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- Why companies in the food industry invest in CSR : the case of Mars, IncorporatedPublication . Grazka, Joanna; Léglise, LaureThe purpose of this thesis is to analyze the motives of the companies to invest in various CSR practices in the food industry. The study has applied a qualitative and explorative research approach. A single case study is used based on both primary and secondary data. Primary sources include one in-depth interview with a company’s representative, while secondary ones consist of thirteen interviews in addition to company’s documents. The company studied is Mars, Incorporated, one of the global leaders in confectionary and pet care segments with over 33 million dollars of annual sales. The study outlines multiple CSR practices implemented by Mars, Inc. in four different areas. Based on this, the incentives for the company to involve in the identified activities were recognized. While previous studies were focused on CSR influence on companies generally, this research is specified in the food industry. It contributes to the managerial practice by determining which CSR investments can positively influence company’s situation.
- Turning meals to digital : Levoo : market strategy and impact on the consumer habitsPublication . Pinto, Rita Rego da Silva Pesqueira; Celeste, Pedro Manuel Amador RodriguesThe main objective of this thesis is to understand the responsiveness of people regarding Levoo, a new app launched in Portugal. The new app which was launched in 2016 promises to be a revolutionary app in Portugal, helping people saving time in their lives, giving to them the chance of order their meals via app and after receiving an alert in their smartphones to pick up the meal in the restaurant they chose. In order to understand the responsiveness and the best way to promote the app to the customers, some primary and secondary data were done. Firstly, Literature Review was collected in order to get more close to the subject. Secondly, an interview to the company was made as also a continuously touch to them during the entire thesis. Then, some primary data was collected with market research, in order to prove some secondary data collected, but also to extract some insights that helps to understand the behaviour of the people about Levoo. To conclude, it was possible to understand that the possible clients were able to download and use the new app. However, more studies can be done in order to get more conclusions and information. Once, due to the time and way that survey was distributed (mainly via social networks) there was a bias regarding ages and also the gender of the respondents.
- How does a firm choose a new geographical market?Publication . Lopes, Fernão Delerue Couceiro Couto; Léglise, LaureThe purpose of this dissertation is to discuss how a firm chooses a new geographical market. To answer this research question, we conducted a qualitative study with a case study approach. The company studied was A Poveira, a Portuguese fish cannery. We use mostly primary type of data, using semi-structured interviews as the main source. Nonetheless, we also use secondary type of data and direct observation to collect additional data. The findings show that many theories discussed in the literature review were verified in the case of our company, while others were rejected. It was also possible to rank the importance of the criteria used by the company to choose a new geographical market and the connection among the different criterions. The cultural barriers are often heavy and costly; however they are not sufficient to make a market inviable since the company has the ability to overcome them. The political and legal systems might also affect the decision of choosing a new geographical. However, factors such as previous experience, network and economic attractiveness of the host market are more critical in the choice of a new geographical market. Finally, factors such as language or geographic distance have little or none weight in that decision.
- The efficiency of the mechanisms to detect money laundering in the banking systemPublication . Condessa, Rebeca Marta; Ramus, Tommaso; Guedes , José Filipe CorrêaIn the recent years, money laundering has become one of the most discussed topics on social media. The role of the banking system in the prevention and detection of money laundering is crucial, since the introduction of illicit funds in the financial system is usually done through banks. Focusing on the mechanisms adopted by a relevant bank in Portugal and on the national and international legislations and standards, I find that the Portuguese Anti-Money Laundering system might be losing value due to an unclear and undetailed regulation that often results in sanctions to the subject entities and considerably reduces the efficiency of the Anti-Money Laundering system. I defend that money laundering should not be simply treated as an additional risk for risk management purposes of banks and should not be a source of competitive advantage to strategically surpass competitors through confidential risk models. I suggest an intensive analysis culminating on the standardization of the referred mechanisms, aiming at generating a benefit to society rather than a competitive advantage to individual banks. The aforementioned standardization should be built upon the best practices currently tackling the threat of money laundering in the banking system.
- Cultural distance impact on internationalization processPublication . Sfar, Ines; Leglise, LaureThis research is part of work related to international business development, specifically the national culture differences’ impact on internationalization decision making and managerial strategies used for the expansion. Through qualitative research, a case study approach was used on France Loisirs, a company that decided to expand its business operations only in French-speaking countries. The main research question to be addressed is the following: In what ways does cultural distance influence the internationalization process? We approached the process of analyzing the head question by gathering theoretical research and conducting semi structured interviews answering the following sub-research questions: How does cultural distance impact the decision making? How does cultural distance impact the implementation stage? And how does cultural distance impact the business success? The study’s research concludes that in fact national culture interferes on different levels of internationalization and shapes the way companies decide their expansion. Language similarity reveals to be a leading variable in psychic distance which impacts the firm’s internationalization strategy, market selection and constrains product adaptation to local demand.
- Unlearning within accelerators : how and what nascent ventures unlearn and whyPublication . Steinhardt, Jasmin; Costa, Cláudia Isabel de SousaO estudo investiga startups que participaram em programas de aceleração e olha para fatores que afetam o sucesso da startup. Especificamente, este trabalho apurou que a desaprendizagem que ocorre dentro das aceleradoras é crucial para a aprendizagem do empreendedor. Os resultados negativos de empreendedores anteriores não mostraram um impacto significativo na desaprendizagem. Além disso, analisou que o empreendimento pode aumentar sua tecnologia, mercado e especificamente no conhecimento empresarial. A tecnologia e o conhecimento empresarial foram identificados para melhorar os resultados dos empreendimentos de forma notável. Por isso, foram estabelecidas duas amostras investigadas dentro de um estudo empírico qualitativo e um quantitativo que derivam da aceleradora Building Global Innovators e de diversos aceleradores de startups da Websummit.
