizagem e no desempenho das equipes. Além disso, observou-se que o estilo de liderança está correlacionado de forma positiva com a segurança psicológica. Esse estudo também apresenta informações sobre a segurança psicológica em equipes virtuais, a relação da confiança e vulnerabilidade para o desenvolvimento da segurança psicológica.
- Comércio por transmissão online aplicado ao e-commercePublication . Guerreiro, Sofia Frasquilho; Souto, Daniela Langaro da Silva doA evolução da tecnologia alterou diversas realidades, sendo a experiência de compra uma destas realidades. Por outro lado, a situação de pandemia mundial vivenciada associada à obrigatoriedade de confinamento, acelerou o processo de transformação digital das compras. Assim, desenvolve-se, mundialmente, a procura pela realização da tecnologia de compras online com Comércio por transmissão online. Com vista a avaliar esta tecnologia e a sua utilização recolhem-se dados através de inquérito junto a respondentes que tenham comprado produtos online nos últimos 6 meses e utiliza-se o modelo teórico de adoção de tecnologias (TAM). Foram recolhidas 164 respostas válidas. Facilidade de uso, a perceção da utilidade e prazer na utilização, são avaliados pelo efeito sobre a intenção de uso e satisfação. Conclui-se que a facilidade de uso influencia a satisfação com a experiência e a intenção de uso. Ocorre o mesmo com a perceção da utilidade e o prazer percebido. A satisfação com a experiência tem um impacto positivo na intenção de uso. São propostas implicações para a teoria e prática.
- Managing change in the era of Artificial Intelligence : the impact of communicating human-robot collaboration on informational justice and turnover intentionsPublication . Roesler, David; Almeida, Filipa deThe rise of Industry 4.0 is leading to the increasing integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and robots in the workplace, a change often associated with undesired emotional and behavioral responses, such as employee turnover. This study aims to understand how communication from different leadership positions, namely the CEO and the direct supervisor, can influence employee turnover intentions and perceptions of informational justice after being informed about the introduction of AI robot teammates. In addition, this study examines whether the timing of communication has a moderation effect. A quantitative research method was conducted to assess the effects and interactions between the independent and dependent variables using a survey with an experimental research design. The results indicate that informational justice significantly impacts employee turnover intentions. In contrast, no significant relationship was found between the source of communication on turnover intentions and informational justice and no moderation effect of the timing of the communication. However, the timing of communication was found to have a significant impact on informational justice. This study contributes to the growing literature on human-robot collaboration and provides valuable insights on relevant communication factors in organizational change to mitigate employee concerns and turnover intentions in the face of technological advancements.
- Solidarity typologies in dynamics between portuguese emigrants and their parentsPublication . Barros, Carlos; Carvalho, Jennifer McGarrigle; Santos, Ana Sofia; Albert, Isabelle; Murdock, ElkeMotivations for migratory movements tend to be contextualised at an individual level and refer to opportunities related to the country of destination. In the Portuguese context, this view is increasingly limited when we analyse the emigration of young adults since this process directly involves family figures in the country of origin, as they tend to be the first source of support. This paper aims to explore the dimensions of intergenerational solidarity, analysing conflict as transversal dimension and the presence of ambivalence, for a proposal of behaviour typologies in Portuguese transnational families. Using a qualitative approach, young Portuguese adults who emigrated in the European space and Schengen area (N = 22) were interviewed addressing questions about their migratory projects, as well as their dynamics with their parents in Portugal. A thematic analysis was carried out with the support of the NVivo software. The results indicate four behaviour typologies: (1) high cohesion and dependence, (2) full solidarity tested with resilience, (3) affective and functional solidarities, with normative and value divergences, and (4) no solidarity and irreconcilable differences. The findings suggest the impact of intergenerational norms and values, as they may be at the origin of communicational patterns that increase well-being and resilience in migration projects.
- The key success factors for green tech startups : the case study of WiseairPublication . Foradori, Elena; Bicho, MartaIn recent years, climate change has become an issue of utmost importance that has attracted global attention in an effort to find solutions to a problem that cannot be longer ignored. Comprehensive and integrated strategies that concurrently tackle social, economic, and environmental repercussions are required for immediate action. Technological innovation is a primary route for the elaboration of solutions that can strike a balance between the objectives of economic growth and sustainability. This dissertation analyzes the success story of Wiseair, an Italian-based green tech startup engaged in enhancing air quality through innovative and cutting-edge technologies. Through the examination of this the case-study, the research investigates how multiple external and internal factors, as presented in the theoretical framework, have contributed to the company’s achievements. The findings offer valuable insights for a deeper understanding of how a green startup like Wiseair was able to effectively navigate the challenges and opportunities presented by its operational environment, leading to its noteworthy success in the sustainability sector.
- The role of transparency in AI systems on human idea evaluation processesPublication . Hessing, Nicolai; Lettl, Christopherhe evaluation of innovative ideas is a key process for successful new product development (NPD), which traditionally relies on human input. The rise of big data has introduced artificial intelligence (AI) as a new promising source of idea evaluation. Characterized by enhanced analytical power, heightened predictive accuracy, and advanced learning capabilities, AI emerges as an efficient alternative to human intelligence and has the potential to revolutionize the entire innovation process. Nonetheless, the intricate nature of AI systems also raises concerns about their trustworthiness and accountability, thereby underscoring the need for enhanced transparency. However, there is ambiguity concerning the potential implications of enhanced transparency in AI systems for human decision-making processes (e.g., idea evaluations). This thesis investigates the impact of enhanced transparency in AI systems on entrepreneurs' inclination to utilize AI advice within the context of idea evaluation processes. Furthermore, potential moderating effects of confidence and familiarity with AI are examined. Data derived from an experimental survey encompassing 366 entrepreneurs is examined employing the Judge-Advisor System (JAS). The findings reveal a significant positive relationship between the degree of transparency in AI systems and AI advice utilization. The relationship is moderated moderately by the level of familiarity with AI and surprisingly not moderated by the level of confidence in the entrepreneurs' own evaluation.
