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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
O nosso estudo pretende argumentar a aplicabilidade da Musicoterapia em crianças com Espectro do Autismo, considerando-a como um meio facilitador de socialização e integração e contribuindo para a reabilitação psicossocial destas crianças.
Refletindo sobre uma breve visão histórica desta terapia, e ponderando o trabalho
de um musicoterapeuta, é nosso objetivo perceber de que forma a Musicoterapia
promove o desenvolvimento físico, mental, social e cognitivo nas crianças com
Perturbação de Espectro do Autismo.
A música, cujo efeito sobre a mente é inegável, e é muito utilizada em técnicas de
relaxamento, apresenta a vantagem de ser muito apreciada pelas crianças com
perturbação do espectro do autismo e por isso a musicoterapia é uma técnica de
aproximação a estas crianças. As experiências musicais que permitem uma participação
activa (ver, ouvir, tocar) favorecem o desenvolvimento dos sentidos das crianças. Ao
trabalhar com os sons, ela desenvolve acuidade auditiva; ao acompanhar gestos ou
dançar, ela trabalha a coordenação motora, o ritmo e a atenção; ao cantar ou imitar sons,
ela descobre as suas capacidades e estabelece relações com o ambiente em que vive.
A metodologia de investigação utilizada é de natureza qualitativa, e a amostragem
de conveniência é composta por uma criança, recorrendo a um estudo de caso, com
diagnóstico de Perturbação do Espectro do Autismo, a frequentar o Jardim de Infância
com idade de 7 anos.
Para a obtenção de informações recorremos à aplicação de diferentes técnicas
(análise documental, entrevistas, e observação participante) e instrumentos (fichas de
anamnese, registo directo) de recolha e análise de dados.
Relativamente aos resultados obtidos, estes permitem-nos concluir que a longo
prazo, a Musicoterapia desempenha, de facto, um papel activo, facilitador da construção
de relações sociais nas crianças com diagnóstico de Perturbações do Espectro do
Autismo.
Our study intends to argue the applicability of music therapy in children withAutism Spectrum Disorder, considering it as an enabler of socialization, integration and contributing to the psychosocial rehabilitation of these children. Reflecting on a brief historical overview of this therapy, and considering the work of a music therapist, our goal is to understand how Music Therapy promotes the physical, mental, social and cognitive development in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Music, which has an undeniable effect on the mind and is therefore constantly applied in relaxation techniques, is very appreciated by autistic children which makes of music therapy the perfect approach to these children. By working with sound, the autistic child is able to develop hearing acuity, by accompanying gestures or dancing the child develops capabilities in the areas of motor coordination and attention; and finally, by singing or imitating sounds the child discovers her own capabilities and learns how to interact with the surrounding world. The research methodology used is qualitative in nature, and a convenience sample is composed of a child, using a case study with a diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder, to attend the kindergarten at the age of 7 years. To obtain information, different techniques are applied (document analysis, interviews, and participant observation) with specific instruments to collect and analyze data (index history, register direct). Regarding the results, these allow us to conclude that the long-term music therapy plays in fact an active role in facilitating the construction of social relations in children diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorders.
Our study intends to argue the applicability of music therapy in children withAutism Spectrum Disorder, considering it as an enabler of socialization, integration and contributing to the psychosocial rehabilitation of these children. Reflecting on a brief historical overview of this therapy, and considering the work of a music therapist, our goal is to understand how Music Therapy promotes the physical, mental, social and cognitive development in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Music, which has an undeniable effect on the mind and is therefore constantly applied in relaxation techniques, is very appreciated by autistic children which makes of music therapy the perfect approach to these children. By working with sound, the autistic child is able to develop hearing acuity, by accompanying gestures or dancing the child develops capabilities in the areas of motor coordination and attention; and finally, by singing or imitating sounds the child discovers her own capabilities and learns how to interact with the surrounding world. The research methodology used is qualitative in nature, and a convenience sample is composed of a child, using a case study with a diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder, to attend the kindergarten at the age of 7 years. To obtain information, different techniques are applied (document analysis, interviews, and participant observation) with specific instruments to collect and analyze data (index history, register direct). Regarding the results, these allow us to conclude that the long-term music therapy plays in fact an active role in facilitating the construction of social relations in children diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorders.
Description
Keywords
Musicoterapia Perturbação do espectro do autismo Intervenção precoce Music therapy Autism spectrum disorder Early intervention