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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A presente dissertação tem como objeto de análise o artigo 152.º/1 al. d) e e) do CP, sendo feita uma análise crítica relativamente à proteção das vítimas vulneráveis. A lei 57/2021, de 16 de agosto, veio trazer algumas alterações, entre as quais o aditamento da al. e) do artigo 152.º /1 do CP, o que fez com que para os menores a coabitação deixasse de ser um pressuposto necessário para caber no crime de violência doméstica. Ora, esta alteração que se deu para os menores, não se estendeu às restantes vítimas vulneráveis, que continuam a estar integradas na al. d) do artigo 152.º/1 do CP, sendo que para estas ainda continua a ser necessário o pressuposto da coabitação. Desta forma, irei analisar até que ponto esta alteração de lei não traz conflitos de desigualdade perante a lei no que diz respeito à proteção das vítimas vulneráveis. Para além disso, irei ainda analisar a questão da necessidade de prova de incapacidade no que diz respeito às vítimas vulneráveis, que mais uma vez excetua os menores. Este trabalho encontra-se dividido em duas grandes partes, ambas subdivididas em múltiplos subtópicos. Primeiramente irei abordar conceitos mais introdutórias, a evolução legislativa do crime e o seu enquadramento legal, de forma a facilitar a perceção do trabalho como um todo. Num segundo momento, irei abordar as questões mencionadas anteriormente, relacionadas com o problema da violação de igualdade de tratamento das vítimas vulneráveis e problemas que daí advém. Desta forma, a análise feita nesta dissertação tem como objetivo perceber se as soluções legais atuais estão bem estruturadas, ou se constituem soluções discriminatórias e inconstitucionais.
The object of this dissertation is to analyze article 152/1 d) and e) of the Criminal Code, with a critical analysis of the protection of vulnerable victims. Law 57/2021 brought some changes, one of which was the addition of al. e) to article 152/1 of the Criminal Code, which meant that for minors, cohabitation was no longer a necessary prerequisite for the crime of domestic violence. However, this change for minors has not been extended to other vulnerable victims, who are still included in Article 152/1(d) of the Criminal Code, and for whom cohabitation is still a prerequisite. I will therefore analyze the extent to which this change in the law does not lead to conflicts of inequality before the law with regard to the protection of vulnerable victims. I will also analyze the issue of the need for proof of incapacity with regard to vulnerable victims, which once again excludes minors. This work is divided into two main parts, both subdivided into multiple subtopics. Firstly, I will cover more introductory concepts, the legislative evolution of the crime and its legal framework, in order to facilitate the perception of the work as a whole. Secondly, I will address the aforementioned issues related to the problem of violating the equal treatment of vulnerable victims and the problems that arise from this. In this way, the analysis made in this dissertation aims to understand whether the current legal solutions are well structured, or whether they constitute discriminatory and unconstitutional solutions.
The object of this dissertation is to analyze article 152/1 d) and e) of the Criminal Code, with a critical analysis of the protection of vulnerable victims. Law 57/2021 brought some changes, one of which was the addition of al. e) to article 152/1 of the Criminal Code, which meant that for minors, cohabitation was no longer a necessary prerequisite for the crime of domestic violence. However, this change for minors has not been extended to other vulnerable victims, who are still included in Article 152/1(d) of the Criminal Code, and for whom cohabitation is still a prerequisite. I will therefore analyze the extent to which this change in the law does not lead to conflicts of inequality before the law with regard to the protection of vulnerable victims. I will also analyze the issue of the need for proof of incapacity with regard to vulnerable victims, which once again excludes minors. This work is divided into two main parts, both subdivided into multiple subtopics. Firstly, I will cover more introductory concepts, the legislative evolution of the crime and its legal framework, in order to facilitate the perception of the work as a whole. Secondly, I will address the aforementioned issues related to the problem of violating the equal treatment of vulnerable victims and the problems that arise from this. In this way, the analysis made in this dissertation aims to understand whether the current legal solutions are well structured, or whether they constitute discriminatory and unconstitutional solutions.
Description
Keywords
Violência doméstica Vítima vulnerável Coabitação Prova de incapacidade Princípio da igualdade Menor Idoso Maus tratos físicos Maus tratos psíquicos Domestic violence Vulnerable victim Cohabitation Proof of incapacity Principle of equality Minor Elderly Physical abuse Mental abuse