- From gas to electricity : institutional innovation in the German automotive industryPublication . Schaaf, Elena; Reischauer, GeorgThe shift of the German automotive industry toward electric mobility is a multi-faceted transition. This research aims to uncover the shift’s triggers by examining actors, field- configuring events and exogenous jolts of the past decade through the lens of institutional theory, empirically building upon expert interviews and grey literature. Because the industry comprises deeply entrenched institutions, these present obstacles to change and underscored the slow shift among German manufacturers. Their worldwide renowned expertise in internal combustion engines and economic success bound them within a golden cage. Germany's economic dependence on industry allowed them political influence. Findings revealed that a combination of political, economic and social factors acted as triggers. Foremost, fleet emission regulations pushed manufacturers toward electric vehicles, specifically as the diesel scandal dismantled the diesel engine's institutional dominance. Simultaneously, the threat of losing the Chinese market and increasing competition put pressure on the manufacturers. Consumer adoption grew and amplified awareness of climate change due to a social movement, financial incentives, advancing technology, increasing car models, and improved charging infrastructure. The occurring institutional innovation was not spurred by radical innovation but by an interplay of sudden, as well as incremental developments. It is reshaping institutionalized practices and has introduced opportunities for novel business models, reflecting the evolving landscape of mobility.
- The strategic role of chief financial officers in the transition to circular business models : striking a balance between strategic leadership and financial performancePublication . Zach, Sina; Kvålshaugen, RagnhildThis thesis examines the sociodemographic traits of CFOs that facilitate the shift to circular business models in their firms. The study draws on the Upper Echelons Theory, which explores how top management values impact strategic decisions. Employing both qualitative and quantitative methods, the research validates hypotheses regarding sociodemographic traits. Data was collected from 97 CFOs in circular economy-supporting companies. Expert interviews provide qualitative validation for the empirical results and uncover additional influential factors. Findings reveal a positive link between younger CFOs and circular model adoption, as well as those with less formal education (bachelor's degrees). Older CFOs might inadvertently hinder transitions and should address this awareness gap. The interviews suggest that willingness to learn in this domain is crucial, hinting at the growing importance of formal sustainability education. Continuous learning in sustainability, especially circular economy, is vital for CFOs to grasp and navigate the benefits and challenges highlighted here. The impact of CFO tenure varies between the quantitative (positive) and qualitative (negative) study. Moreover, unobservable psychological traits in CFOs appear to positively affect circular model adoption, warranting further exploration.
- Bio-based superabsorbent hydrogels for nutrient-controlled releasePublication . Ribeiro, Alessandra B.; Moreira, Helena; Pereira, Sofia I. A.; Godinho, Mariana; Castro, Paula; Pereira, Carla F.; Casanova, Francisca; Freixo, Ricardo; Pintado, Manuela E.; Ramos, Óscar L.The drought is characterized by a low water precipitation rate, with strong impact on the crop productivity, threaten global food production. In this context, the use of soil amendments, such as superabsorbent hydrogels constitute a potential technology for water use efficiency and increase crop yields. In this work, it was synthesised a cellulose-based hydrogel, carrying out its characterisation, evaluated its environmental safety and its potential to be used as a soil amendment. The hydrogel was successfully synthesised using a simple process and inexpensive reagents. The hydrogel showed pH of 6.0 to 7.5 and conductivity below 10.0 µS cm-1. The FTIR showed a low intensity peak in the crystallinity region, which was supported by the low crystallinity index (27.3 % ± 0.6) verified by PXRD analysis. The swelling capacity reached more than 200 g of water, the hydrogel showed good resistance to osmotic pressure and high thermostability, which favours the application in hot and arid areas. Regarding the safety evaluation, no potentially hazardous compound was detected, nor was there any adverse effect on soil microrganisms. In addition, the hydrogel was found to be safe for use during sowing and for promoting seedling development. In the green pot experiment, the hydrogel demonstrated a significant increase in maize biomass, root biomass and potential to serve as a reservoir for soil nutrients. In conclusion, the superabsorbent hydrogel exhibited promising characteristics for use as a soil amendment, scalability potential and constitutes a sustainable alternative for agricultural applications.
- Which supply chain adaptations in the manufacturing industry are required moving forward in the face of uncertain market conditions?Publication . Hauschild, Paul Robert; Lunnan, RandiIn this research, the transformation and adaptability of supply chains within the manufacturing sector amidst volatile market conditions are meticulously examined. Utilizing an exploratory methodology, secondary data sources facilitated a qualitative appraisal of the supply chain management of three automotive entities, contextualized against the backdrop of the unprecedented disruption from the Covid-19 pandemic. Drawing upon the Resource-Based View and Transaction Cost Theory, the supply chain management practices of these automotive enterprises were scrutinized. The findings underscore that, given the escalating unpredictability of the global landscape, there's a pronounced propensity for companies to gravitate towards greater internalization in production and exerting dominance over pivotal supply chain segments, such as battery cell production. Vertical integration emerges as a strategic alternative against potential upheavals, bestowing upon manufacturers a modicum of steadiness in an otherwise capricious environment. The trajectory towards heightened vertical integration is anticipated to not only persist but intensify in the ensuing era. This research proffers invaluable perspectives for supply chain management within the manufacturing realm, aiming to adeptly steer and adapt to the evolving contours of the sector.