Browsing by Author "Arriaga, Miguel Telo de"
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- 2º relatório - vacinação para a COVID-19: intenção e seus preditores. Estudo na população portuguesa, em diferentes etapas do ciclo de vidaPublication . Godinho, Cristina Albuquerque; Francisco, Rita; Gaspar, Rui; Arriaga, Miguel Telo de; Costa, Andreia Silva da; Costa, Diana; António, João; Carvalho, Ana; Fonseca, Válter; Freitas, Graça
- Active and healthy aging after COVID-19 pandemic in Portugal and other European countries: time to rethink strategies and foster actionPublication . Costa, Andreia; Camara, Gisele; Arriaga, Miguel Telo de; Nogueira, Paulo; Miguel, José PereiraThe population aging in Europe imposes challenges to societies that require adaptations and responses at various levels to minimize impacts and figuring out opportunities. Portugal has been committed to the World Health Organization and European Union's values and policy frameworks concerning active and healthy aging. In 2017, an inter-ministerial working group developed the National Strategy for Active and Healthy Aging. In the face of the COVID-19 pandemic that exposed the vulnerabilities of older populations, the launch of the Decade of Healthy Aging 2021-2030 and its baseline report and the 2018 Active Aging Index Analytical Report may constitute an opportunity to strategically think about the aging of the population as a national purpose in Portugal and in the other European countries that face similar challenges.
- Behavioral insights during the COVID-19 pandemic in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina: the role of trust, health literacy, risk and fairness perceptions in compliance with public health and social measuresPublication . Cilović-Lagarija, Šeila; Eitze, Sarah; Skočibušić, Siniša; Musa, Sanjin; Stojisavljević, Stela; Šabanović, Haris; Dizdar, Faris; Palo, Mirza; Nitzan, Dorit; Arriaga, Miguel Telo de; Scherzer, Martha; Curtis, Benjamin; Habersaat, Katrine BachBackground and aim Public health and social measures (PHSM) are critical aspects of limiting the spread of infections in pandemics. Compliance with PHSM depends on a wide range of factors, including behavioral determinants such as emotional response, trust in institutions or risk perceptions. This study examines self-reported compliance with PHSM during the COVID-19 pandemic in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (FBIH). Materials and methods We analyze the association between compliance and behavioral determinants, using data from five cross-sectional surveys that were conducted between June 2020 and August 2021 in FBIH. Quota-based sampling ensured that the 1000 people per wave were population representative regarding age, sex, and education level based on the data from the latest census in Bosnia and Herzegovina. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to identify significant changes between studies on determinants and PHSM measures. Regression was used to find relations between behavioral determinants and PHSM.Results Participants reported strong emotional responses to the rapid spread of the virus and its proximity to them. Risk perception was spiking in December 2020 when rates of infection and death were particularly high. Trends in policy acceptance were divergent; participants did not rate PHSM as exaggerated, but perceived fairness was low. Trust in institutions was low across all waves and declined for specific institutions such as the health ministry. In five wave-specific regression analyses, emotional response (βmin/max = .11*/.21*), risk perception (βmin/max = .06/.18*), policy acceptance (βmin/max = .09/.20*), and trust in institutions (βmin/max = .06/.21*) emerged as significant predictors of PHSM. Conclusions This study contributes to the body of research on factors influencing compliance with PHSM. It emphasizes the importance of behavioral monitoring through repeated surveys to understand and improve compliance. The study also affirms the impact of public trust on compliance, the risk of eroding compliance over time, and the need for health literacy support to help reinforce protective behaviors.
- Crises social sensing: longitudinal monitoring of social perceptions of systemic risk during public health crisisPublication . Gaspar, Rui; Domingos, Samuel; Toscano, Hugo; Filipe, Jessica; Leiras, Gisela; Raposo, Beatriz; Pereira, Cícero; Godinho, Cristina; Francisco, Rita; Silva, Claudia; Arriaga, Miguel Telo deMonitoring how different people – as ‘social sensors’ – evaluate and respond to crisis such as pandemics, allows tailoring crisis communication to the social perceptions of the situation, at different moments. To gather such evidence, we proposed a index of social perceptions of systemic risk (SPSR), as an indicator of a situational threat compromising risks to physical health, psychological health, the economy, social relations, health system, and others. This indicator was the core of a social sensing approach applied to crisis situations, implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic through a content analysis of more than 130.000 public comments from Facebook™ users, in COVID-19 related publications. This content coding allowed creating a SPSR index monitored during a one-year descriptive longitudinal analysis. This index correlated with co-occurring events within the social system, namely epidemiological indicators across measurement cycles (e.g. new deaths; cumulative number of infection cases; Intensive Care Unit hospitalizations) and tended to reflect the epidemiological situation severity (e.g. with the highest level registered during the worst pandemic wave). However, discrepancies also occurred, with high SPSR registered in a low severity situation, i.e. low number of hospitalizations and deaths (e.g. school year beginning), or low SPSR in a high severity situation (e.g. 2nd pandemic wave during Christmas), showing other factors beyond the epidemiological situation contributing to the social perceptions. After each ‘crisis period’ with SPSR peaking, there was a ‘restoration period’, consistently decreasing towards average levels of the previous measurement cycle. This can either indicate social resilience (recovery and resources potentiation) or risk attenuation after a high-severity period. This study serves as preliminary proof of concept of a crises social sensing approach, enabling monitoring of social system dynamics for various crisis types, such as health crisis or the climate crisis.
