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Cuidados de enfermagem especializados à pessoa submetida a transplante
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O investimento na formação assume um papel essencial no desenvolvimento de uma prestação de cuidados de enfermagem de excelência, através de uma prática baseada na evidência, assente na procura pela melhoria contínua da qualidade dos cuidados. Com este relatório, que surge no âmbito do décimo quarto curso de Mestrado em Enfermagem com área de especialização em Enfermagem Médico Cirúrgica – Pessoa em Situação Crítica, pretendo descrever, analisar e refletir acerca do desenvolvimento de competências especializadas ao longo do curso, com maior ênfase para o processo de aprendizagem desenvolvido ao longo dos estágios realizados no segundo ano. Ao longo dos últimos 25 anos, a prática clínica avançada dos enfermeiros tem-se revelado particularmente positiva para os resultados alcançados pelas pessoas em situação crítica submetidas a transplante (Kramer et al., 2019) pelo que esta é uma área de relevância para o desenvolvimento da Enfermagem enquanto profissão e ciência. No primeiro capítulo, de forma a refletir o desenvolvimento de competências na área da investigação, apresento uma revisão de literatura, utilizando a metodologia de revisão scoping proposta pelo Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI), cujo tema consiste nos cuidados de enfermagem na capacitação da pessoa submetida a transplante de órgão para o autocuidado. As experiências vivenciadas durante os períodos de estágio possibilitaram o desenvolvimento de uma prática de cuidados assente na análise crítica e reflexiva. Cuidar da pessoa em situação crítica e sua família constituiu um desafio bastante complexo, para o qual foi essencial mobilizar alguns fundamentos teóricos, nomeadamente a Teoria das Transições de Meleis, de forma a estruturar os cuidados prestados à luz de um referencial. Assim, o segundo capítulo destina-se à descrição, análise e reflexão acerca das competências científicas, técnicas e humanas desenvolvidas no âmbito da prestação de cuidados de enfermagem especializados à pessoa em situação crítica, em contexto de cuidados intensivos e em contexto de coordenação de colheita e transplantação. Ao longo da reflexão, realizo a articulação entre as atividades desenvolvidas e as competências especializadas a desenvolver, conforme o Regulamento nº 429/2018, de 16 de julho, que define as competências específicas do enfermeiro especialista em enfermagem médico-cirúrgica e o Regulamento nº 140/2019, de 6 de fevereiro, que define as competências comuns do enfermeiro especialista.
Investment in training plays an essential role in the development of excellent nursing care, through evidence-based practice, based on the search for continuous improvement in the quality of care. With this report, which appears within the scope of the fourteenth Master's Degree in Nursing with a specialization area in Medical-Surgical Nursing - Person in Critical Situation, I intended to describe, analyze and reflect on the development of specialized competences throughout the course with greater emphasis on the learning process developed during the internships carried out in the second semester. Over the last 25 years, the advanced clinical practice of nurses has proved to be particularly positive for the results achieved by people in critical situations undergoing transplantation (Kramer et al., 2019) so this is an area of relevance for development. of Nursing as a profession and science. In the first chapter, to reflect the development of competences in the research area, I present a literature review, using the scoping review methodology proposed by the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) whose theme is nursing care in the selfcare capacitation of the person undergoing organ transplantation. The experiences lived during the internship periods enabled the development of a care practice based on critical and reflective analysis. Taking care of the person in a critical situation and their family was a very complex challenge, for which it was essential to mobilize some theoretical foundations, in particular Meleis' Theory of Transitions, in order to structure the care provided in the light of a reference. Thus, in the second chapter I intended to describe, analyse and reflect on the scientific, technical and human competences developed within the scope of the provision of specialized nursing care to the person in a critical situation, in the context of intensive care and in the context of collection coordination and transplantation. Throughout the reflection, I carry out the articulation between the activities developed and the specialized skills to be developed, according to Regulamento nº 429/2018, of july 16th, which defines the specific competences of medical-surgical nursing specialist and the Regulamento nº 140/2019, of February 6th, which defines the common competences of the specialist nurse.
Investment in training plays an essential role in the development of excellent nursing care, through evidence-based practice, based on the search for continuous improvement in the quality of care. With this report, which appears within the scope of the fourteenth Master's Degree in Nursing with a specialization area in Medical-Surgical Nursing - Person in Critical Situation, I intended to describe, analyze and reflect on the development of specialized competences throughout the course with greater emphasis on the learning process developed during the internships carried out in the second semester. Over the last 25 years, the advanced clinical practice of nurses has proved to be particularly positive for the results achieved by people in critical situations undergoing transplantation (Kramer et al., 2019) so this is an area of relevance for development. of Nursing as a profession and science. In the first chapter, to reflect the development of competences in the research area, I present a literature review, using the scoping review methodology proposed by the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) whose theme is nursing care in the selfcare capacitation of the person undergoing organ transplantation. The experiences lived during the internship periods enabled the development of a care practice based on critical and reflective analysis. Taking care of the person in a critical situation and their family was a very complex challenge, for which it was essential to mobilize some theoretical foundations, in particular Meleis' Theory of Transitions, in order to structure the care provided in the light of a reference. Thus, in the second chapter I intended to describe, analyse and reflect on the scientific, technical and human competences developed within the scope of the provision of specialized nursing care to the person in a critical situation, in the context of intensive care and in the context of collection coordination and transplantation. Throughout the reflection, I carry out the articulation between the activities developed and the specialized skills to be developed, according to Regulamento nº 429/2018, of july 16th, which defines the specific competences of medical-surgical nursing specialist and the Regulamento nº 140/2019, of February 6th, which defines the common competences of the specialist nurse.
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Keywords
Enfermagem Cuidados de enfermagem Pessoa em situação crítica Transplante Autocuidado Nursing Nursing care Critically ill person Transplantation Selfcare