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O princípio do descanso semanal tem um extenso leque de fundamentos que expressam a sua essencialidade, principalmente para a segurança e saúde de todos os trabalhadores. Tendo em conta a penosidade acrescida do trabalho por turnos, mormente os turnos rotativos, o dia em que recai é um aspeto de extrema relevância, para a recuperação física e psicológica destes trabalhadores, como também para a sua inclusão nos eventos sociais e para garantir a sua presença no seio familiar. Por outro lado, o tema em apreço, o regime do descanso semanal no trabalho por turnos, tem sido amplamente discutido e tingido de discordância desde os anos 60. Mais recentemente, a controvérsia reacendeu-se em consequência da decisão do TJ no âmbito do Caso Maio Marques da Rosa, importando apreciar o seu impacto na Ordem Jurídica interna. Nestes termos, pretende-se, no presente estudo, analisar a evolução histórica do regime do descanso semanal no trabalho por turnos, a nível legislativo, doutrinal e jurisprudencial, até aos dias de hoje, com particular ênfase na decisão do TJ e respetiva interpretação por parte dos tribunais portugueses.
The principle of weekly rest has an extensive range of fundamentals that express its essentiality, mainly for the safety and health of all workers. Bearing in mind the increased hardship of shift work, especially rotating shifts, the day it falls on is an extremely relevant aspect, for the physical and psychological recovery of these workers, as well as for their inclusion in social events and to guarantee their presence within the family. On the other hand, the subject under consideration, the regime of weekly rest in shift work, has been widely discussed and tinged with disagreement since the 1960s. More recently, the controversy has reignited as a result of the Court of Justice’s decision in the context of the Maio Marques da Rosa Case, and its impact on the national legal system needs to be assessed. The aim of this study is to analyze the historical evolution of the regime of weekly rest in shift work, at the legislative, doctrinal and jurisprudential level, until today, with particular emphasis on the decision of the Court of Justice and its interpretation by the Portuguese courts.
The principle of weekly rest has an extensive range of fundamentals that express its essentiality, mainly for the safety and health of all workers. Bearing in mind the increased hardship of shift work, especially rotating shifts, the day it falls on is an extremely relevant aspect, for the physical and psychological recovery of these workers, as well as for their inclusion in social events and to guarantee their presence within the family. On the other hand, the subject under consideration, the regime of weekly rest in shift work, has been widely discussed and tinged with disagreement since the 1960s. More recently, the controversy has reignited as a result of the Court of Justice’s decision in the context of the Maio Marques da Rosa Case, and its impact on the national legal system needs to be assessed. The aim of this study is to analyze the historical evolution of the regime of weekly rest in shift work, at the legislative, doctrinal and jurisprudential level, until today, with particular emphasis on the decision of the Court of Justice and its interpretation by the Portuguese courts.
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Keywords
Trabalho por turnos Turnos rotativos Princípio do descanso semanal Segurança e saúde do trabalhador Tribunal de justiça Caso Maio Marques da Rosa Período de referência Jurisprudência nacional Shift work Rotating shift Weekly rest principal Worker health and safety Court of justice Maio Marques da Rosa case Reference period National caselaw