Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2025-01-30"
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- Burnout e os significados atribuídos ao trabalho em funcionários de ERPIPublication . Soares, João Emanuel Fernandes; Peixoto, Ricardo Jorge de Oliveira PintoEste estudo destaca a complexidade do ambiente percecionado nas Estruturas Residenciais para Idosos (ERPI). Como base para a investigação encontram-se três grandes conceitos e como estes se interrelacionam, nomeadamente: Sindrome de Burnout, os Significados atribuídos ao Trabalho e a Categoria Profissional. Como ponto de partida foi aplicado um questionário constituído por questões sociodemográficas, a Escala de Significados Atribuídos ao Trabalho (ESAT) e a Escala de Burnout versão reduzida de Maslach. A amostra foi recolhida a cerca de 103 indivíduos de várias categorias profissionais de uma ERPI minhota, garantindo sempre a confidencialidade dos participantes. O trabalho é crucial na sociedade atual podendo interferir na qualidade de vida dos indivíduos. O estudo indica que existe uma correlação significativa entre os Significados Atribuídos ao Trabalho e o Burnout, comprovando que em colaboradores com níveis de perceção mais positivos a exaustão emocional diminui e a perceção de eficácia aumenta. O mesmo não se verifica no Cinismo, pois não existe uma relação significativa. Com o teste de diferenças não foram encontrados níveis de Burnout maiores ou menores entre os sexos. Evocando a Categoria Profissional, verifica-se que não existe uma regressão linear estatisticamente significativa no nível de Burnout. A economia social requer uma visão mais aprofundada e abrangente, pois o desempenhar das várias funções em ERPI pode ser exigente física e psicologicamente, havendo poucas recompensas para os seus colaboradores. É necessária sensibilizar a implementação de intervenções e técnicas adequadas de forma a mitigar estas problemáticas, pois colaboradores com níveis de bem-estar elevados podem refletir na qualidade do serviço prestado ao utente.
- Digital games as safe places: the case of animal crossingPublication . Ferreira, Cátia; Ganito, Carla; Gonçalves, SoraiaDigital games have become a popular cultural pastime and a profitable media industry, with an average player age of 32. During the lockdown years, the many facets of digital games came to light, particularly their capacity to encourage the development of safe spaces for interaction and communities. Games that encourage creativity and content creation, like Second Life, Animal Crossing, and Minecraft, for example, give users a variety of safe spaces to express themselves and grow creatively. The article addresses the function of video games as safe spaces using a mixed-methods approach, emphasizing the role played during the pandemic and using Animal Crossing as an example. Three primary techniques for gathering data were an online survey, netnography, and document analysis. Through the Animal Crossing: New Horizons case study, we were able to confirm that players do, in fact, view the game as more than just a way to pass the time. They make expressive and proactive use of it, deriving immense pleasure from producing and disseminating content that is uniquely personalized for them. It is a tool for escapism and provides a feeling of belonging to players who agree that the New Horizons Fan Community is a united, helpful, caring, and generous community.
- Evaluating digital transformation in small and medium enterprises using the Alkire-Foster methodPublication . Moreira, Luís L.; Pinto, Sofia S.; Costa, Leonardo; Araújo, NunoThe digital technology transition fosters the flexibility of companies and their ability to respond quickly to market changes. However, Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) seem to be particularly challenged by digital transformation. The Alkire-Foster (AF) method was employed to analyze the integration profiles of digital technology in SMEs. Individual and group average partial and composite indicators were computed, as well as group measures of digital technology integration, to benchmark individual companies and groups. Additionally, a linear regression was used to examine how individual overall composite scores of digital technology integration are influenced by dimensions of individual digital technology integration enablers and other contextual variables. The results indicate that most companies possess the digital infrastructure necessary for this integration. However, there is room for improvement in terms of supply and demand of digital skills. This study contributes to research by applying an existing tool, the AF method, in a novel context: measuring digital technology integration in SMEs. The AF method facilitates effective benchmarking at both individual and group levels.
- Common volatility shocks of ESG marketsPublication . Ánh, Dang Thi Ngoc; Martins, SusanaThis dissertation explores the interconnectedness and common volatility shocks in international ESG markets. Utilizing the MSCI ESG Leader Indices across eight regions, the study investigates whether idiosyncratic volatilities are correlated and identifies events triggering simultaneous movements. By employing the common volatility model proposed by Engle & Campos-Martins (2023), the research measures shared volatility shocks and their drivers, particularly focusing on climate policy uncertainty and transition and physical risks. The results show significant correlations between regional volatilities and identify key events that have caused the highest levels of volatility co-movement. The model also has portfolio implications, as regions have different exposures to the common factor. The most sensitive to volatility shocks are ESG market leaders such as Europe and the US, so emerging ESG markets such as Australia and Korea may be more attractive to risk-averse investors during periods of high ESG common volatility. Additionally, regression analysis shows that climate risks significantly influence these volatility shocks after controlling for global equity market shocks, highlighting the heightened sensitivity of ESG markets to climate dynamics after the Paris Agreement. Uncertainty surrounding climate policy and concerns about climate-related physical risks amplify shared volatility shocks in responsible markets. In contrast, shocks to climate transition risk exhibit a negative relationship with the factor, suggesting reduced exposure within the context of transitioning to a low-carbon economy. These findings provide novel insights for investors and policymakers, highlighting the importance of a stable regulatory environment and the role of ESG assets in the transition to a low-carbon economy.
