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Abstract(s)
Introdução: A avaliação do estado nutricional, para além de ser uma etapa indispensável no estudo de uma criança, é um importante indicador de saúde e bem-estar. A sua monitorização é importante para se detetar precocemente o excesso de peso. A evidência demonstra que os pais que não reconhecem problemas de peso nos seus filhos, subestimando o excesso de peso dos mesmos. Objetivo: Classificar o estado nutricional das crianças de idade pré-escolar; analisar a perceção parental relativamente ao estado nutricional das mesmas. Materiais e Métodos: Estudo quantitativo, transversal, descritivo. Amostra não probabilística por conveniência constituída por 78 crianças com idades entre 4 e 6 anos a frequentar agrupamento escolar de Lisboa e pais. Instrumento de recolha de dados através de questionário sócio-demográfico e do esquema silhuetas “Body Silhouette Chart”. Efetuada avaliação antropométrica da criança. Dados recolhidos no primeiro semestre de 2014. Análise estatística efetuada através do software estatístico IBM® SPSS® Statistics 19. Resultados: 67,1% das crianças apresenta peso normal. Maioria dos pais tem uma imagem real e ideal de peso normal (47.4% e 55.4% respetivamente). Não existe diferença estatisticamente significativa entre perceção real e perceção ideal dos pais (X2=-2,693, p=0.007). Não existe diferença estatisticamente significativa entre perceção real e ideal em função do género das crianças (imagem real [U=616.00, p=0.688]; imagem ideal [U=574.50, p=0.527]). Existe correlação estatisticamente significativa entre a perceção real dos pais e o IMC (rs=0.40, p<0.001). Conclusão: A maioria das crianças apresenta um estado nutricional adequado, porém verifica-se uma grande percentagem de crianças pré-obesas e obesas, pelo que se delineou uma intervenção junto das crianças, pais e profissionais. A maioria dos pais percecionam filhos com peso normal e gostam que assim seja, embora exista um número significativo em que a perceção ideal seja a pré-obesidade. Conclui-se que não existe discrepância entre a imagem real e ideal dos filhos.
Introduction: The assessment of nutritional status, in addition to being an indispensable step in the study of a child, is an important indicator of health and well-being. Monitoring is important to detect excess weight early. The evidence shows that parents do not recognize weight problems in their children, underestimating their children's overweight. Aim: Classify the nutritional status of children of preschool age; analyze the parental perception regarding their nutritional status. Materials and Methods: Quantitative, cross-sectional, descriptive study. Non-probabilistic convenience sample consisting of 78 children aged between 4 and 6 years attending school in Lisbon and their parents. Data collection instrument through a socio-demographic questionnaire and the “Body Silhouette Chart” silhouettes. Anthropometric assessment of the child was performed. Data collected in the first half of 2014. Statistical analysis performed using the statistical software IBM® SPSS® Statistics 19. Results: 67.1% of children are of normal weight. Most parents have a real and ideal image of normal weight (47.4% and 55.4% respectively). There is no statistically significant difference between real perception and ideal perception of parents (X2=-2.693, p=0.007). There is no statistically significant difference between real and ideal perception according to the children's gender (real image [U=616.00, p=0.688]; ideal image [U=574.50, p=0.527]. There is a statistically significant correlation between parents' real perception and BMI (rs=0.40, p<0.001). Conclusion: Most children have an adequate nutritional status, but there is a large percentage of pre-obese and obese children, so an intervention was designed with children, parents and professionals. Most parents perceive children of normal weight and like it that way, although there is a significant number in which the ideal perception is pre-obesity. It is concluded that there is no discrepancy between the real and ideal image of the children.
Introduction: The assessment of nutritional status, in addition to being an indispensable step in the study of a child, is an important indicator of health and well-being. Monitoring is important to detect excess weight early. The evidence shows that parents do not recognize weight problems in their children, underestimating their children's overweight. Aim: Classify the nutritional status of children of preschool age; analyze the parental perception regarding their nutritional status. Materials and Methods: Quantitative, cross-sectional, descriptive study. Non-probabilistic convenience sample consisting of 78 children aged between 4 and 6 years attending school in Lisbon and their parents. Data collection instrument through a socio-demographic questionnaire and the “Body Silhouette Chart” silhouettes. Anthropometric assessment of the child was performed. Data collected in the first half of 2014. Statistical analysis performed using the statistical software IBM® SPSS® Statistics 19. Results: 67.1% of children are of normal weight. Most parents have a real and ideal image of normal weight (47.4% and 55.4% respectively). There is no statistically significant difference between real perception and ideal perception of parents (X2=-2.693, p=0.007). There is no statistically significant difference between real and ideal perception according to the children's gender (real image [U=616.00, p=0.688]; ideal image [U=574.50, p=0.527]. There is a statistically significant correlation between parents' real perception and BMI (rs=0.40, p<0.001). Conclusion: Most children have an adequate nutritional status, but there is a large percentage of pre-obese and obese children, so an intervention was designed with children, parents and professionals. Most parents perceive children of normal weight and like it that way, although there is a significant number in which the ideal perception is pre-obesity. It is concluded that there is no discrepancy between the real and ideal image of the children.
Description
Keywords
Parentalidade Perceção Estado nutricional Criança pré-escolar Imagem corporal Perception Parenting Nutritional assessment Preschool child Body image