Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2022-11-09"
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- The FEDs monetary policies during the COVID-19 pandemic and their redistributive effectPublication . Kierse, Julius Clemens; Alves, André AzevedoTriggered by the COVID-19 pandemic, the U.S. Federal Reserve Bank implemented historically drastic monetary policies not only to ensure smooth and functioning market operations but also as a means to enable the U.S government to hand out fiscal relief packages worth trillions. Therefore, it is interesting to see if these monetary, fiscal, and regulatory interventions had a significant redistributive effect. For that, official market data and monetary data from the Federal Reserve of St. Louis were evaluated and analysed with the application of the theory of the Cantillon effect. While the Cantillon effect holds up, the different indicators show a redistributive effect but of which, not all can be explained by the Cantillon effect. It appears that the high PCE inflation is instead a mixture of shortages and fiscal spending, while the asset price inflation is where the Cantillon effect can easily be recognised today.
- The photographer photographed: a conversation with Jean MohrPublication . Ross, Reuben ConnollyThe Swiss photographer Jean Mohr, who died in November 2018 at the age of 93, is well known for his long career documenting the plight of the displaced and dispossessed. Especially noteworthy are his collaborations with major intellectual figures, through which he experimented with the construction of visual narratives. His celebrated books with John Berger include *A Fortunate Man*, an intimate portrait of an English country doctor, and A Seventh Man, a meditation on migrant labour in 1970s Europe; with Edward Said, he published After the Last Sky, a reflection on Palestinian life through the fusion of text and photography. Partially based on a short interview conducted with Mohr in early 2018, this paper reflects on his life and work, taking the reader on a journey mediated by our conversation. In particular, I explore the development of his unique approach to photography and the experimental construction of visual narratives. In so doing, I argue that Mohr’s work offers social scientists, particularly those engaged in studying processes of migration or zones of conflict, ways of constructing more effective, more engaged, and more experiential accounts of complex social realities.
- UN climate action : why are COPs failing to deliver : from COP 26 towards an ecocentric futurePublication . Barroco , Leonor Belo; Sampaio, NunoThe need for reconciliation between human beings and nature has been identified by the Secretary General of the United Nations as the great challenge of the 21st century (Guterres, 2020f, para. 1). This dissertation focuses on the most recent moment of climate negotiations within the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), the 26th Conference of the Parties on Climate Change in Glasgow (COP 26). An attempt is made to understand why 26 COPs have not led to a decrease in global greenhouse gas emissions. This dissertation opens with a brief contextualisation of some of the most impactful documents in the debate on sustainability and climate action. The historical contextualization is useful to understand the foundations that characterize climate negotiations within the UNFCCC. The assessment of the Glasgow Climate Pact (Conference of Parties 26, 2021) leads to the identification of the most recent advances in the area of climate action, particularly as it was the first final document generated by a COP that refers to the need to phase down coal and abandon subsidies to fossil fuels. However, the analysis of COP 26 would not be fruitful without the analysis of the voices that criticised it the most and whose inputs diagnose its main weaknesses: institutional inertia, fossil fuel lobbies and the subscription to the idea of green growth. A prescriptive closing chapter seeks to present an epistemological alternative to the weaknesses of the UNFCCC. From an anthropocentric approach to climate action, a transition to an ecocentric approach, founded on Arne Naess' Deep Ecology (Naess, 2008) theory, is proposed. It is suggested that building climate negotiating institutions capable of meeting the challenges of the 21st century and the needs of future generations is only possible through an ecocentric education.
- A reintegração do trabalhador despedido ilicitamente : a efetividade da soluçãoPublication . Ferrinho, Beatriz Calão; Vasconcelos, Joana Maria de Vallera de Macedo Pinto e
- Chitosan nanoparticles as bioactive vehicles for textile dyeing: a proof of conceptPublication . Costa, Eduardo M.; Silva, Sara; Machado, Manuela; Sousa, Sérgio C.; Tavaria, Freni K.; Pintado, ManuelaIn recent years bioactive textiles have risen to the forefront of consumers perception due to their potential protection against virus, fungi and bacteria. However, traditional textile staining is an eco-damaging process that and current methods of textile functionalization are expensive, complicated and with great environmental impact. With that in mind, this work sought to show a possible solution for this problematic through the usage of a novel one step textile dyeing and functionalization method based upon nanoencapsulated textile dyes (NTDs). To do so navy blue everzol NTDs were produced with chitosan, cotton dyed, characterized through FTIR and SEM and biological potential evaluated through biocompatibility screening and antimicrobial activity against skin pathogens. The data obtained showed that NTDs effectively dyed the target textile through a coating of the cotton fibre and that NTDs formed hydrogen bonds with the cellulose fibre via electrostatic interactions of the chitosan amino groups with cotton sulphate groups. From a biocompatibility perspective NTDs dyed cotton had no deleterious effects upon a skin cell line, as it promoted cellular metabolism of HaCat cells, while traditionally died cotton reduced it by 10%. Last but not least, NTDs dyed cotton showed significant antimicrobial activity as it reduced viable counts of MRSA, MSSA and A. baumannii between 1 and 2 log of CFU while traditional dyed cotton had no antimicrobial activity. Considering these results the novel method proposed shows is a viable and ecological alternative for the development of antimicrobial textiles with potential biomedical applications.
