| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.42 MB | Adobe PDF |
Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A presente dissertação propôs-se analisar a importância da construção do Estado na Filosofia Política. Num grande número de nações, a vida em sociedade encontra-se, actualmente, organizada em torno do padrão ocidental do Estado democrático e de Direito. Com ele, a política na sua dimensão de poder englobante tornou-se fundamental. Os teóricos desta área do saber têm procurado compreender a génese do Estado e as suas competências político-sociais, bem como a relação entre o Estado e o indivíduo na óptica dos direitos individuais e da Justiça.
No contexto da recente produção filosófico-política, elegemos como objectivo analisar a perspectiva do Estado delineada por Robert Nozick. Para tal, procurámos situar este autor e o seu libertarismo no contexto das teorizações modernas e contemporâneas da Filosofia Política. Prosseguimos a tarefa com a abordagem das relações entre o Estado mínimo nozickiano e as diversas vertentes da Justiça, cuja pedra basilar são os direitos individuais.
Concomitantemente, aflorámos a preocupação com os direitos democráticos e o papel da moral na fundamentação da Justiça.
De um modo geral, não nos furtámos a tecer as nossas próprias considerações sobre a pertinência da abordagem de Robert Nozick, nem a propor uma perspectiva crítico-avaliativa do nozickismo relativamente ao paradigma actual.
The present work aims at analysing the central issue of the political construction of the State in political philosophy. In a great number of nations, life in society is currently organised around the Western pattern of the democratic law-governed State, within whose scope politics in its dimension of all-encompassing power earned a crucial role. Thinkers in this field of knowledge have tried to elucidate the origins of the State and the rise of its political and social responsibilities, as well as the relation between the State and the individual from the standpoint of Justice and individual rights. In the context of recent philosophical and political thinking, we endeavoured to study the conception of State outlined by Robert Nozick. To that end, we have undertaken to situate the author, as well as his libertarianism, in the framework of modern and contemporary theories of political philosophy. We then proceeded to approach the relations between the minimal State of Nozick and the different strands of Justice, whose cornerstone are individual rights. We have concurrently touched upon the issue of democratic rights and the role of morals as the foundation of Justice. By and large, we did not back away from weaving our own considerations on the relevance of Robert Nozick's approach and from putting Nozickian thought into critical perspective as regards the current paradigm.
The present work aims at analysing the central issue of the political construction of the State in political philosophy. In a great number of nations, life in society is currently organised around the Western pattern of the democratic law-governed State, within whose scope politics in its dimension of all-encompassing power earned a crucial role. Thinkers in this field of knowledge have tried to elucidate the origins of the State and the rise of its political and social responsibilities, as well as the relation between the State and the individual from the standpoint of Justice and individual rights. In the context of recent philosophical and political thinking, we endeavoured to study the conception of State outlined by Robert Nozick. To that end, we have undertaken to situate the author, as well as his libertarianism, in the framework of modern and contemporary theories of political philosophy. We then proceeded to approach the relations between the minimal State of Nozick and the different strands of Justice, whose cornerstone are individual rights. We have concurrently touched upon the issue of democratic rights and the role of morals as the foundation of Justice. By and large, we did not back away from weaving our own considerations on the relevance of Robert Nozick's approach and from putting Nozickian thought into critical perspective as regards the current paradigm.
Description
Keywords
Política Estado Robert Nozick Estado mínimo Justiça Politics State Minimal State Justice