Percorrer por data de Publicação, começado por "2025-11-19"
A mostrar 1 - 10 de 11
Resultados por página
Opções de ordenação
- From waste to worth: upcycling peanut skin via green extraction for bioactive applicationsPublication . Afonso, Tiago B.; Bonifácio-Lopes, Teresa; Costa, Eduardo; Costa, Ana Filipa; Oliveira, Juliana A. S. A.; Pintado, Manuela E.Aim: The valorisation of agro-industrial by-products represents a strategic approach toward reducing food processing waste while fostering circular bioeconomy practices. Peanut skin, a by-product of peanut processing, is particularly rich in phenolic compounds with significant antioxidant and antimicrobial properties, making it a promising candidate for sustainable applications in the cosmetic and textile industries. This study explores the upcycling of peanut skin via eco-friendly extraction technologies to obtain phenolic-rich bioactives suitable for skin-related applications and functional textiles. Method: We investigated the impact of four extraction methodologies - hydroethanolic, aqueous, alkaline, and ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) - on the yield and chemical composition of peanut skin extracts. Analytical assessments included quantification of protein, total carbohydrates, total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and antioxidant capacity via the ORAC assay. The phenolic composition was further elucidated through LC-ESI-QqTOF-HRMS. Additionally, the antimicrobial efficacy of the extracts was tested against representative Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Furthermore, the metabolic impact of the extracts on a human keratinocyte cell line (HaCat) was also assessed to evaluate biocompatibility. Results: Among the methods tested, the UAE yielded the highest total phenolic content (512.93 mg GAE/g DE) and antioxidant activity (2770.17 ?mol TE/g DE). The phenolic profile revealed that peanut-skin extracts were rich in type-A and type-B procyanidin dimers and trimers, with type-A dimers being the most abundant, accounting for up to 36.47% of the total phenolics in UAE. These compounds are known for their strong antioxidant and antimicrobial efficacy. Antimicrobial assays showed that alkaline extracts exhibited the most potent activity, inhibiting Staphylococcus aureus and S. epidermidis at 5 mg/mL and 2.5 mg/mL, respectively. Hydroethanolic and UAE extracts exhibited moderate inhibition at higher concentrations. In contrast, the aqueous extracts were inactive against all tested bacteria. When considering the extracts impact on HaCaT cells, the lowest cytotoxicity was observed for the hydroethanolic extract (500 ?g/mL), and the highest for UAE (62.5 ?g/mL). Conclusion: These findings highlight the potential of UAE for enhancing the recovery of phenolic compounds from peanut skin. The high antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the enriched extracts, supports their application in skin-related products including textiles.
- O seminário conciliar de São Pedro em Portalegre (1590-1878)Publication . Gomes, Gonçalo Rafael Duarte; Leite, Rita Alexandra Borda de Água MendonçaThis dissertation examines the history and operation of the Conciliar Seminary of Saint Peter in Portalegre (1590–1878), in light of the implementation of the Council of Trent in Portugal. Framed within Church History, it focuses on the concrete application of Tridentine reform in a peripheral diocese, emphasizing priestly formation as a key pillar of post-Tridentine Catholic renewal. The study is structured around three main areas: the theological-historical background of Trent and its reception in Portugal; the daily life, internal organization, and profile of the seminarians; and the seminary’s financial structures, particularly the crucial role of the Bula da Cruzada (Bull of the Crusade) between 1856 and 1878. Using primary sources, including Government Diaries, reports from the Junta of the Bula da Cruzada, and seminary records the research explores how this institution faced financial, pedagogical, and pastoral challenges over nearly three centuries. The findings highlight the essential contribution of the Bula da Cruzada to the seminary’s survival during times of economic strain and educational reform. This study offers new insight into the reception of Trent in Portugal and the ongoing tension between pastoral ideals and institutional viability.
- A pirotecnia em contexto desportivo : uma conduta a criminalizar?Publication . Loureiro, Joana Ribeiro; Marques, Pedro Maia GarciaThe present paper aims to examine the issue of criminalizing the use of pyrotechnic articles and devices in sports contexts, focusing on the analysis of the Draft-Law No. 58/XV. Based on a comprehensive review of relevant legislation over the past decades, it addresses the evolution of regulation on violence in sports and highlights the importance of understanding the nature and impacts of pyrotechnic articles in this context. Through an analysis of the characteristics, risks, and consequences associated with the use of these devices, this paper aims to provide a solid foundation for evaluating the arguments for and against the criminalization of the use of such articles/devices. Furthermore, the legal, social, and cultural implications of the proposed legislation are studied, as well as possible alternatives and prevention measures that could be implemented to address the issue of violence in sports. In summary, this paper aims to address this complex and controversial issue, with the aim of contributing to an informed debate and a well-founded political decision-making on this crucial topic for the safety and integrity of sports events.
