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Abstract(s)
Esta dissertação incidirá no crime de violação, com especial foco na última alteração legislativa ao número 2 do artigo 164.º do Código Penal, que prescindiu da necessidade de recurso a determinados meios típicos de constrangimento da vítima. Esta alteração decorreu do novo paradigma introduzido pela Convenção de Istambul, que radicou a punição das condutas do agente na ausência de consentimento da vítima. No desiderato de entendermos se a norma legal se adaptou às injunções decorrentes da Convenção, indagamo-nos acerca do alcance do conceito de “constrangimento” e de “ausência de consentimento livre”. As mudanças operadas à norma legal ficaram aquém das obrigações assumidas, já que o constrangimento da vítima impede a criminalização de condutas como o stealthing. Deste modo, exige-se uma urgente e rigorosa alteração ao crime de violação, que assuma as imposições da Convenção de Istambul e que tutele, efetivamente, o bem jurídico “liberdade e autodeterminação sexual”.
This dissertation will concern the crime of rape, with special focus on the last legislative amendment to the number 2 of the Article 164 of the Criminal Code, which has dispensed the need of appeal to particular tipical means of victim constraint. This amendment arised from the new paradigm introduced by the Istanbul Convention, which settled the punishment of the conducts of the agent in the absence of the consente of the victim. In order to understand if the legal norm has been adapted to the resulting injunctions of the Convention, we question the reach of the concepts of “constraint” and “absence of free consent”. The changes operated to the legal norm have stayed beyond of the assumed obligations, as the victim constraint prevents the criminalization of conducts like stealthing. Therefore, it is demanded an urgent and thorough amendment to the crime of rape, that assumes the impositions of the Istanbul Convention and tutors, effectively, the legal good “sexual freedom and sexual self-determination”.
This dissertation will concern the crime of rape, with special focus on the last legislative amendment to the number 2 of the Article 164 of the Criminal Code, which has dispensed the need of appeal to particular tipical means of victim constraint. This amendment arised from the new paradigm introduced by the Istanbul Convention, which settled the punishment of the conducts of the agent in the absence of the consente of the victim. In order to understand if the legal norm has been adapted to the resulting injunctions of the Convention, we question the reach of the concepts of “constraint” and “absence of free consent”. The changes operated to the legal norm have stayed beyond of the assumed obligations, as the victim constraint prevents the criminalization of conducts like stealthing. Therefore, it is demanded an urgent and thorough amendment to the crime of rape, that assumes the impositions of the Istanbul Convention and tutors, effectively, the legal good “sexual freedom and sexual self-determination”.
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Keywords
Violação Convenção de Istambul Stealthing Constrangimento Consentimento livre Bem jurídico Liberdade e autodeterminação sexual Rape Istanbul Convention Constraint Free consent Legal good Sexual freedom and sexual self-determination