- Momentum and ESG integration : a strategy for sustainable returnsPublication . Sousa, Tiago Vieira de; Silva, António Baldaque daThis dissertation investigates the integration of environmental, social and governmental (ESG) factors into a momentum strategy, intending to understand their impact on financial performance. To this end, a sample of common shares traded in the United States between January 2010 and September 2024 was used. ESG data was obtained from the LSEG Data & Analytics platform and stock returns were extracted from Datastream database. The study employs a zero-cost strategy, focusing on stocks simultaneously ranked in the best 10% in terms of returns and the best 30% regarding ESG scores, against those in the worst 10% and 30% in the same categories. The research concludes that the integration of sustainable metrics does not significantly improve the performance of the momentum strategy, instead, it increases idiosyncratic risk due to less diversification in stock selection rather than characteristics related to ESG inclusion. The results suggest that investors should not expect to obtain abnormal returns when trading momentum portfolios differentiated by ESG characteristics. Although the sustainable complement does not improve the traditional momentum strategy's overall performance, it reveals additional explanatory power of factors such as HML (value) and RMW (profitability), which become pertinent in determining returns. These conclusions underscore the complexity of sustainable incorporation and suggest the need to explore its long-term implications in detail, including broader market research and alternative ESG approaches.
- Comunicação estratégica e campanhas eleitorais : o caso do Partido Socialista nas eleições legislativas de 2005 e de 2022Publication . Costa, João Pedro Félix; Simão, João Duarte Borges Martins de VasconcelosA presente Dissertação de Mestrado debruça-se sobre a Análise das estratégias comunicacionais do Partido Socialista (PS) nas Eleições Legislativas de 2005 e de 2022, e de que forma estas foram percecionadas pelos cidadãos portugueses. Assim sendo, no enquadramento teórico são analisados temas relevantes como a Comunicação Política e os seus conceitos complementares, a Comunicação Estratégica em contexto eleitoral e as Campanhas Eleitorais e Eleições Legislativas Portuguesas, com destaque para as Eleições Legislativas de 2005 e de 2022. O objetivo desta investigação é o de estudar as Campanhas Eleitorais do Partido Socialista (PS), nos anos de 2005 e de 2022, percebendo que estratégias comunicacionais foram utilizadas, que mudanças surgiram ao longo do tempo, que mensagens políticas foram transmitidas e de que forma foram percecionadas pelos cidadãos portugueses. Para dar resposta à questão de partida “Como é que as estratégias comunicacionais do Partido Socialista nas Eleições Legislativas de 2005 e de 2022 foram percecionadas pelos cidadãos portugueses?”, procurou-se a perspetiva de Assessores de Imprensa e Jornalistas (com uma ligação direta ou indireta ao Partido Socialista), assim como dados relativos ao Inquérito por Questionário, respondido por cidadãos portugueses. Deste modo, foi aplicada uma metodologia mista, composta por Entrevistas Semiestruturadas, por Inquérito por Questionário e por uma Revisão de Literatura, de forma a contextualizar os conceitos de Comunicação Política, Comunicação Estratégica em contexto eleitoral e, numa abordagem nacional, as Eleições Legislativas Portuguesas. A análise das campanhas de 2005 e 2022 revelou que o Partido Socialista (PS) ajustou a sua comunicação às preocupações dos eleitores. Em 2005, o PS dependia mais dos media tradicionais, enquanto em 2022 adotou as redes sociais online para uma interação mais direta com os cidadãos. Os questionários e entrevistas confirmaram que os eleitores consideraram essas mudanças eficazes e que a personalização dos líderes partidários foi também uma estratégia para procurar fortalecer o reconhecimento e a confiança pública.
- Social rights in post-crises : a relfection on the shortcomings of international social rights protectionPublication . Veloso, Beatriz Isabel Monteiro; Botelho, Catarina Isabel Tomaz SantosSocial rights, such as the right to education, health, housing and an adequate standard of living, are fundamental pillars for guaranteeing human dignity and equality in modern societies. Playing a crucial role in promoting social justice, reducing inequalities and protecting the most vulnerable, they become even more relevant in times of crisis. The international community has played a key role in promoting and protecting social rights. Since the adoption of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in 1948, the creation of treaties such as the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights in 1966, the European Social Charter and the various monitoring Committees are indispensable mechanisms for ensuring that states fulfill their obligations to protect and promote these rights. However, despite these efforts, the protection of social rights faces significant challenges, especially in times of crisis. Given the inherent need to restore the economic and financial order resulting from these periods and the countervailing obligation of states to guarantee the protection of social rights, this master thesis aims to understand and analyze the reasons why, despite the joint efforts of the international community and states, it is still so difficult to guarantee the full realization of these rights.