- From health communication to health literacy: a comprehensive analysis of relevance and strategiesPublication . Caeiros, Patrícia; Ferreira, Patrícia Pita; Chen-Xu, Jose; Francisco, Rita; Arriaga, Miguel Telo deHealth literacy, the ability to obtain and comprehend health knowledge, is essential to promote health and reduce disparities. Health communication aims to improve health by ensuring an effective understanding and application of health information. Despite current challenges, there are many opportunities for improving communication in the health literacy practice. Promoting communication in health literacy is essential in empowering individuals, improving outcomes, and reducing healthcare disparities. Effective communication enables access, comprehension, and informed decision-making of individuals and communities regarding their health, strengthening their central role in promoting health literacy. This paper highlights the challenges and opportunities in today's world, especially in a post-pandemic era, dominated by infodemic and social media influencers, while providing solutions, encompassing professional training of health professionals on communication, digital skills, and an overarching strategy across health institutions. Translating knowledge into health-promoting behaviors and well-being can only be effective by accounting for communication in health literacy.
- HLS19-DIGI - a new instrument for measuring digital health literacy: development, validation and associations with determinants and health outcomes in 13 countriesPublication . the HLS19 Consortium of the WHO Action Network M-POHL; Levin-Zamir, Diane; Broucke, Stephan Van den; Bíró, Éva; Bøggild, Henrik; Bruton, Lucy; Gani, Saskia Maria De; Finbråten, Hanne Søberg; Gibney, Sarah; Griebler, Robert; Griese, Lennert; Guttersrud, Øystein; Klocháňová, Zuzana; Kucera, Zdenek; Le, Christopher; Link, Thomas; Mancini, Julien; Miksova, Dominika; Schaeffer, Doris; Silva, Carlota Ribeiro da; Sørensen, Kristine; Straßmayr, Christa; Arriaga, Miguel Telo de; Vrdelja, Mitja; Pelikan, JürgenIntroduction: Digital health information sources are playing an increasingly prominent role in health promotion, public health and in healthcare systems. Consequently, digital health literacy skills are likewise becoming increasingly important. Methods: Using a concept validation approach, the aim of the study was to validate a digital health literacy measure applied in the European Health Literacy Survey 2019–2021 (HLS19) of the WHO M-POHL Network, analyzing data from 28,057 respondents from 13 European countries. Results: The scale displayed high internal consistency. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) strengthened the hypothesized one-factor structure. In most countries, the data displayed acceptable fit to the unidimensional Rasch partial credit model (PCM). Pearson correlation with a measure of general health literacy showed sufficient discriminant validity, and a social gradient was found. Testing for predictive validity showed that the scale score predicts health-related outcomes. Discussion: The study shows that considerable proportions of the general adult populations across countries in Europe have limited DHL skills. The level of DHL has direct potential consequences for some forms of health service utilization, in some countries. Implications of the study include recommendations for improving digital health literacy, promoting organizational health literacy and quality assurance for digital health information and resources.
- HLS19-NAV - validation of a new instrument measuring navigational health literacy in eight European countriesPublication . on behalf of the HLS Consortium; Griese, Lennert; Finbråten, Hanne S.; Francisco, Rita; Gani, Saskia M. de; Griebler, Robert; Guttersrud, Øystein; Jaks, Rebecca; Le, Christopher; Link, Thomas; Costa, Andreia Silva da; Arriaga, Miguel Telo de; Touzani, Rajae; Vrdelja, Mitja; Pelikan, Jürgen M.; Schaeffer, DorisTo manoeuvre a complex and fragmented health care system, people need sufficient navigational health literacy (NAV-HL). The objective of this study was to validate the HLS19-NAV measurement scale applied in the European Health Literacy Population Survey 2019–2021 (HLS19). From December 2019 to January 2021, data on NAV-HL was collected in eight European countries. The HLS19-NAV was translated into seven languages and successfully applied in and validated for eight countries, where language and survey method differed. The psychometric properties of the scale were assessed using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and Rasch modelling. The tested CFA models sufficiently well described the observed correlation structures. In most countries, the NAV-HL data displayed acceptable fit to the unidimensional Rasch partial credit model (PCM). For some countries, some items showed poor data–model fit when tested against the PCM, and some items displayed differential item functioning for selected person factors. The HLS19-NAV demonstrated high internal consistency. To ensure content validity, the HLS19-NAV was developed based on a conceptual framework. As an estimate of discriminant validity, the Pearson correlations between the NAV-HL and general health literacy (GEN-HL) scales were computed. Concurrent predictive validity was estimated by testing whether the HLS19-NAV, like general HL measures, follows a social gradient and whether it forms a predictor of general health status as a health-related outcome of general HL. In some countries, adjustments at the item level may be beneficial.
- Literacia em saúde e comunicação na promoção da adesão à vacinação contra a COVID-19Publication . Arriaga, Miguel Telo de; Costa, Andreia Silva da; Santos, Benvinda dos; Godinho, Cristina; Costa, Diana; Mendes, Diana; Mata, Francisco; Chaves, Nicole; Francisco, Rita; Gaspar, Rui; Fonseca, Válter; Freitas, Graça
- Navigational health literacyPublication . Schaeffer, Doris; Griese, Lennert; Arriaga, Miguel Telo de; Costa, Andreia Silva da; Francisco, Rita; De Gani, Saskia Maria; Jaks, Rebecca; Kučera, Zdeněk; Levin-Zamir, Diane; Link, Thomas; Mikšová, Dominika; Nowak, Peter; Pelikan, Jürgen M.; Silva, Carlota Ribeiro da; Straßmayr, Christa; Touzani, Rajae; Vrbovšek, Sanja; Vrdelja, Mitja