- Os conhecimentos das crianças sobre os seus direitosPublication . Azevedo, Catarina Menéres Costa de; Ribeiro, CatarinaAo longo do século XX e início do século XXI surge o ideal de que a criança deve poder ter determinados direitos inalienáveis e que todas as instituições de uma sociedade moderna devem contribuir para este ideal (COMPASS, 2016). Este estudo no âmbito dos direitos da criança, visa compreender as representações e os conhecimentos sobre os seus direitos, perceber que direitos as crianças constroem como relevantes, para além dos que já existem, e compreender de que modo os direitos são percecionados pelas mesmas. Para responder aos objetivos propostos, analisou-se o discurso de cinco crianças. No final, foram construídos como relevantes direitos relacionados com interesses individuais e de lazer, necessidades básicas e direitos relativos à educação.
- Impacto do burnout nos níveis de agressividade e de saúde mental dos profissionais em contexto psiquiátricoPublication . Martins, Natacha Antónia de Sousa; Costa, Eleonora Cunha Veiga; Ferreira, Domingos Júlio Gomes AlvesO burnout tem implicações diretas nos níveis de agressividade e de saúde mental do indivíduo. Desta forma, a investigação nesta área torna-se fulcral dado que se trata de uma síndrome incapacitante que prejudica o individuo nas diversas áreas da sua vida, tendo também repercussões ao nível do local de trabalho onde esta inserido. Neste sentido, o presente estudo pretendeu verificar o impacto do burnout nos níveis de agressividade e de saúde mental dos indivíduos que trabalham em contexto psiquiátrico. A amostra deste estudo foi constituída por 114 profissionais da área da saúde na Casa de Saúde do Bom Jesus, em Braga e em contato direto com as pessoas assistidas da respetiva instituição. Os instrumentos utilizados para esta investigação foram, para além do questionário sociodemográfico, o Maslach Burnout Inventory – Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS) (Maslach & Jackson, 1981; versão portuguesa adaptada por Sá, 2002), para avaliar os níveis de burnout nas suas três dimensões, o Aggression Questionnaire (AQ) (Buss & Perry, 1992; versão portuguesa adaptada por Rego, 2005) para avaliação da agressividade e o Inventário de Saúde Mental (MHI-5) (WHO, 1948; versão Portuguesa adaptada por Pais-Ribeiro, 2001) para avaliação dos níveis de saúde mental. Os resultados obtidos apontam para a existência de relação entre as três dimensões do burnout, os índices de agressividade e os níveis de saúde mental dos sujeitos participantes no estudo. Verificou-se também a existência de uma diferença estatisticamente significativa entre a subescala bem-estar e a variável tempo de serviço na instituição. Da mesma forma, foi possível observar uma diferença estatisticamente significativa entre a subescala agressividade física e a subescala raiva quanto ao estado civil, revelando resultados mais elevados nos participantes casados relativamente à agressividade física e à raiva. Verificamos de igual modo que existe significância estatística relativamente à agressividade entre os participantes com e sem filhos, evidenciando resultados mais elevados nos participantes com filhos. Relativamente aos níveis de burnout nas suas três dimensões (exaustão emocional, despersonalização e realização pessoal) e aos índices de saúde mental (distress e bem-estar), não foi revelada significância estatística.
- Do cohorts accelerate? : startups accelerators and unentrepreneurial learningPublication . Garcia, Duarte João Machado; Costa, Cláudia Isabel de SousaStartups are responsible for bringing ideas to life, disrupting industries. They shape our future, from the way life is lived, to the way economy is organized. To help startups through the early stages, accelerators were created offering cohorts education, mentorship and funds during a short acceleration program, that culminates with a pitch to an audience of investors. Prior research has defined what differs accelerators from other incubator mechanisms, but little is known about which factors accelerate startups. It seems obvious that working in cohorts allow accelerators to save resources. What is less obvious is that working in cohorts may in fact accelerate startups learning process. We inductively investigate the effect of working in cohorts on the acceleration process. Literature defines cohort as startups that enter, participate and exit the same Acceleration Program at the same time. After this thesis, we define cohort as groups of startups that not only improve self-performance through knowledge sharing, but also support each other throughout the program. We interviewed twelve accelerated startups. Data showed two cohorts characteristics which contribute to the acceleration process. First, the competitive environment strengthens time and peer pressure and the need to compete for limited resources. Second, we found evidence of a community spirit among cohort peers: teams trusted and supported each other. This friendly environment facilitates information sharing between teams: benchmarking best practices, avoid mistakes and develop solutions to common problems. Finally, we found evidence that accelerator’s managers are responsible for fostering both competitive and cooperative environment within the program.
- Internationalization strategies in the service industry : a case study of Profirst InternationalPublication . Corbion, Harold Patrick A. Pirlot de; Leglise, LaureThis dissertation explores the internationalization of a service company. It also observes the different internationalization theories with an emphasis on the network perspective. The main goal of this research is to understand why networks can help small and medium enterprises when they are internationalizing. First, the study is built on data collected from four in-‐depth interviews and participant observation of a Belgian company, Profirst International. We also collected internal documentation to use secondary data. The results of this dissertation demonstrate that networks are used to access new resources and identify opportunities. Additionally, some types of company need to have an extensive network for their corporate identity. Finally, network relationships related to social capital are essential to expand internationally. Overall, the findings reflect that networks are one attribute that international companies must possess.
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