FFCS - Teses de Doutoramento / Doctoral Theses
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- O evento Fátima : análise do impacto de Fátima na vida dos peregrinosPublication . Moreira, Manuel Paulo Baptista Alves; Leite, Ângela Maria Teixeira; Lind, Andreas GonçalvesThe present work is based on the most significant historical documents that relate to the phenomenon of apparitions and that served as a background for the interpretation of the Fátima event. We refer, above all, to the information available in the Memoirs of Lúcia de Jesus (Jesus, 2016), in the various volumes of the Critical Documentation of Fátima and in the Theological Commentary (Mensagem de Fátima, n.d.) signed by Joseph Cardinal Ratzinger on June 26, 2000, as Prefect of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith. The analysis of these documents allowed us to frame the meaning of apparition, as a mystical vision and a subjective experience. Starting from the analysis of these texts, we seek to describe – one could say, phenomenologically – the effective transformation that the Fátima event wrought in the lives of the visionaries. In other words, it is about identifying the effects of such an experience on the whole person, on the ordinary existence of the first witnesses of the Apparitions. Next, we looked at the experience of the pilgrims, to whom the message of Fátima was transmitted after the six Apparitions of 1917. It was a question of basically evaluating the impact that the Fátima event, in a second moment, had on the pilgrims. The assessment of this impact was carried out through a survey collecting sociodemographic data, whose information allowed respondents to be placed in relation to the following psychometric scales: “self-compassion”, “satisfaction with life”, “perceived freedom”, “martyrdom”, “availability to listen”, “acceptance” and “centrality of religiousity”. The substance of the investigation was obtained from interviews that aimed to reconstruct the individual psychobiographies of the pilgrims. In these, special attention was paid to the transformations that occurred at a personal level, relationships and ways of life, evaluating the impact of the pilgrimage experience on the way one experiences a fragile situation, such as an illness or a separation, for example. Of all the results obtained, the following stand out: (i) the transition of the first seers from simple “shepherds” to the status of prophets, without the occurrence of psychic trauma; (ii) apparitions, like pilgrimages, have the same structure as rites of passage; (iii) the motivation to endeavor a pilgrimage stops being extrinsic (e.g. family tradition) and becomes intrinsic (e.g. supported by subjective faith); (iv) pilgrimage contributes decisively both to personal self-knowledge and to the decentering that leads the pilgrim to become more attentive and careful with others. Based on an interdisciplinary approach that integrates elements of sociology, psychology and, naturally, religious sciences, this investigation offers an important contribution to the Fátima Studies: (1) firstly, because it presents the construction of the psychohistory of the “little shepherds ”, something that has not yet been done; (2) secondly, because it allows us to verify that the experience of the Apparitions manifests itself with the structure of the rites of passage.