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Relação entre exercício físico, autoestima, autoimagem, morbilidade psicológica e qualidade de vida nas mulheres
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Abstract(s)
Uma atividade física regular está bastante relacionada com bastantes benefícios para a saúde, e esta foi integrada com sucesso na prevenção primária, tratamento e reabilitação de várias doenças crónicas. O presente estudo teve como objetivos avaliar se existem diferenças entre o grupo que pratica exercício físico e o que não pratica ao nível da autoestima, autoimagem, morbilidade psicológica e qualidade de vida, e analisar a relação entre o exercício físico, a autoestima, autoimagem, morbilidade psicológica e qualidade de vida. Tratou-se de um estudo transversal, com 100 participantes do sexo feminino. Foram utilizados os seguintes instrumentos: questionário sociodemográfico; escala de ansiedade e depressão; international physical activity questionnaire; escala de autoestima de rosenberg; world health organization quality of life-BREF; escala de ansiedade, depressão e stress; escala de autoimagem. Os resultados revelam uma relação negativa não significativa entre o exercício físico e a morbilidade psicológica. Verificou-se uma relação significativa positiva entre a morbilidade psicológica e o stress, ansiedade e depressão, bem como entre o stress e a ansiedade, entre o stress e a depressão e entre a ansiedade e a depressão. Estes dados permitem verificar a importância da atividade física, uma vez que os participantes fisicamente ativos apresentaram maiores índices de autoestima, autoimagem, qualidade de vida física e psicológica e menores índices de stress, depressão e ansiedade. Foi possível verificar uma relação significativa positiva entre o exercício físico vigoroso e a autoestima, bem como entre a autoestima e a autoimagem, qualidade de vida física e qualidade de vida psicológica. No que concerne às limitações do estudo, este tratou-se de um estudo transversal, o que não permite fazer inferências causais. Devido ao tipo de amostra e ao processo de recolha de dados, não é possível fazer uma generalização dos resultados. É importante referir que o instrumento IPAQ não permitiu a obtenção de um total relativo à prática de exercício físico, pelo que foi necessário selecionar apenas uma pergunta do questionário o que não permitiu a utilização dos resultados completos do mesmo. O presente estudo permitiu verificar que a atividade física leva a maiores índices de autoestima, autoimagem, qualidade de vida física e qualidade de vida psicológica. Apesar de ter sido encontrada uma relação negativa não significativa entre a atividade física e a morbilidade psicológica, concluiu-se que praticantes de atividade física demonstram valores menores de stress, depressão e ansiedade. São necessários mais v estudos para investigar a importância da motivação para a prática de exercício físico, bem como estudos para explicar os níveis elevados de sedentarismo em Portugal.
Regular physical activity is closely related to many health benefits, and it has been successfully integrated into the primary prevention, treatment and rehabilitation of various chronic diseases. The present study aimed to evaluate if there are differences between the group that practices physical exercise and the one that does not practice in terms of self-esteem, self-image, psychological morbidity and quality of life, and to analyze the relationship between physical exercise, self-esteem, self-image, psychological morbidity and quality of life. This was a cross-sectional study with 100 female participants. The following instruments were used: sociodemographic questionnaire; anxiety and depression scale; international physical activity questionnaire; rosenberg self-esteem scale; world health organization quality of life-BREF; anxiety, depression and stress scale; self-image scale. The results reveal a non-significant negative relationship between physical exercise and psychological morbidity. There was a significant positive relationship between psychological morbidity and stress, anxiety and depression, as well as between stress and anxiety, between stress and depression and between anxiety and depression. These data allow us to verify the importance of physical activity, since the physically active participants had higher rates of self-esteem, self-image, physical and psychological quality of life and lower rates of stress, depression and anxiety. It was possible to verify a significant positive relationship between vigorous exercise and self-esteem, as well as between self-esteem and self-image, physical quality of life and psychological quality of life. Regarding the limitations of the study, this was a cross-sectional study, which does not allow making causal inferences. Due to the sample type and data collection process, it is not possible to generalize the results. It is important to mention that the IPAQ instrument did not allow to obtain a total related to the practice of physical exercise, so it was necessary to select only one question from the questionnaire, which did not allow the use of its complete results. The present study showed that physical activity leads to higher rates of self-esteem, selfimage, physical quality of life and psychological quality of life. Although a nonsignificant negative relationship was found between physical activity and psychological morbidity, it was concluded that practitioners of physical activity demonstrate lower values of stress, depression and anxiety. Further studies are needed to investigate the vii importance of motivation to exercise, as well as studies to explain the high levels of physical inactivity in Portugal.
Regular physical activity is closely related to many health benefits, and it has been successfully integrated into the primary prevention, treatment and rehabilitation of various chronic diseases. The present study aimed to evaluate if there are differences between the group that practices physical exercise and the one that does not practice in terms of self-esteem, self-image, psychological morbidity and quality of life, and to analyze the relationship between physical exercise, self-esteem, self-image, psychological morbidity and quality of life. This was a cross-sectional study with 100 female participants. The following instruments were used: sociodemographic questionnaire; anxiety and depression scale; international physical activity questionnaire; rosenberg self-esteem scale; world health organization quality of life-BREF; anxiety, depression and stress scale; self-image scale. The results reveal a non-significant negative relationship between physical exercise and psychological morbidity. There was a significant positive relationship between psychological morbidity and stress, anxiety and depression, as well as between stress and anxiety, between stress and depression and between anxiety and depression. These data allow us to verify the importance of physical activity, since the physically active participants had higher rates of self-esteem, self-image, physical and psychological quality of life and lower rates of stress, depression and anxiety. It was possible to verify a significant positive relationship between vigorous exercise and self-esteem, as well as between self-esteem and self-image, physical quality of life and psychological quality of life. Regarding the limitations of the study, this was a cross-sectional study, which does not allow making causal inferences. Due to the sample type and data collection process, it is not possible to generalize the results. It is important to mention that the IPAQ instrument did not allow to obtain a total related to the practice of physical exercise, so it was necessary to select only one question from the questionnaire, which did not allow the use of its complete results. The present study showed that physical activity leads to higher rates of self-esteem, selfimage, physical quality of life and psychological quality of life. Although a nonsignificant negative relationship was found between physical activity and psychological morbidity, it was concluded that practitioners of physical activity demonstrate lower values of stress, depression and anxiety. Further studies are needed to investigate the vii importance of motivation to exercise, as well as studies to explain the high levels of physical inactivity in Portugal.
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Keywords
Exercício físico Autoimagem Autoestima Stress Depressão Ansiedade e qualidade de vida Physical exercise Self-image Self-esteem Depression Anxiety and quality of life