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Abstract(s)
Introdução: O envelhecimento populacional é um fenómeno atual e global, com repercussões sociais e económicas que têm gerado sequelas na saúde e bem-estar das pessoas, das famílias e das comunidades. As incertezas resultantes do processo de cuidar, o medo e insegurança na execução de cuidados e a alteração de papéis sociais, são fatores geradores de sobrecarga do cuidador. Neste contexto, a espiritualidade é considerada um importante componente terapêutico em cuidados de saúde, sobretudo como estratégia para lidar com situações de exigência interna ou externa, geradoras de sobrecarga e stresse. Diversos estudos demonstram que a espiritualidade ajuda a encontrar significado e sentido para a vida e a lidar com as incertezas do futuro de uma forma mais eficaz. Objetivos: Verificar se existe relação entre espiritualidade e bem-estar subjetivo, em familiares cuidadores de idosos com dependência física; Conhecer os níveis de espiritualidade e de bem-estar subjetivo, dos familiares cuidadores de idosos com dependência física; Avaliar a relação entre as variáveis sociodemográficas e satisfação com a vida, afetividade positiva e afetividade negativa e espiritualidade e determinar a natureza da relação entre espiritualidade e bem-estar subjetivo em magnitude e orientação. Métodos: Estudo de natureza quantitativa e do tipo observacional, transversal, descritivo-correlacional. Utilizou-se um questionário constituído pela Satisfaction With Life Scale - PT (Simões, 1992), Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (Simões, 1993) e Spiritual Assessment Scale (Rego, 2007), com uma amostra do tipo não probabilística acidental. Resultados: Participaram 103 familiares cuidadores de idosos, com média de idade de 67.75 anos, maioritariamente do sexo feminino, e esposas em 55.3% dos casos. A média de satisfação com a vida foi de 14.10, de afetos positivos de 39.19, de afetos negativos de 29.09 e de espiritualidade de 72.84. Observou-se correlação significativa e positiva entre bem-estar subjetivo e espiritualidade e aumento do nível da espiritualidade e do bem-estar subjetivo em função da religiosidade dos familiares cuidadores. Conclusões: Estes resultados evidenciam a necessidade e a responsabilidade dos enfermeiros na assistência espiritual aos pacientes. A adoção de estratégias para promover o bem-estar espiritual deverão ser adequadas sempre que se determina uma resposta complexa, que não se reduz ao tratamento farmacológico. As intervenções são determinantes para a promoção de elevados níveis de bem-estar subjetivo do familiar cuidador, ou seja, ao promover a espiritualidade, serão elevados os níveis de satisfação com a vida, a promoção de afetos positivos e a diminuição de afetos negativos.
Introduction: Population aging is a current and global phenomenon, with social and economic impact, that has generated sequels on health and well-being of individuals, families and communities. The uncertainties resulting from the process of taking care, fear and insecurity in the execution of care giving and changes in social roles, are burden factors for the caregiver. In this context, spirituality is considered an important therapeutic component in health care, especially as a strategy for dealing with situations of internal or external demand, generators of overload and stress. Several studies show that spirituality helps finding meaning and direction to life, and dealing with the uncertainties of the future more effectively. Objectives: To determine whether there is a relationship between spirituality and subjective well-being in family caregivers of older adults with physical dependence; Knowing the levels of spirituality and subjective well-being of family caregivers of elderly people with physical dependence; Evaluate the relationship between sociodemographic variables and life satisfaction, positive affectivity and negative affectivity and spirituality and determine the nature of the relationship between spirituality and subjective well-being in magnitude and orientation. Methods: A quantitative study and an observational, cross-sectional, descriptive correlational. We used a questionnaire consisting of the Satisfaction With Life Scale - PT (Simões, 1992), Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (Simões, 1993) and Spiritual Assessment Scale (Rego, 2007), with a non-accidental probabilistic sample. Results: Participants were 103 family caregivers of elderly adults with an average age of 67.75 years, mostly female, and wives in 55.3% of cases. The average life satisfaction was 14:10, the positive affects of 39.19, the negative affects of 29.09 and 72.84 of spirituality. A significant positive correlation between subjective well-being and spirituality and increased level of spirituality and subjective well-being as a function of religiosity family caregivers was observed. Conclusions: These results show the need and responsibility of nurses in spiritual care to patients. The adoption of strategies to promote spiritual well-being should be appropriate whenever it determines a complex response, which is not limited to pharmacological treatment. Interventions are a key to promote high levels of subjective well-being of family caregivers, by promoting spirituality, high levels of satisfaction with life, the promotion of positive affects and the decreased of negative affects will be achieved.
Introduction: Population aging is a current and global phenomenon, with social and economic impact, that has generated sequels on health and well-being of individuals, families and communities. The uncertainties resulting from the process of taking care, fear and insecurity in the execution of care giving and changes in social roles, are burden factors for the caregiver. In this context, spirituality is considered an important therapeutic component in health care, especially as a strategy for dealing with situations of internal or external demand, generators of overload and stress. Several studies show that spirituality helps finding meaning and direction to life, and dealing with the uncertainties of the future more effectively. Objectives: To determine whether there is a relationship between spirituality and subjective well-being in family caregivers of older adults with physical dependence; Knowing the levels of spirituality and subjective well-being of family caregivers of elderly people with physical dependence; Evaluate the relationship between sociodemographic variables and life satisfaction, positive affectivity and negative affectivity and spirituality and determine the nature of the relationship between spirituality and subjective well-being in magnitude and orientation. Methods: A quantitative study and an observational, cross-sectional, descriptive correlational. We used a questionnaire consisting of the Satisfaction With Life Scale - PT (Simões, 1992), Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (Simões, 1993) and Spiritual Assessment Scale (Rego, 2007), with a non-accidental probabilistic sample. Results: Participants were 103 family caregivers of elderly adults with an average age of 67.75 years, mostly female, and wives in 55.3% of cases. The average life satisfaction was 14:10, the positive affects of 39.19, the negative affects of 29.09 and 72.84 of spirituality. A significant positive correlation between subjective well-being and spirituality and increased level of spirituality and subjective well-being as a function of religiosity family caregivers was observed. Conclusions: These results show the need and responsibility of nurses in spiritual care to patients. The adoption of strategies to promote spiritual well-being should be appropriate whenever it determines a complex response, which is not limited to pharmacological treatment. Interventions are a key to promote high levels of subjective well-being of family caregivers, by promoting spirituality, high levels of satisfaction with life, the promotion of positive affects and the decreased of negative affects will be achieved.
Description
Keywords
Espiritualidade Satisfação com a vida Bem-estar subjetivo Familiares cuidadores Enfermagem Spirituality Life satisfaction Subjective well-being Family Caregivers Nursing