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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
As novas tecnologias de informação e comunicação (TIC´s), precipitaram as sociedades atuais para verdadeiras e permanentes sociedades informacionais e comunicacionais, tendo a tecnologia tomado de assalto todas as facetas do nosso quotidiano. Para além do “ser social”, o Homem passou também a assumir-se como um “ser tecnológico”, sedente de informação e comunicação, de tal modo que as redes eletrónicas, publicamente acessíveis, como sejam, nomeadamente, sites, redes sociais e correio eletrónico, surgem como meios indispensáveis à vida humana. A mudança tecnológica, informacional e comunicacional foi adotada também, e naturalmente, para a prática de novos crimes, designados de informático-digitais, além de conferir nova roupagem à tipologia de crimes já existentes. O correio eletrónico passou a constituir o expediente técnico que, por excelência, quase em tempo real, nos permite comunicar, aceder ou enviar informação. As interceções e apreensões de comunicações eletrónicas configuram, atualmente, um dos mais importantes, senão mesmo, ousaríamos dizer, o mais importante dos meios de obtenção de prova no combate à criminalidade altamente organizada, criminalidade económica e corrupção, entre outros. Tal circunstância determina um novo paradigma de investigação criminal forense. A criminalidade informático-digital, pelas suas características e natureza, não pode mais ser investigada em termos clássicos. É necessário sensibilizar os OPC e os magistrados – judiciais e do MP – para a necessidade da presença do criminólogo forense, isto é, alguém especializado nas várias novas áreas do saber científico, que procure, na cena do crime, “o vestígio”. Neste contexto, o nosso trabalho versa sobre a chamada «cena do crime eletrónico-digital», pretendendo significar-se, não só a Internet e a Intranet, mas ainda, os diversos aparelhos de informação, comunicação e de armazenamento de fluxos informacionais e comunicacionais, eletrónico-digitais. Com a presente dissertação, pretende-se averiguar como e em que termos deve ser compreendida a obtenção a prova eletrónico-digital, sobretudo aquela que resulta do chamado “correio eletrónico”, atenta a desarmonia do nosso paradigma legislativo. Tentando harmonizar alguma desordem jurídica procuraremos compatibilizar os arts. 189.º do CPP; art. 17.º da Lei n.º 109/2009 de 15 de setembro, e, ainda, (face ao regime da retenção de dados de tráfego) a Lei n.º 32/2008, de 17 de julho. Concluímos pela necessidade de reformulação, atualização, rejuvenescimento e harmonização dos vários regimes existentes de obtenção da prova eletrónico-digital.
With new technologies of information and communication, modern communities turned into true societies of information and communication with technology taking control of every aspect of our daily lives. More than a social animal, man is now a technological being, thirsty for communication and information, in such a way that public networks, from websites to social networks and e-mail work now as a true appendix of the human being. Amid all this evolution, the electronic mail is the technical device that allows us to communicate, access or send information. This technological, informational and communicational shift is not unknow to criminals who now, not only commit new “technological” crimes, but also gained new tools to use for traditional crimes. The interception and apprehension of electronical communications configure, in today’s age, one, if not the most important way of, gathering evidence to fight, highly organized crime, economical crime, corruption, amongst others. All this directs us to a new paradigm of criminal forensic investigation. Classical investigation is not enough for today’s criminality and this reinforces the need for forensic criminologists, people with a wide range of scientific knowledge that will aid the Police and Magistrates on their pursuit of criminal evidence. In this context, this thesis focus on the digital crime scene, this includes not only the internet, but also a wide array of devices concerning informatic and digital communication and storage. With this thesis we pretend to ascertain the terms in which electronic-digital evidence should be perceived, with a special focus on apprehension of electronical mail and the disharmony concerning this topic in our legal system. While trying to solve this legal conundrum we shall try to harmonize the articles 189º of the CPP, article 17º of law 109/2009 of December 15th and, concerning traffic data, law 32/2008 of July 17th. We shall conclude that the reformulation and harmonization of the existent regimes of apprehension of electronic-digital law is very much needed.
With new technologies of information and communication, modern communities turned into true societies of information and communication with technology taking control of every aspect of our daily lives. More than a social animal, man is now a technological being, thirsty for communication and information, in such a way that public networks, from websites to social networks and e-mail work now as a true appendix of the human being. Amid all this evolution, the electronic mail is the technical device that allows us to communicate, access or send information. This technological, informational and communicational shift is not unknow to criminals who now, not only commit new “technological” crimes, but also gained new tools to use for traditional crimes. The interception and apprehension of electronical communications configure, in today’s age, one, if not the most important way of, gathering evidence to fight, highly organized crime, economical crime, corruption, amongst others. All this directs us to a new paradigm of criminal forensic investigation. Classical investigation is not enough for today’s criminality and this reinforces the need for forensic criminologists, people with a wide range of scientific knowledge that will aid the Police and Magistrates on their pursuit of criminal evidence. In this context, this thesis focus on the digital crime scene, this includes not only the internet, but also a wide array of devices concerning informatic and digital communication and storage. With this thesis we pretend to ascertain the terms in which electronic-digital evidence should be perceived, with a special focus on apprehension of electronical mail and the disharmony concerning this topic in our legal system. While trying to solve this legal conundrum we shall try to harmonize the articles 189º of the CPP, article 17º of law 109/2009 of December 15th and, concerning traffic data, law 32/2008 of July 17th. We shall conclude that the reformulation and harmonization of the existent regimes of apprehension of electronic-digital law is very much needed.
Description
Keywords
Prova eletrónico-digital Correio eletrónico Cibercrime Internet Electronic-digital law Electronic mail Cybercrime