Loading...
13 results
Search Results
Now showing 1 - 10 of 13
- The war of the airwaves in Portugal: foreign propaganda on short and medium waves, 1933-1945Publication . Ribeiro, NelsonThis article focuses on the start of the ‘‘war of the airwaves’’ in Portugal. It provides data on the first foreign shortwave broadcasts in Portuguese, describing the background to those initial broadcasts and also analyzing their impact on Portuguese public opinion, as well as the degree of importance afforded such broadcasts by the Allies and the Axis Powers during World War II. Moreover, the article also details some of the strategies used by the warring nations to influence the editorial line of Portuguese radio stations.
- A Emissora Nacional: das emissões experimentais à oficialização (1933-1936)Publication . Ribeiro, NelsonEm Portugal, o nascimento da radiodifusão oficial surge na década de 1930, após um período marcado por um monopólio de iniciativas privadas. Coincidindo no tempo com a fase de afirmação do Estado Novo, os primeiros anos da Emissora Nacional ficariam marcados por questões técnicas e por uma intensa luta pelo controlo da estação. No decorrer do período experimental são desde logo visíveis as várias tendências que, no interior do regime, procuram definir o papel que a radiodifusão oficial deve assumir como meio de divulgação do ideário do Estado Novo. São essas tendências que o presente artigo procura apresentar, fornecendo também alguns dados sobre o tipo de conteúdos emitidos pela Emissora Nacional.
- A emergência da rádio e a vulgarização do entretenimento no larPublication . Ribeiro, NelsonO artigo analisa as alterações introduzidas na vida quotidiana pela emergência da rádio: o primeiro meio de comunicação a entrar no interior dos lares. Coincidindo com uma necessidade de comodização do lazer, nos anos 20 e 30 do século passado, a radiodifusão foi responsável por mudanças nas formas de organização familiar e social, levando o entretenimento – até então confinado a espaços públicos – até ao seio da vida familiar. Além de conferir dimensão nacional a acontecimentos locais, na primeira metade do século xx, as estações de rádio deram igualmente um importante contributo para a promoção da identidade nacional em diversos países. Tal ficou a dever-se, sobretudo, à capacidade de agregar um número elevado de ouvintes, o que foi possível com a implementação de estratégias de programação baseadas na transmissão de conteúdos de índole popular, contribuindo decisivamente para a afirmação da cultura de massas.
- Fighting for a regime change through active listeningPublication . Ribeiro, NelsonThis article presents a case of political participation through radio broadcasting during World War II. Focusing on how the Portuguese listeners interacted with the transborder broadcasts from the BBC, it demonstrates how politically engaged citizens struggled to use a foreign station to disseminate their views on the country’s po- litical situation. Grounded on Pateman’s (1970) and Carpentier’s (2011) definitions of different levels of participation, it demonstrates that listeners were not given the ability to achieve full or maximal participation due to limitations imposed by organizational and political structures. Departing from this case, the article also reflects on how audi- ences interact with “traditional media”, questioning the widespread idea of radio listen- ers as passive agents and suggesting that an understanding of the political and social contexts in which media participation takes place is essential to ascertain the levels of empowerment given to the audiences.
- Salazar’s interference in the BBC Portuguese Service during World War IIPublication . Ribeiro, NelsonThis article presents a case study on the limits of the BBC Overseas Service’s journalistic independence during World War II. Not only editorial policy but also the personnel hired by the BBC Portuguese Service were subject to pressure from Salazar through the Foreign Office. How the Lisbon government was made aware of the events taking place inside the Portuguese Service and which strategies were used to interfere in its editorial line are discussed. This history presents clear evidence of how the BBC was required to trim its output in order to avoid diplomatic problems arising between the British and the Portuguese governments.