- Time or money : do working time mismatch, income, and materialism interact to affect Subjective well-being?Publication . Kreft, Nils Robert; Almeida, Maria Leonor Maciel dos SantosPersonal preferences, and the degree to which they are met, can have strong effects on one’s well-being. To further develop the scientific literature in this field the current study examined the relationships of the variables working time mismatch, income, and materialism with subjective well-being and gave insights into the way in which working time mismatch interacts with income and materialism in predicting subjective well-being. For a sample of 240 European employees from the third industrial sector, most of them from Germany, a multiple regression model revealed significant negative effects of working time mismatch on both life satisfaction and emotional well-being, whereas materialism was only negatively associated with life satisfaction. Income positively predicted life satisfaction but did not have a significant relationship with emotional well-being either. Additionally, moderation analyses showed no significant interactions between working time mismatch and materialism nor income. However, probing of the interaction showed a conspicuous pattern in the relationship between working time mismatch, income, and emotional well-being, which indicates a potential relationship between the variables and requires further research. The findings can be used to aid in individual, organizational, and political decision-making to improve personal and social well-being.
- «Oh noite ditosa, em que o céu se une à terra» : uma leitura da dimensão cósmica do Exultet e da Vigília pascalPublication . Rodrigues, Pedro Ferreira de Almeida e Gonçalves; Carvalho, Joaquim Augusto Félix deProcurando explorar os elementos cósmicos que contribuíram para formar a celebração da Páscoa, o presente estudo inicia-se com a apresentação das etapas, entre 1951 e 1969, pelas quais a Santa Sé procedeu à restauração da Vigília pascal e da Semana Santa, até ao reconhecimento formal do Tríduo pascal como celebração mais importante do ano litúrgico. Além disso, pelo estudo compreensivo dos rolos medievais do Exultet da Itália meridional, conhece-se um fenómeno histórico único da liturgia pascal, sendo ocasião para expor detalhadamente a origem do texto do Precónio. Finalmente, pela análise da dimensão cósmica do laus cerei e da Páscoa, é possível compreender o papel da primavera, do equinócio vernal, da lua cheia e da noite, na formação do sentido e do plano simbólico da celebração pascal.
- Freeze-drying processes applied to melon rinds to attain a value-added food ingredientPublication . Brandão, Teresa R. S.; Sroy, Sengly; Fundo, Joana F.; Silva, Cristina L. M.; Miller, Fátima A.
- Protein concentrates from edible insect tenebrio molitor: development of extraction methods and techno-functional characterizationPublication . Ribeiro, José Carlos; Coscueta, Ezequiel; Pintado, Manuela Esteves; Cunha, Luís MiguelThe goals of this work were to develop extraction techniques that allowed us to obtain protein concentrates from the edible insect Tenebrio molitor larvae, with high protein purity as well as good techno-functional characteristics. Two different protein extraction methods were developed, based on isoelectric point precipitation or membrane ultrafiltration. For both methods, dried T. molitor larvae was defatted with the Soxhlet method with ethanol as a solvent. The defatted fraction was then homogenized in a NaOH solution with the homogenate being recovered and centrifuged.. The supernatant (S) and the pellet fractions were recovered. For the isoelectric point precipitation method, the recovered supernatant pH was modified to 4.546 and the precipitate was centrifuged at 5000 rpm for 30 minutes at 4ºC. The pellet fraction was freeze-dried (IP). For the membrane ultrafiltration, the supernatant was filtrated with a 50 kDa membrane with the retained (> 50 kDa) and filtered (< 50 kDa) being recovered and freeze-dried. The fractions were characterized in respect protein recovery related to defatted sample, protein content, protein profile (SDS-PAGE and FPLC) and techno-functional properties (color, foaming properties, water/oil absorption capacities and emulsifying properties). Both the IP and the > 50 kDa fraction had protein contents above 80% while the 50 kDa only attained a protein recovery rate of 31% and 32% respectively. Concerning the protein profiles, the >50 kDa fraction had a very similar profile to the supernatant, while the IP fraction was composed by protein with higher molecular weight. The >50 kDa fraction had higher L* (lightness) and b* (yellowness) color than the IP fraction or the defatted or oven-dried samples. Additionally, the samples presented better techno-functional properties than the dried or defatted sample and the >50 kDa fraction had better properties than commercial protein concentrates (whey protein or pea protein). Protein extraction method based on ultrafiltration led to a protein concentrate with high purity and acceptable techno-functional properties, and can function as an alternative to the more common method based on isoelectric point precipitation.
- Os ministérios laicais : uma sistematização teológico-pastoral a partir do Concílio Vaticano II e do magistério recentePublication . Soares, Hélio Jorge da Silva; Eleutério, João José Marques«Hoje, de uma forma particular, a prioritária tarefa pastoral da nova evangelização, que diz respeito a todo o Povo de Deus e postula um novo ardor, novos métodos e uma nova expressão para o anúncio e o testemunho do Evangelho, exige sacerdotes [e leigos]1 , radical e integralmente imersos no mistério de Cristo, e capazes de realizar um novo estilo de vida pastoral» (PDV 18). Partindo da Sagrada Escritura e do Magistério do Concílio Vaticano II e posterior, esta dissertação procura recordar e apresentar os elementos doutrinais que são fundamentais e que estão no centro da identidade e missão dos ministérios laicais. No atual clima cultural e eclesial convém recordar a identidade e missão dos ministérios laicais, porque ajudam a aprofundar o significado dos mesmos e do sacerdócio batismal bem como a sua íntima união com Cristo.