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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Este estudo visa conhecer o fundamentalismo islâmico e a sua simbiose com o terrorismo.
Procurarei caracterizar o fundamentalismo islâmico idêntico e identificar a tipologia essencial
do terrorismo jihadista, a mutação ocorrida na forma atual de fazer terrorismo, identificando a
natureza, as motivações, os objetivos e as consequências para o mundo global
contemporâneo, principalmente com a entrada de novos atores assimétricos, como a Al-
Qaeda. O terrorismo tem provocado muita insegurança na sociedade ocidental. A ameaça
difusa do terrorismo fundamentalista islâmico é percebida como usurpadora da liberdade e
tem comprometido seriamente a segurança coletiva, sendo capaz de colocar em causa as
estruturas basilares do estado-nação. Naturalmente, perceberemos que, da parte dos
fundamentalistas islâmicos, existe ódio ao ocidente, principalmente aos Estados Unidos da
América e a Europa, pois as suas políticas de imposição cultural, o regime político imposto a
países do Médio Oriente e, principalmente, os interesses económicos, motivados pelo
petróleo, tem provocado uma grande revolta no mundo árabe, acompanhada da consequente
expansão do islamismo. Por isso, vemos islamitas radicais, prontos a entregar sua vida em
nome de Deus, como mártires, produzindo atos de terror contra o profanador, como forma de
proteger e expandir a sua cultura e a sua religião. Aqui residirá um dos grades desafios desde
século: encontrar soluções que permitam aplacar o crescimento dos radicais terroristas
islâmicos, através dos sistemas de informações, de segurança, dos militares e, principalmente,
da mudança das políticas ocidentais diante do Médio Oriente. Concluirei apresentando
diversas hipóteses de solução, estratégias a adotar pelos estados e pela sociedade civil, para
combater o terrorismo global, a partir de uma abordagem positiva, construtora da paz nas
relações fraternas entre as culturas diversas, que são muito mais eficazes e não violam os
valores humanos universalmente conhecidos.
The present study research pretends to explain about the Islamic fundamentalism and its symbioses with the terrorism. I´ll try to characterize the identic fundamentalism and identify the essential typology of the jihadist terrorism, the mutation occurred in the forms of actual terrorism, nature, motivations, objectives and the consequences for the contemporary global words, mostly with the joining of new asymmetric actors like the Al-Qaeda. The terrorism has caused much insecurity at the occidental society. The widespread threat of the Muslim fundamentalist terrorism is perceived as a usurper of liberty and it has also compromised the collective security, being able to cause destruction of the basic structures of the state-nation. Naturally, we understand that from the Muslim fundamentalist part; they hate the occident, especially the United States of America an the Europe, because of their politic of cultural imposition, a political regime imposed of the Middle East countries, and most of all the economic interest, motivated by the petroleum, it has caused a great revolt in the Arabic world, which also has, as a purpose, the expansion of the Muslim. As a reaction, they are seen as radical Muslims, capable of sacrificing their own in God´s name, they die as martyr, causing acts of terrorism against the invasive, as a way of protecting and expanding their own culture and religion. That´s where the greatest challenge of the century will dwell: that is to find solutions that prevent the development of the Muslim radical terrorists, through the system of information, security, military and, especially the change of the occidental politics before the Middle Orient. And we will achieve closure by presenting many hypotheses solutions and strategies, together with the states and civil societies, fighting the global terrorism, this means positive view, constructor of peace in fraternal relationship between different cultures, which are more efficient and do not violate the universal human values.
The present study research pretends to explain about the Islamic fundamentalism and its symbioses with the terrorism. I´ll try to characterize the identic fundamentalism and identify the essential typology of the jihadist terrorism, the mutation occurred in the forms of actual terrorism, nature, motivations, objectives and the consequences for the contemporary global words, mostly with the joining of new asymmetric actors like the Al-Qaeda. The terrorism has caused much insecurity at the occidental society. The widespread threat of the Muslim fundamentalist terrorism is perceived as a usurper of liberty and it has also compromised the collective security, being able to cause destruction of the basic structures of the state-nation. Naturally, we understand that from the Muslim fundamentalist part; they hate the occident, especially the United States of America an the Europe, because of their politic of cultural imposition, a political regime imposed of the Middle East countries, and most of all the economic interest, motivated by the petroleum, it has caused a great revolt in the Arabic world, which also has, as a purpose, the expansion of the Muslim. As a reaction, they are seen as radical Muslims, capable of sacrificing their own in God´s name, they die as martyr, causing acts of terrorism against the invasive, as a way of protecting and expanding their own culture and religion. That´s where the greatest challenge of the century will dwell: that is to find solutions that prevent the development of the Muslim radical terrorists, through the system of information, security, military and, especially the change of the occidental politics before the Middle Orient. And we will achieve closure by presenting many hypotheses solutions and strategies, together with the states and civil societies, fighting the global terrorism, this means positive view, constructor of peace in fraternal relationship between different cultures, which are more efficient and do not violate the universal human values.
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Keywords
Fundamentalismo islâmico Terrorismo Segurança Ameaça Estratégia Islamic fundamentalism Terrorism Security Threats Strategies Information