- Entrevista a James CurranPublication . Figueiras, Rita; Ribeiro, NelsonJames Curran é professor catedrático e diretor do Goldsmiths Leverhulme Media Research Centre. A sua investigação centra-se sobretudo na relação entre os media e a democracia, quer através do ângulo da história dos media, quer da economia política dos media, áreas sobre as quais publicou mais de duas dezenas de livros, como Media and Democracy, Power without Responsability (co-autoria de Jean Seaton) e Media and Society. Na sua obra mais recente, Misunderstanding the Internet (co-autoria de Natalie Fenton e Des Freedman), James Curran reavalia o impacto social da Internet, desconstruindo os discursos que consideram que a web revolucionou a sociedade do século xxi. A entrevista, realizada a 28 de fevereiro de 2012, dia em que James Curran proferiu uma conferência na Universidade Católica Portuguesa, aborda variados temas. Entre estes, destacamos o impacto das formas de propriedade dos media na construção do conhecimento dos cidadãos sobre os temas públicos e o atual discurso sobre o jornalismo e os media, que, de acordo com o investigador, tem sido marcado, nos últimos anos, por uma sobrevalorização do papel das novas tecnologias.
- O Ensino do Jornalismo - Um desafio para as universidades e para os jornalistasPublication . Ribeiro, NelsonO presente artigo tem por base uma co-municação apresentada na mesa redonda “Ensino e Planos de Estudo”, realizada no decorrer do Congresso “Ensino do Jorna-lismo no Século XXI”, que teve lugar na Universidade de Coimbra em dezembro de 2014. O texto debate a relação dos jornalistas com o ensino do jornalismo, defendendo não ter sido ainda ultrapas-sada a clivagem que, durante diversas décadas, opôs os defensores do ensino da profissão aos que advogavam tratar-se de uma atividade que devia ser apren-dida na prática. O artigo discute ainda algumas das consequências da baixa taxa de profissionalização do jornalismo bem como as alterações verificadas nas últimas décadas no posicionamento epistemológi-co das formações superiores nesta área, que no presente tendem a posicionar-se mais próximas das ciências sociais do que das humanidades, fruto de uma forte in-fluência da pesquisa administrativa e do modelo de ensino americanos.
- Objectivity versus ‘Toxic Propaganda’: the case of transborder broadcasts to Portugal during World War IIPublication . Ribeiro, NelsonThis article describes the role of foreign radio propaganda in Portugal in the years that preceded and the years during World War II. It demonstrates how the BBC became the most effective weapon to counterattack the German propaganda in the country and comments on the strategies used by the British in order to reach the Portuguese public. Among those strategies the most important was the promotion of the objectivity of the broadcasts from London, as opposed to the German transmissions that were known for airing mainly ‘toxic propaganda’. Evidence is also presented according to which news bulletins and talks broadcast by the BBC were perceived by the receivers as independent from political interference while the Axis transmissions were mostly considered as airing ‘toxic information’, demonstrating how during the war British white propaganda became very effective in regards to its impact on the Portuguese public.
- The rise of a new field: researching communication history in the iberian countriesPublication . Ribeiro, NelsonThe article demonstrates how Communication History developed in Portugal and Spain demonstrating that, despite the fact both countries were ruled by dictatorships between the 1930s and the 1970s, the field of media studies in general received totally different treatment from the two authoritarian regimes. Moreover, it also demonstrates that after the implementation of democracy Communication History continued mostly on two different paths in the Iberian countries due to the distinct ways in which media studies were integrated in the academia. The different stages of development achieved by the field in the two countries are also explained. Nevertheless, despite all the differences, the author points out common themes that have been researched on both sides of the Iberian border and demonstrates that, despite media history being mostly dominated by nation-bound approaches, today there are common patterns on how it is produced in Portugal and Spain with clear similarities to the work also being carried out in other European countries.
- Political interference on the airwaves: the BBC broadcasts to Portugal during the Second World WarPublication . Ribeiro, NelsonThe article analyses the impact of foreign broadcasts in Portugal during the Second World War as well as the communication strategies adopted by both German and British transmissions in the Portuguese language. After demonstrating that the broadcasts from the Axis powers were mainly composed of blatant propaganda, particular attention is given to the BBC. The British station, which was the most effective in reaching the Portuguese public, promoted itself as a credible source that offered reliable and unbiased news despite the fact that, as the article demonstrates, it trimmed its output to meet considerations imposed by the Foreign Office.