- How do significant climate events and media coverage influence the returns and volatility of commoditiesPublication . Fernandes, Tomás Marques; Martins, SusanaI propose a different approach to measure all commodities behaviour when affected by global effects of climate change. The study is divided in two different approaches to analyse that. In the first one, we started by calculate the global common volatility of all commodities. And then, a text-based proxies of climate change news is project onto climate-related shocks. Finally, the commodities volatility shocks are projected on the variation of that climate index. In the second approach, the commodities common returns (obtained through a principal component analysis (PCA)) are projected on the variation of that climate index. I show that for commodities in general, rising concerns regarding climate change are not making commodities prices move at a global scale, controlling for shocks to the agriculture, oil, gold and silver prices, the US stock market and commodities markets. However, we see that specific groups of commodities are more affected than others. The group most impacted is the energy commodities. Therefore, the direction and intensity of influence vary depending on the commodity and the time span that we are analysing. Data from the period following the Paris Agreement indicate that climate-related news now exerts a different influence on commodities, making the climate index a significant factor in global commodity volatility for all commodities. Lastly, the findings show that climate news is starting to affect the commodities market, most notably after important climate meetings.
- How do firms and workers respond to remote work? Evidence from European UnionPublication . Mestre, Inês da Silva; Reis, RicardoThe impact that remote work has on productivity is a topic that reveals to be ambiguous in the existing literature, depending on the universe that is being considered, as well as the circumstances. Analyzing data at the country-level for 16 different European Union countries, with the use of country fixed effects to access what is, in fact, the impact that remote work has on productivity, our results indicate that working from home enhances productivity, both for workers and firms. However, with the fast increase in the percentage of people usually working from home during the COVID-19 pandemic, we also took conclusions about the influence that these circumstances had on the effect that remote work has on productivity. Our results from both of our models show that this impact decreased during 2020 and 2021, years when there were strict lockdown periods for the population.
- Inteligência emocional, adaptabilidade de carreira e bem-estar psicológico de estudantes do 10º anoPublication . Vieira, Francisca da Silva; Oliveira, Íris Martins; Moreira, Diana Patrícia da Silva DiasEm Portugal, o sistema educativo integra vários momentos de transição entre níveis de ensino. Mais especificamente, a transição para o 10.º ano de escolaridade implica que os/as alunos/as tomem decisões relacionadas com o próprio percurso académico, com repercussões no seu processo de construção de carreira. Com efeito, as escolhas relacionadas com a carreira refletem-se como das mais importantes ao longo da vida, tendo em conta as implicações significativas nas diferentes áreas de desenvolvimento. Assim, investigar esta transição específica é importante, tendo em conta os riscos e indicadores de mal ajustamento psicológico que se podem verificar, na medida em que acompanha outros desafios de desenvolvimento da adolescência. O presente estudo tem como objetivo principal analisar de que modo a Inteligência Emocional (IE) e a Adaptabilidade de Carreira permitem explicar variações nos níveis de Bem-Estar Psicológico de estudantes (BEP) do 10.º ano. O método de amostragem escolhido para esta investigação consiste no método de amostragem não probabilístico por escolha racional. A amostra foi de 233 indivíduos, que responderam aos instrumentos: Questionário de Caracterização Sociodemográfica, Escala de Inteligência Emocional de Wong e Law (WLEIS-P), Career Adapt-Abilities Scale (CAAS) – Portugal Form e Escala de Medida de Manifestação de Bem-Estar Psicológico (EMMBEP). A recolha dos dados foi feita em papel. Os principais resultados demonstraram que níveis mais elevados de IE estão associados a maiores níveis de BEP. Observou-se, também, uma relação positiva entre a IE e a adaptabilidade de carreira, destacando a importância destas competências emocionais para lidar com possíveis desafios ao longo do percurso académico e profissional. A adaptabilidade de carreira mostrou-se igualmente associada a níveis mais elevados de BEP. Tanto a IE quanto a adaptabilidade de carreira explicaram significativamente variações no BEP dos estudantes. Diferenças significativas entre os sexos foram também identificadas, com o sexo masculino a apresentar médias mais altas para as três variáveis. A análise, fundamentada no Modelo de Adaptação de Carreira (Savickas, 2005), confirmou a relevância da IE e da adaptabilidade de carreira no que concerne a momentos de transição durante o percurso académico, reforçando a necessidade de desenvolver estas competências no contexto escolar e, consequentemente, aumentar os níveis de bem-estar dos estudantes.
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