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Promover o desenvolvimento infantil do recém-nascido e lactente : a intervenção do enfermeiro especialista na era digital
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Abstract(s)
O enfermeiro deve sempre preocupar-se em atingir a excelência do seu exercício profissional através de reflexão e de atualização dos seus conhecimentos baseados em evidência científica. No caso do EESIP, este trabalha em parceria com a criança e família/pessoa significativa, independentemente do contexto, prestando cuidados avançados, com competência e segurança, para promover e atingir um estado de saúde o mais elevado possível, e assim, responder às necessidades do seu cliente. O Modelo de Promoção da Saúde, de Nola Pender, reforça a ideia de que os comportamentos de saúde são o resultado de mudanças em interação com o ambiente e são potenciados ao longo do ciclo de vida. Este resultado é influenciado pelas características e experiências individuais, bem como pelos comportamentos anteriores relacionados e fatores pessoais. É por este facto que em Enfermagem de Saúde Infantil e Pediátrica os cuidados antecipatórios são os mais privilegiados, sendo que no primeiro ano de vida, dada a grande plasticidade cerebral do recém-nascido e lactente, os torna vulneráveis no que concerne a aprendizagens e oportunidades de crescimento e desenvolvimento. Para uma melhor compreensão do desenvolvimento infantil no primeiro ano de vida é importante conhecer os indicadores saudáveis do mesmo, para assim identificar desvios que permitem uma intervenção especializada e respetivo encaminhamento se assim o justificar. Em Portugal estes indicadores são baseados na Escala de Avaliação do Desenvolvimento de Mary Sheridan Modificada, organizados em quatro domínios. Desta forma, e em resposta à questão de revisão: “Quais os indicadores de um desenvolvimento saudável no recém-nascido e lactente nos cuidados de Enfermagem?”, emergem resultados provenientes de uma scoping review que provam o grande interesse no estudo do desenvolvimento infantil no primeiro ano de vida por vários autores. No entanto, seria importante que alguns fossem atualizados e adequados à sociedade atual do séc. XXI, uma vez que estamos perante uma evolução tecnológica. De facto, a humanidade que hoje conhecemos está em constante mudança e isso deve-se ao crescimento do paradigma das tecnologias, onde os recursos digitais, cada vez mais móveis, têm ganho maior relevância na transmissão de informação e conhecimento. Estes acarretam muitas vantagens, sendo cada vez mais utilizados na saúde e na Enfermagem, principalmente nesta fase pandémica a nível mundial, cabendo ao enfermeiro saber adequar os mesmos ao seu alvo de cuidados. No entanto, também alguns riscos podem estar associados a estes recursos sendo necessário uma correta consciencialização para o seu uso por parte dos profissionais de saúde. Para além deste conhecimento baseado na evidência científica, o EESIP, no seu percurso, promove atividades que permitem o desenvolvimento de competências comuns e específicas que lhe garantem o know-how necessário para uma intervenção especializada e diferenciada, ao encontro das expectativas do seu cliente.
Nurses should always be concerned with achieving the excellence of their professional practice through reflection and updating of their knowledge based on scientific evidence. The pediatric nurse works in partnership with the child and family/significant person, regardless of the context, providing advanced care, with competence and safety, to promote and achieve the highest possible state of health, and thus to respond to the needs of its client. Nola Pender's Health Promotion Model reinforces the idea that health behaviors are the result of changes in interaction with the environment and are enhanced throughout the life cycle. This result is influenced by individual characteristics and experiences, as well as by previous related behaviors and personal factors. It is for this fact that pediatric nurses provide anticipatory care that is the most privileged in the first year of life, given the great brain plasticity of the newborn and infant, makes them vulnerable with regard to learning and opportunities for growth and development. For a better understanding of child development in the first year of life, it is important to know the healthy indicators of the same, in order to identify deviations that allow a specialized intervention and its referral if justified. In Portugal, these indicators are based on the Modified Mary Sheridan Development Assessment Scale, organized in four domains. Thus, and in response to the review question: “What are the indicators of healthy development in newborns and infants in nursing care?”, a scoping review has been conducted that mapped studies of child of child development in the first year of life by several authors. However, it would be important for some to be updated and appropriate to the current society of the 21st century, since we are facing a technological evolution. In fact, the humanity we know today is constantly changing and this is due to the growth of the technology paradigm, where digital resources, increasingly mobile, have gained greater relevance in the transmission of information and knowledge. These have many advantages, being increasingly used in health and Nursing, especially in this pandemic phase worldwide, and it is up to nurses to know how to adapt them to their care target. However, risks may also be associated with these resources and a correct awareness of their use by health professionals is necessary. In addition to this knowledge based on scientific evidence, the pediatric nurse, in its course, promotes activities that allow the development of common and specific skills that guarantee the know-how necessary for a specialized and differentiated intervention, meeting the expectations of its client.
Nurses should always be concerned with achieving the excellence of their professional practice through reflection and updating of their knowledge based on scientific evidence. The pediatric nurse works in partnership with the child and family/significant person, regardless of the context, providing advanced care, with competence and safety, to promote and achieve the highest possible state of health, and thus to respond to the needs of its client. Nola Pender's Health Promotion Model reinforces the idea that health behaviors are the result of changes in interaction with the environment and are enhanced throughout the life cycle. This result is influenced by individual characteristics and experiences, as well as by previous related behaviors and personal factors. It is for this fact that pediatric nurses provide anticipatory care that is the most privileged in the first year of life, given the great brain plasticity of the newborn and infant, makes them vulnerable with regard to learning and opportunities for growth and development. For a better understanding of child development in the first year of life, it is important to know the healthy indicators of the same, in order to identify deviations that allow a specialized intervention and its referral if justified. In Portugal, these indicators are based on the Modified Mary Sheridan Development Assessment Scale, organized in four domains. Thus, and in response to the review question: “What are the indicators of healthy development in newborns and infants in nursing care?”, a scoping review has been conducted that mapped studies of child of child development in the first year of life by several authors. However, it would be important for some to be updated and appropriate to the current society of the 21st century, since we are facing a technological evolution. In fact, the humanity we know today is constantly changing and this is due to the growth of the technology paradigm, where digital resources, increasingly mobile, have gained greater relevance in the transmission of information and knowledge. These have many advantages, being increasingly used in health and Nursing, especially in this pandemic phase worldwide, and it is up to nurses to know how to adapt them to their care target. However, risks may also be associated with these resources and a correct awareness of their use by health professionals is necessary. In addition to this knowledge based on scientific evidence, the pediatric nurse, in its course, promotes activities that allow the development of common and specific skills that guarantee the know-how necessary for a specialized and differentiated intervention, meeting the expectations of its client.
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Keywords
Desenvolvimento infantil Recém-nascido Lactente Enfermagem Era digital Child development Newborn Infant Nursing Digital era