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Abstract(s)
O adoecer faz parte da vida. Todavia, algumas doenças levam à hospitalização, afetando a
vida das pessoas durante um determinado período de tempo. A situação fica mais grave
quando o paciente é uma criança, causando a hospitalização, pois, além de ocasionar uma
debilidade física, pode haver prejuízos nas etapas de desenvolvimento mais importantes da
vida. A pesquisa parte do princípio de que, no caso de tratamento oncológico as crianças
ficam no hospital internadas em tempo prolongado. Logo na primeira consulta, a criança é
submetida a uma série de exames dolorosos e já fica pelo menos três dias no hospital,
quebrando então sua rotina escolar. Diante disso, o presente trabalho trata sobre a
alfabetização de crianças hospitalizadas. O processo de alfabetização se inicia desde muito
cedo, antes mesmo da criança frequentar uma escola. É um processo decisivo na vida da
criança visto que através dele a mesma começa a desenvolver habilidades na leitura e na
escrita. É o momento em que a criança descobre esse universo e, concomitante, o prazer de
compreender e apropriar-se desse mundo. Tem-se como problema que instiga a investigação:
de que maneira acontece o processo de alfabetização das crianças em ambiente hospitalar? A
pesquisa se justifica pela necessidade de maior compreensão sobre as possibilidades de
alfabetização de crianças hospitalizadas, além de contribuir para a produção do corpo de
conhecimentos tanto na saúde como na educação, possibilitando uma reflexão sobre a
importância da classe hospitalar, da brinquedoteca e de apontar a grande lacuna científica
existente nessa temática. Para tanto, esse estudo tem como objetivo geral: analisar o processo
de alfabetização das crianças de 5 à 8 anos internadas no Hospital Aldenora Bello, São Luís –
MA, e, como objetivos específicos: conhecer a rotina e as ações pedagógicas da classe
hospitalar/brinquedoteca; observar como ocorre o processo de alfabetização das crianças
hospitalizadas; Identificar os métodos educativos utilizados pela equipe do hospital na
alfabetização das crianças; avaliar a opinião dos profissionais que atuam na alfabetização
hospitalar. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de campo com abordagem qualitativa. A pesquisa foi
realizada na ala pediátrica de um hospital pioneiro no tratamento do câncer no estado do
Maranhão. Participaram da pesquisa profissionais e voluntários que atuam na alfabetização
das crianças de 5 a 8 anos. A brinquedoteca do hospital consiste em um ambiente alegre e
bem decorado, que realiza atividades durante a semana (segunda a sexta feira) no período
matutino e vespertino por meio dos voluntários. As atividades ali realizadas promovem o
bem-estar das crianças, interação social e estimulam o desenvolvimento psicomotor. Os
voluntários e profissionais unanimemente concordaram que é importante que as crianças
sejam alfabetizadas, e que as atividades realizadas na brinquedoteca e na sala de aula durante
o período de internação têm o poder de transformar o ambiente hospitalar. Relataram também
que os turnos matutinos e vespertinos são os melhores horários para ofertar esse atendimento
educacional. Os participantes da pesquisa apontaram que todas as crianças devem receber o
atendimento, e o mesmo deve ocorrer de preferência em ambiente especifico, porém, para as
crianças que estão em isolamento ou com dificuldade de locomoção o atendimento é ofertado
no leito.
The teacher be part of life. However, some disease leads to hospitalization, affecting the people lives during determinate period of time. The situation gets harder when the patient is a child, causing the hospitalization, because besides to cause physical weakness, there may be losses in the most important stages of life. The research starts from the beginning in cases of oncological treatment the children stays admitted at hospital for a extended time. In the first time the appointment with the doctor the child have to do a series of painful examinations and stays about three days at the hospital, intervening in the child's school routine. Therefore, this work deals with the literacy of hospitalized children. The process of literacy begins very early, even before the child attends a school. It's a decisive process in child's life and through it the child starts develop reading and writing abilities. It's a moment that child discover this universe, the pleasure of understand and to appropriate of this world. There is a problem that instigates the research: what way happens the children literacy process at hospital environment? The research is justified about the necessity biggest understanding about possibilities of literacy of hospitalized children, beyond contribute to knowledge production in healthy and education, making possible an reflection about the important of hospital class, of toy library and indicate the big scientific gap that exists on this subject. Therefore, this article has general objective: analyze the process of literacy of 5 to 8 years old children that are admitted at Aldenora Bello Hospital, São Luis – MA, and with specific objectives: to know the routine and pedagogical actions of class hospital/toy library; to watch how the literacy process of hospitalized children happens; identify educational methods that are used by hospital team in children literacy; rate the professionals opinion that act in the hospital literacy. It's about a qualitative field research. The research was made in pediatric ward of a pioneer hospital in cancer treatment at state of Maranhão. In this research there was participate of professional and volunteers that act in 5 to 8 years old children literacy. The toy library of hospital is a happy and decorated room, and there many activities during the week (monday to friday) in the morning and evening with the volunteers. The activities made there promote the children well-being, social interaction and estimulates the psychomotor development. The professionals and volunteers agrees that is important that the children be literate, and the activities made in toy library and class room during the admitted period has a power of transformate the hospital environment. They reports that the morning and evening period are the better time to offer the educational service. The people that participated of research reports that every child should receive the service, and the same should happen in specific room, however, for children that are in isolation or with walking difficulties the service is offered in the bed.
The teacher be part of life. However, some disease leads to hospitalization, affecting the people lives during determinate period of time. The situation gets harder when the patient is a child, causing the hospitalization, because besides to cause physical weakness, there may be losses in the most important stages of life. The research starts from the beginning in cases of oncological treatment the children stays admitted at hospital for a extended time. In the first time the appointment with the doctor the child have to do a series of painful examinations and stays about three days at the hospital, intervening in the child's school routine. Therefore, this work deals with the literacy of hospitalized children. The process of literacy begins very early, even before the child attends a school. It's a decisive process in child's life and through it the child starts develop reading and writing abilities. It's a moment that child discover this universe, the pleasure of understand and to appropriate of this world. There is a problem that instigates the research: what way happens the children literacy process at hospital environment? The research is justified about the necessity biggest understanding about possibilities of literacy of hospitalized children, beyond contribute to knowledge production in healthy and education, making possible an reflection about the important of hospital class, of toy library and indicate the big scientific gap that exists on this subject. Therefore, this article has general objective: analyze the process of literacy of 5 to 8 years old children that are admitted at Aldenora Bello Hospital, São Luis – MA, and with specific objectives: to know the routine and pedagogical actions of class hospital/toy library; to watch how the literacy process of hospitalized children happens; identify educational methods that are used by hospital team in children literacy; rate the professionals opinion that act in the hospital literacy. It's about a qualitative field research. The research was made in pediatric ward of a pioneer hospital in cancer treatment at state of Maranhão. In this research there was participate of professional and volunteers that act in 5 to 8 years old children literacy. The toy library of hospital is a happy and decorated room, and there many activities during the week (monday to friday) in the morning and evening with the volunteers. The activities made there promote the children well-being, social interaction and estimulates the psychomotor development. The professionals and volunteers agrees that is important that the children be literate, and the activities made in toy library and class room during the admitted period has a power of transformate the hospital environment. They reports that the morning and evening period are the better time to offer the educational service. The people that participated of research reports that every child should receive the service, and the same should happen in specific room, however, for children that are in isolation or with walking difficulties the service is offered in the bed.
Description
Keywords
Processo de alfabetização Pedagogia hospitalar Crianças hospitalizadas Literacy process Hospital pedagogy Hospitalized children