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- Ali Shariati, or the intellectual in pursuit of justicePublication . Mohomed, CarimoThis essay, drawing on ‘Ali Shari’ati’s most important works on what is an Intellectual and what is Justice, will try to address how he conceived the role of the intellect and of the intellectual in the pursuit of justice. For Imam ʿAli, the ‘true intellectual’ (al-aqil) is one who not only thinks correctly but also acts ethically, and, at the deepest level, one who seeks to realize the ultimate Reality. The intellectual is defined as one who ‘puts all things in their proper place’, which is the very definition of justice also. Only the true intellectual can, therefore, be fully ‘just’, for only one who sees things as they truly are is able to put them in their right place. Thought, action and realization are all the concern of the true intellectual, the aqil. With this text, I hope to show how ‘Ali Shari’ati emphasised both the harmony between intellect and revelation, and the distinction (though not conflict) between intellect and reason, and how his intellectual endeavours were, ultimately, a pursuit for Justice. Shari’ati, in particular, criticised the Western project of positivism for falsely proclaiming the ability to separate knowledge from its human context. He also argued that all science should actively affirm its human interests, rather than pretending to rise above them. Human knowledge should thus always be recognised as having been produced through human social relations.
- Formation of muslim elites in british India: Sayyid Ahmad Khan and the Muhammadan Anglo‑Oriental CollegePublication . Mohomed, CarimoAfter the Indian Mutiny of 1857‑1858, also known as the Sepoy Revolt or Uprising, and the end of the Mughal Dynasty, India became under the direct rule of the British Government, and there were a considerable number of Muslim political intellectuals who sought to reform and revitalize Islam in India and as a whole. The responses were various and the debates would surpass geographical boundaries, anticipating questions which are relevant even nowadays, like gender relations, new forms of religious institutionalization and the role of religion in politics. The aim of this paper is to analyze the thought of Sayyid Ahmad Khan (1817‑1898) and the educational impacts of his Muhammadan Anglo‑Oriental College, also known as the Aligarh Movement.
- ‘Adl e Shari’a: justiça no IslãoPublication . Mohomed, Carimo
- A historiographical approach to the Qur' an and Shari' a in late 19th century India: the case of Chiragh 'AliPublication . Mohomed, CarimoAnalysing the book The Proposed Political, Legal, and Social Reforms in the Ottoman Empire and Other Mohammadan States (1883) and undertaking a historical contextualization, this paper problematizes the epistemis and epistemological framework underlying the articulation of Chiragh 'Ali's discourse, focusing on how he viewed the Qur'an and Shari'a according to the intellectual debates in the 19th century. Often refuting, in his writings, missionary and Orientalist criticisms of Islam as being hostile to reason and incapable of reform, Chiragh 'Ali rather argued that the Islamic legal system and schools were human institutions capable of modification. While defending that the Qur'an taught religious doctrine and rules for morality, Chiragh 'Ali held the opinion that it did not support a detailed code of immutable civil law or dictate a specific political system, drawing on an examination of the traditional sources of the Islamic law and methods to overcome the rigidity of traditional theologians.
- The concept of freedom in Judaism, Christianity and IslamPublication . Mohomed, CarimoI have to confess that, when I first came across this book, I was somewhat wary of what I would find between the covers of this slim volume. For the past couple of centuries, a particular conception of freedom became the universal benchmark against which all other conceptions had to be measured, and if they were not the same as the only one admissible, well, they were not really conceptions of freedom.
- “The days of god”- Muhammad Iqbal’s conception of time and historyPublication . Mohomed, CarimoMuhammad Iqbal (1877-1938) was a prolific writer who authored many works covering various fields and genres such as poetry, philosophy, and mysticism. He expressed his ideas in many forms and this paper, using his works, especially The Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam, deals with the question of time and history in his thought, particularly how he distinguished ‘the past’ from ‘the present’ and ‘the future,’ and how he constructed their interrelationships.