- The role of the hygiene of the process environment on shelf life of poultry meatPublication . Langsrud, Solveig; Moen, Birgitte; Silva, Beatriz Nunes; Teixeira, Paula; Fagerlund, Annette; Måge, Ingrid; Pursti, Sophie; Rusas Jensen, Merete; Bjørkøy, Solfrid; Lian, InaAim: Poultry meat is prone to spoilage by microorganisms, limiting the length of the shelf life and potentially leading to unnecessary food waste. The air chiller has been suggested as an important source of spoilage organisms in previous investigations. The aim of this study was to determine the role of the hygienic level of the chilling room on the shelf life of chicken. Method: Samples were taken from 30 batches of chicken breasts (stored until the end of shelf life at 4 ºC) produced in three different factories (two Norwegian, one Portuguese) and corresponding swab samples from the chilling room surface. The microbial numbers were determined by spreading on PCA and the microbiota by partial 16S amplicon sequencing (Illumina). Results: For the two Norwegian chicken processing plants (respectively 18 batches and 6 batches), a covariation between microbial levels in the chilling room and the final product was found. Carnobacterium and Lactobacillus dominated in the end-of-shelf-life products while Acinetobacter, Psychrobacter and Pseudomonas were abundant in the air chiller in both plants. For the Portuguese plant (6 batches), no covariation was found between the bacterial levels in the air chiller and final products. Brochotrix and Serratia dominated the end-of-shelf-life products, while Psychrobacter and Micrococcaceae were abundant in the air chiller. Although the same bacterial genera found in the final products were also detected in the air chillers, they were not the most abundant in the air chiller environment. Conclusion: The findings suggest that for some chicken processing factories, the air chiller can be regarded as a critical control point to monitor as its microbial load and microbiota covaries with those of end-of-shelf-life chicken products. However, the air chiller did not appear as an important contamination source for spoilage organisms, and covariation was not found for all factories. Further work will be performed to reveal the main contamination sources in the poultry production environment.
- Rice okara flours as sustainable protein ingredients for snack crackers: characterization and sensory evaluationPublication . Cassoni , Ana C.; Brassesco, María Emilia; Calixto, João; Duarte, Tiago; Correia, Daniela; Pintado, ManuelaRice okara, a protein-rich by-product of rice milk production, remains underexplored for food applications despite its nutritional potential. Due to its high perishability, processing this fresh byproduct into stable flours represents a critical step for its valorization. This study aimed to evaluate the functional potential of four rice okara flours: dehydrated (OAD), thermally treated (OAT), enzymatically treated 1 (OAE1), and enzymatically treated 2 (OAE2, using proteases and cellulases), and their application in the development of protein-enriched salty crackers.
- Microbial profile of novel chourição: oil gelations as replacements for animal fatPublication . Barbosa, Joana Bastos; Carvalho, Teresa Bento de; Albuquerque, João; Bessa, Beatriz; Ventura, Rita; Azevedo, Maria A.; Rodrigues, Rui; Pereira, Rui; Carvalho, Fátima; Teixeira, PaulaBackground: Concerns regarding the consumption of trans-fats and saturated fats are increasing, due to their negative health impacts. However, fat reduction in meat products is daunting, as animal fat contributes to texture, mouth feel, flavor, juiciness, as well as energy, and its reduction can lead to dry and less acceptable products. Hence, great efforts are being been made to develop viable alternatives for replacing detrimental fats without affecting the organoleptic properties of the food. This work aimed to reduce the total amount of fat in chourição, by substituting 25% animal fat by an oleogel or an emulgel, and to assess its impact on microbiological characteristics of the product. Conclusion: The results showed that replacing animal fat by gelation of oils at least up to 25%, does not appear to influence the microbiological load of the chourição products, making this a viable alternative to develop innovative healthier products.
