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Ao longo das últimas décadas, com o aumento da proporção de mulheres de nacionalidade estrangeira entre a população reclusa, tornou-se importante compreender que variáveis são essenciais e caracterizadoras da maneira como as mulheres estrangeiras vivenciam a sua experiência de reclusão, e de que forma esta experiência contribui para a sua (re)construção identitária. Esse é o principal objetivo deste estudo. Assim, foram analisados estatisticamente dados sociodemográficos, jurídicos e penais de vinte e três mulheres de nacionalidade estrangeira presas em Portugal, e analisados qualitativamente os dados de entrevistas semiestruturadas realizadas a duas dessas mulheres. Os resultados quantitativos estão, na sua maioria, em concordância com o estado de arte, observando-se uma predominância de reclusas de nacionalidade brasileira, presas pelo crime de tráfico de estupefacientes. No entanto, ao contrário do verificado no estudo de Matos (2016), mais de metade das mulheres da amostra residiam em Portugal antes da reclusão. Através da análise qualitativa foi possível destacar aspetos que as mulheres apontaram como oportunidades de ser reclusa e estrangeira, tais como a proximidade com reclusas da mesma nacionalidade e a possibilidade de ocultar a reclusão dos filhos. Outros fatores, como a distância em relação à família, a falta de trabalho e de dinheiro, lacunas no apoio institucional, e discriminação, foram apontados como dificuldades de ser mulher, reclusa e de nacionalidade estrangeira.
Throughout the last decades, and with the increase in the number of foreign women within the prison population, it became crucial to understand which variables are essential and characterizing of the way foreign women perceive the imprisonment experience, as well as in what way does this experience contributes to their identity (re)construction. The present study aims to comprehend in what way being a woman and a foreigner impact the imprisonment experience. Therefore, sociodemographic, legal, and penal data of 23 foreign women in prison in Portugal were statistically analyzed. In addition, a qualitative analysis of data collected through semi-structured interviews to two of these inmates was developed. Regarding the quantitative results, in their vast majority, support the state of the art, revealing the predominance of Brazilian inmates imprisoned due to the traffic of narcotics. However, and contrary to what was verified by Matos (2016), more than half of the women considered in the sample were residing in Portugal prior to their confinement. Through the analysis of the qualitative data, one can emphasize several aspects depicted as opportunities, namely the proximity to inmates who share the same nationality and the dynamic of secrecy. Other circumstances are perceived as challenges, such as family distance, lack of work, money and institutional support, as well as discrimination.
Throughout the last decades, and with the increase in the number of foreign women within the prison population, it became crucial to understand which variables are essential and characterizing of the way foreign women perceive the imprisonment experience, as well as in what way does this experience contributes to their identity (re)construction. The present study aims to comprehend in what way being a woman and a foreigner impact the imprisonment experience. Therefore, sociodemographic, legal, and penal data of 23 foreign women in prison in Portugal were statistically analyzed. In addition, a qualitative analysis of data collected through semi-structured interviews to two of these inmates was developed. Regarding the quantitative results, in their vast majority, support the state of the art, revealing the predominance of Brazilian inmates imprisoned due to the traffic of narcotics. However, and contrary to what was verified by Matos (2016), more than half of the women considered in the sample were residing in Portugal prior to their confinement. Through the analysis of the qualitative data, one can emphasize several aspects depicted as opportunities, namely the proximity to inmates who share the same nationality and the dynamic of secrecy. Other circumstances are perceived as challenges, such as family distance, lack of work, money and institutional support, as well as discrimination.
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Keywords
Reclusão de mulheres de nacionalidade estrangeira Desafios Oportunidades Reconstrução identitária Foreign women imprisonment Challenges Opportunities Identity reconstruction