Authors
Abstract(s)
O autocuidado é uma área com grande relevância para a Enfermagem. Nas situações em que os clientes experimentam transições que decorrem e/ou resultam em compromissos ao nível do autocuidado importa considerar, dentro dos condicionalismos pessoais que podem influir no curso das transições e de acordo com Backman e Hentinen, os perfis e atitudes face ao autocuidado dos clientes. O conceito “perfil de autocuidado” é produto da biografia de cada cliente e das suas experiências de vida. Teoricamente, os perfis de autocuidado são 4: “Responsável”; “Formalmente Guiado”; “Independente” e de “Abandono”. Reconhecendo a importância deste constructo para a compreensão e abordagem terapêutica dos clientes, aqueles autores desenvolveram um instrumento – SCHDE - capaz de “descrever” o perfil de autocuidado.
O estudo aqui reportado, baseando-se naquele instrumento e na teoria que o sustenta, visou descrever os perfis de autocuidado de um grupo de clientes inscritos na Unidade de Saúde Familiar de Valadares. Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, do tipo descritivo e transversal; baseado numa amostra não probabilística e de conveniência, constituída por 112 indivíduos, dependentes nas actividades básicas de autocuidado. O valor de α de Cronbach apurado para a escala original situou-se na ordem dos 0,75, valor que consideramos aceitável. O resultado do α de Cronbach do instrumento no nosso estudo (de forma isolada) é 0,63, valor que nos recomenda muita precaução na leitura dos resultados. Os resultados apurados permitem-nos afirmar que, tal como nos dois estudos anteriores, a grande maioria dos participantes evidenciam perfis concretos de autocuidado marcados pela presença de um “mix”de características dos diferentes perfis (teóricos). O processo de análise factorial empreendido, com base nos dados que resultaram da avaliação dos perfis de autocuidado, permitiu-nos identificar um painel de 12 factores. Destes, foi possível perceber a existência de um conjunto positivamente associado ao perfil de autocuidado “Responsável”, dos quais se destacam: envelhecimento estimulante; relações interpessoais significativas; boa condição física; confiança nos profissionais de saúde; capacidade de decisão e responsabilidade.
Self-Care is an area with great relevance for nursing. In situations that the clients experiment transitions which involve self-care commitments, it is important to consider, within the personal constraints that may influence one’s development, the profiles and attitudes about clients’ self-care. The concept of "self-care profile” is a result from each client’s biography and life experiences. Theoretically, there are four self-care profiles: "Responsible" profile; "Formally guided" profile; "Independent" profile and "Abandoned" profile. By recognizing the importance of this term for the understanding and therapeutic approach to customers, the authors have developed an instrument - SCHDE – which is able “to describe” the self-care profile. The study presented here, based on that instrument and on the theory that supports him, describes the self-care profiles of a group of clients enrolled in Valadares’ Family Health Units. This study is quantitative, descriptive and transversal, based on a non-probabilistic convenience sample, composed by 112 individuals reporting dependence in basic self-care activities. The Cronbach's alpha value obtained for the original instrument was 0,75, value we considered acceptable. The statistic result of Cronbach’s alpha from the instrument in our study (isolated) is 0.63, a value which implies great caution when analysing the results. The level of dependency in self-care (Feeding, Bathing, Dressing ...) was calculated based on the "Instrument for Evaluating Dependence in Self Care", developed by ESEP and first used by Duke. The statistic value of Cronbach's alpha for this instrument is approximately 0.9. The results obtained allow us to say that, as in both previous studies, the majority of participants showed specific self-care profiles marked by the presence of a blend of characteristics from different (theoretical) profiles. The number of participants with profiles exclusively or predominantly of one of the four profiles is quite small; of around 10% of the sample. The process of factor analysis undertaken, based on data that resulted from the assessment of self-care profiles, allowed us to identify a panel of 12 factors. From these, it was possible to verify the existence of a set positively associated with the responsible self-care profile, namely: stimulant ageing; meaningful interpersonal relationships, good physical condition, confidence in healthcare professionals, decision-making and responsibility capacities
Self-Care is an area with great relevance for nursing. In situations that the clients experiment transitions which involve self-care commitments, it is important to consider, within the personal constraints that may influence one’s development, the profiles and attitudes about clients’ self-care. The concept of "self-care profile” is a result from each client’s biography and life experiences. Theoretically, there are four self-care profiles: "Responsible" profile; "Formally guided" profile; "Independent" profile and "Abandoned" profile. By recognizing the importance of this term for the understanding and therapeutic approach to customers, the authors have developed an instrument - SCHDE – which is able “to describe” the self-care profile. The study presented here, based on that instrument and on the theory that supports him, describes the self-care profiles of a group of clients enrolled in Valadares’ Family Health Units. This study is quantitative, descriptive and transversal, based on a non-probabilistic convenience sample, composed by 112 individuals reporting dependence in basic self-care activities. The Cronbach's alpha value obtained for the original instrument was 0,75, value we considered acceptable. The statistic result of Cronbach’s alpha from the instrument in our study (isolated) is 0.63, a value which implies great caution when analysing the results. The level of dependency in self-care (Feeding, Bathing, Dressing ...) was calculated based on the "Instrument for Evaluating Dependence in Self Care", developed by ESEP and first used by Duke. The statistic value of Cronbach's alpha for this instrument is approximately 0.9. The results obtained allow us to say that, as in both previous studies, the majority of participants showed specific self-care profiles marked by the presence of a blend of characteristics from different (theoretical) profiles. The number of participants with profiles exclusively or predominantly of one of the four profiles is quite small; of around 10% of the sample. The process of factor analysis undertaken, based on data that resulted from the assessment of self-care profiles, allowed us to identify a panel of 12 factors. From these, it was possible to verify the existence of a set positively associated with the responsible self-care profile, namely: stimulant ageing; meaningful interpersonal relationships, good physical condition, confidence in healthcare professionals, decision-making and responsibility capacities
Description
Keywords
Autocuidado Perfil de autocuidado Self care Self care profile