- Effect of cold plasma treatment on the properties of agar-based films enriched with pineapple wastePublication . Sánchez, Oriana; Silva, Cristina L. M.; Brandão, Teresa R. S.Introduction: The use of food processing by-products in developing bioplastics and organic films represents a promising strategy for reducing waste and creating value-added products. Pineapple rind, for instance, is rich in fibers and bioactive compounds, making it an ideal candidate for incorporation into biopolymer films. Films' functional properties can be modified through cold plasma technology. Cold plasma generates reactive species and high-energy particles that can modify the surface chemistry of the films and their characteristics. Objectives: To valorize pineapple by-products while enhancing the films' functional properties through cold plasma treatment. To characterize the films' physical, chemical, and mechanical properties through various tests including color, thickness, water activity, moisture content, water solubility, water vapor permeability, tensile strength, Young’s modulus, and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis for comprehensive comparison. Main conclusions: The incorporation of pineapple rind enhanced the films' water-barrier properties and elasticity. Plasma-induced surface modification of agar-based films resulted in improved biodegradability while maintaining mechanical performance. These findings highlight the potential of plasma technology to optimize and customize biodegradable packaging solutions, as well as to add value to fruit residues.
- O passe do atleta profissional de futebol e a tributação dos rendimentos provenientes de direitos de imagem : o enquadramento jurídico-fiscal desta nova realidadePublication . Gandra, Diogo Borges de Araújo de Portugal; Tavares, Tomás Maria Cantista de CastroA presente dissertação tem como objeto de estudo a tributação do passe, o enquadramento do jogador de futebol profissional enquanto ativo da sociedade desportiva e o afloramento de questões que surgem ao nível da aplicação do regime jurídico-fiscal das sociedades desportivas, designadamente, na questão das mais-valias e na amortização de ativos. Adicionalmente, este trabalho visa igualmente analisar as diferentes temáticas que resultam dos rendimentos resultantes da exploração de direitos de imagem, em duas perspetivas: direitos de imagem no contexto societário, i.e., no âmbito das sociedades não residentes e não desportivas, e os direitos de imagem considerados individualmente, enquanto rendimentos enquadrados na esfera jurídica do jogador. Por fim, pretendemos ainda desenvolver uma temática de âmbito fiscal que, na nossa opinião, se encontra ainda por desenvolver pela doutrina, correspondente aos benefícios fiscais potencialmente gerados pelo Programa Regressar, e indagar sobre a (im)possibilidade de aplicação deste programa no quadro do futebol profissional.
- A evolução do princípio da boa-fé no Direito Fiscal : uma expansão em cursoPublication . Silva, Marcelo Francisco de Sousa; Tavares, Tomás Maria Cantista de CastroO fenómeno da privatização do Direito Fiscal e da sua progressiva complexidade e instabilidade, tem tornado a sua aplicação cada vez mais exigente e imprevisível, sendo cada vez mais relevante procurar entender a interpretação que a Autoridade Tributária faz da lei do que dedicar-se a respeitar a lei em si. Em consequência, o princípio da boa-fé, que tem no mecanismo da informação vinculativa e da orientação genérica a sua máxima expressão legal, tem vindo constantemente a ganhar importância contra condutas imprevisíveis e abusivas da AT, permitindo proteger os contribuintes de consequências gravosas para a sua esfera jurídica. Esta dissertação parte da análise do regime vigente do mecanismo da informação vinculativa e das orientações genéricas previsto na lei e dos seus aspetos essenciais para, a partir deles, revelar o campo de aplicação atual do princípio da boa-fé, em que ocasiões é legítima a sua invocação, bem como quais os efeitos associados.
- O regime de tributação das mais-valias imobiliárias : soluções alternativas à luz do Direito da União Europeia e da Constituição da RepúblicaPublication . Pedroso, Beatriz Figueiredo; Vicente, Marta de Sousa NunesA presente dissertação centra-se no estudo do regime de tributação das mais-valias imobiliárias, introduzido pela Lei 24-D/2022, analisando-se, em particular, a sua compatibilidade com o Direito da União Europeia e com os princípios constitucionais vigentes na ordem jurídica portuguesa. O foco recai sobre a forma como o novo regime se aplica aos sujeitos passivos não residentes em território nacional que, historicamente, foram alvo de um tratamento fiscal mais desvantajoso. Para esse efeito, procede-se a uma análise da jurisprudência do Tribunal de Justiça da União Europeia, identificando os principais acórdãos que incidiram sobre normas nacionais e que contribuíram para a reconfiguração legislativa do regime. Interessa-nos especialmente estudar os princípios do Direito da União e as justificações que fazem com que as medidas restritivas impostas pelos Estados-Membros possam ser admitidas, enquadrando a alteração legislativa como uma resposta direta às exigências formuladas pelo TJUE, no sentido da eliminação da discriminação patente no anterior regime. Por fim, expõe-se uma visão crítica do atual regime, avaliando-se os seus méritos e fragilidades, bem como a proposta de algumas soluções alternativas, em certa medida inspiradas em modelos já implementados noutros ordenamentos jurídicos da União Europeia.