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Introdução: o envelhecimento da população a nível europeu, a incidência e prevalência
da doença de Alzheimer (DA), a sobrecarga dos cuidadores, a institucionalização da
Pessoa idosa em Lar de idosos, atualmente designado por ERPI, leva à necessidade de
um maior conhecimento sobre o processo de cuidar da Pessoa idosa com DA, na
perspectiva dos cuidadores formais. Pretende-se compreender o processo de cuidar da
Pessoa idosa com DA institucionalizada numa ERPI, conhecendo as suas necessidades,
as dificuldades e estratégias no cuidado utilizadas pelas Ajudantes de Ação Direta
(AAD). Parte-se da questão de investigação “Como se constrói o processo de cuidar da
Pessoa idosa com DA institucionalizada numa ERPI, na perspetiva das AAD?”.
Metodologia: estudo exploratório e descritivo, com uma abordagem qualitativa,
recorrendo-se a uma amostra não probabilística por conveniência. Para tal, utilizou-se a
observação não-participante/indireta, a entrevista semiestruturada para a recolha dos
dados e, consequentemente a análise de conteúdo proposta por Laurence Bardin
(2011).
Resultados: os resultados colocam a descoberto a complexidade do fenómeno e
possibilitam um aumento do conhecimento sobre o processo de cuidar: necessidades
da Pessoa idosa, dificuldades na prestação de cuidados e estratégias de intervenção. As
necessidades identificadas foram: as fisiológicas, as afetivas, as de segurança, as
relacionais/sociais, as ocupacionais e as de cuidados totais/globais. Nas dificuldades
emergiram: as características definidoras do doente, do próprio cuidador, os saberes do
cuidador e os aspetos organizacionais. Como estratégias de intervenção: o conforto, a
segurança, a comunicação verbal e não verbal adequada, a informação/esclarecimento,
a orientação no tempo e espaço.
Conclusões: este processo advém das múltiplas necessidades multidimensionais, é
condicionado por dificuldades inerentes à díade Cuidador/Pessoa idosa, e aos aspetos
inerentes à organização, sendo gerido por estratégias variadas (intencionais) capazes de
serem promotoras do conforto e bem-estar da Pessoa idosa.
Introduction: The aging of the population at European level, the incidence and prevalence of Alzheimer's disease (AD), the burden on caregivers, the institutionalization of the elderly person in Nursing home, now called ERPI leads to the need for greater knowledge about the process to care for the elderly person with AD, from the perspective of formal caregivers. It aims to understand the process of caring for the elderly person with a institutionalized OF ERPI, knowing their needs, difficulties and strategies in the care used by the ADF. It is part of the research question "How do you build the process of taking care of the elderly person with institutionalized OF a ERPI, from the perspective of the AAD?”. Methodology: An exploratory and descriptive study, with a qualitative approach, using a non-probabilistic sample for convenience. For this, non-participant / indirect observation was used, the semi-structured interview for the data collection and, consequently, the content analysis proposed by Laurence Bardin (2011). Results: The overall result lay bare the complexity of the phenomenon and enable an increase in knowledge about the nature of the care process: Elderly Person needs, difficulties in care and used intervention strategies. The needs identified were: physiological, affective, security, relational/social, occupational and total/overall care. The difficulties emerged: the defining characteristics of the caregiver's own patient, caregiver knowledge and the organizational aspects. As intervention strategies: comfort, safety, communication verbal language, orientation in time and espace, information/clarification. And yet the proposals for improvement in care. Conclusions: This process comes from multiple multidimensional needs of the elderly person, it is conditioned by difficulties inherent in the dyad caregiver/elder, and aspects related to the organization and is managed by a variety of strategies (intentional) capable of being promoters of comfort and well-being the elder.
Introduction: The aging of the population at European level, the incidence and prevalence of Alzheimer's disease (AD), the burden on caregivers, the institutionalization of the elderly person in Nursing home, now called ERPI leads to the need for greater knowledge about the process to care for the elderly person with AD, from the perspective of formal caregivers. It aims to understand the process of caring for the elderly person with a institutionalized OF ERPI, knowing their needs, difficulties and strategies in the care used by the ADF. It is part of the research question "How do you build the process of taking care of the elderly person with institutionalized OF a ERPI, from the perspective of the AAD?”. Methodology: An exploratory and descriptive study, with a qualitative approach, using a non-probabilistic sample for convenience. For this, non-participant / indirect observation was used, the semi-structured interview for the data collection and, consequently, the content analysis proposed by Laurence Bardin (2011). Results: The overall result lay bare the complexity of the phenomenon and enable an increase in knowledge about the nature of the care process: Elderly Person needs, difficulties in care and used intervention strategies. The needs identified were: physiological, affective, security, relational/social, occupational and total/overall care. The difficulties emerged: the defining characteristics of the caregiver's own patient, caregiver knowledge and the organizational aspects. As intervention strategies: comfort, safety, communication verbal language, orientation in time and espace, information/clarification. And yet the proposals for improvement in care. Conclusions: This process comes from multiple multidimensional needs of the elderly person, it is conditioned by difficulties inherent in the dyad caregiver/elder, and aspects related to the organization and is managed by a variety of strategies (intentional) capable of being promoters of comfort and well-being the elder.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Cuidar Doença de Alzheimer Estratégias de intervenção Lar de idosos/ERPI Pessoa idosa Alzheimer's disease Elderly Intervention strategies Nursing home/ERPI Take care