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Authors
Chaves, Eva Raquel Xavier de Melo Gil
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
O estudo procurou entender o fenómeno da reinserção social e reincidência criminal, mais especificamente pelas experiências e significados atribuídos por ex-reclusos/as a eventos das suas trajetórias de vida. É uma análise interacionista que relaciona os sujeitos com os seus diferentes contextos (familiares, acontecimentos significativos e trajetória criminal). A abordagem desenvolvimentista tem sido estudada no contexto internacional, mas continua a ocupar um lugar residual nos estudos portugueses sobre a reinserção social de ex-reclusos/as, no que respeita à sua reincidência. Pretendeu-se perceber as circunstâncias e eventos que podiam potenciar os pontos de viragem – “turning points”, para o (re)envolvimento na atividade criminal através das lentes teóricas do paradigma Desenvolvimental e do Ciclo de Vida de Sampson e Laub (1993). Nesta racionalidade, procedeu-se à análise das narrativas dos/as ex-reclusos/as (primários e reincidentes), tendo como critério de pontuação acontecimentos significativos que estes/as identificaram nas suas trajetórias de vida como fatores precipitantes para a reincidência criminal. O desenho qualitativo de investigação com recurso, num primeiro momento, ao biograma de forma a obter indicadores de análise (padronizáveis) para num segundo momento permitir a construção do guião de entrevistas semiestruturadas, permitiram observar que os fatores pré, durante e pós-reclusão como intercessores da reincidência criminal identificados se relacionam com o sistema familiar de origem, com o contexto residencial, escolaridade e a estabilidade financeira. Os resultados reforçam, ainda, a necessidade de uma leitura crítica sobre as trajetórias de vida dos indivíduos, e salientam a existência de lacunas no acompanhamento dos/as reclusos/as em contexto prisional que podem apresentar-se como um obstáculo à reinserção social destes indivíduos.
This study sought to understand the phenomenon of social reintegration and criminal recidivism, more specifically through the experiences and significance that offenders attribute to events of their life trajectories. It is an interactionist analysis that correlates subjects with their different contexts (familial, significant events and criminal trajectory). The developmental approach has been the focus of international studies, but remains residual in Portuguese studies of social reintegration of offenders in what concerns their recidivism. It was intended to cognize the circumstances and events that could potentiate turning points for (re)engagement with criminal activity, through the theorical lens of Sampson e Laub’s (1993) Developmental and Life-course paradigm. In line with this rationale, analysis to narratives of offenders (primary and recidivist) was carried out, punctuating significative events in their life span that were identified by them as precipitating factors for criminal recidivism. The qualitative design of the study, that initially drew on the biogram of form to obtain indicators for analysis (standardizable), which enabled the construction of a semi-structured interview script, permitted the observation that intercessor factors for criminal recidivism in pre, during and post incarceration are related to the family of origin system, to education and to financial stability. Moreover, the results reinforce the need for a critical reading of individuals’ life trajectories, and highlight the existence of lacunae in the accompaniment of offenders in detention that can present as an obstacle for the social reintegration of these individuals.
This study sought to understand the phenomenon of social reintegration and criminal recidivism, more specifically through the experiences and significance that offenders attribute to events of their life trajectories. It is an interactionist analysis that correlates subjects with their different contexts (familial, significant events and criminal trajectory). The developmental approach has been the focus of international studies, but remains residual in Portuguese studies of social reintegration of offenders in what concerns their recidivism. It was intended to cognize the circumstances and events that could potentiate turning points for (re)engagement with criminal activity, through the theorical lens of Sampson e Laub’s (1993) Developmental and Life-course paradigm. In line with this rationale, analysis to narratives of offenders (primary and recidivist) was carried out, punctuating significative events in their life span that were identified by them as precipitating factors for criminal recidivism. The qualitative design of the study, that initially drew on the biogram of form to obtain indicators for analysis (standardizable), which enabled the construction of a semi-structured interview script, permitted the observation that intercessor factors for criminal recidivism in pre, during and post incarceration are related to the family of origin system, to education and to financial stability. Moreover, the results reinforce the need for a critical reading of individuals’ life trajectories, and highlight the existence of lacunae in the accompaniment of offenders in detention that can present as an obstacle for the social reintegration of these individuals.
Description
Keywords
Trajetórias de vida Reinserção social Reincidência criminal Biogramas Life trajectories Social reintegration Criminal recidivism Biograms