FCH - Dissertações de Mestrado / Master Dissertations
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- NeverForget : the September 11 attacks, american media and the cultivation of collective memoryPublication . Wagner, Anna Elisabeth; Ribeiro, Nelson CostaThe shift in media to online and digital has transformed the way audiences receive their news. This research explores how digital media outlets in the United States covered and portrayed the collective memory of the September 11 attacks in 2001. It has now been 23 years since the infamous day and political tensions have been high since, especially with the retreat of American troops in Afghanistan in 2021. Drawing data from 2006, 2011, 2016 and 2021, the analysis identifies and analyzes the main themes, language used and overall tone of the anniversary issues through the years and by outlet. Data is drawn from the following popular American media outlets: The New York Times, CNN, Fox News and The Washington Post. Using a discourse analysis thematic approach, the research explores if and how the collective memory of the September 11 attacks has shifted in Americans’ national identity. In using a set structure for the analysis of each of the 16 articles, the study identifies common themes and differing perspectives across the discourses, especially among years and by media outlet. In doing so, the research sheds light on how collective memory is shifted by the American media and journalists, especially in differing political climates.