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Abstract(s)
Atualmente, as Úlceras de Pressão (UP) são um indicador da qualidade dos cuidados e da segurança do doente (OMS, 2009). Caracterizadas como feridas de difícil cicatrização, têm associadas importantes co-morbilidades e complicações que as tornam potencialmente fatais. Assim, a prevenção e tratamento constituem um aspeto fulcral do seu controlo no qual os enfermeiros desempenham um importante papel. No entanto, tem-se verificado uma lacuna entre o conhecimento científico e a aplicação na prática clínica desse mesmo conhecimento, contribuindo assim para os elevados números de prevalência e incidência a nível mundial. Desta forma, surgiu esta investigação que se enquadra na problemática da Prevenção e Tratamento de Úlceras de Pressão e circunscreve-se na esfera da influência do conhecimento na prática clínica dos enfermeiros em estudo.
Com base na amostra de 96 enfermeiros, colaboradores nos serviços de Medicina de diferentes Hospitais da Península de Setúbal, desenvolvemos um estudo transversal, correlacional e descritivo de âmbito quantitativo, que procurou conhecer a influência do conhecimento sobre Prevenção e Tratamento de Úlceras de Pressão na prática clínica dos enfermeiros. Também foram objetivos do mesmo explorar o conhecimento das Guidelines, observar o nível de influência do conhecimento na prática clínica e identificar os fatores profissionais e educacionais que influenciam o conhecimento e a prática.
Concluímos que existe uma relação direta entre os conhecimentos dos enfermeiros e o que estes aplicam na prática clínica. Quanto aos conhecimentos dos enfermeiros sobre a prevenção e tratamento das úlceras de pressão, encontram-se abaixo dos valores esperados. Relativamente ao tempo de experiência profissional, são os enfermeiros com mais de 15 anos de profissão que demonstram mais conhecimentos mas, o tempo de experiência profissional apenas influencia os conhecimentos relativos ao tratamento das UP. Verificou-se também que a participação dos enfermeiros em Congressos/Jornadas têm uma influência positiva na prática clínica do tratamento de UP e no score global de prática clínica. Por último, inferimos que a participação em cursos de pós-graduação ou de formação avançada sobre prevenção e tratamento de UP influencia os conhecimentos sobre tratamento de UP, a prática de prevenção de UP e o score global de conhecimentos.
Currently, the Pressure Ulcer (PU) are seen as an indicator of quality of care and patient safety (World Health Organization - WHO, 2009). Characterized as poorly healing wounds, are associated with significant co-morbidities and complications that make them potentially fatal. Correspondingly, the prevention and treatment is a key aspect of its control in which nurses play an important role. However, there has been a gap between scientific knowledge and clinical application of that knowledge, thus contributing to the high incidence and prevalence numbers that currently dominate the world. Thus, this research has emerged that fits the problem of Prevention and Treatment of Pressure Ulcers and is limited to the sphere of influence of knowledge in clinical practice of nurses in the study. Based on the sample of 96 nurses, employees in different departments of Medicine Hospitals Setúbal Peninsula, we develop a cross-sectional, descriptive correlacionale quantitative framework, which sought to determine the influence of knowledge on the Prevention and Treatment of Pressure Ulcers in clinical practice nurses. Goals were also the same exploit knowledge of the Guidelines, observe the influence level of knowledge in clinical practice and to identify factors that influence educational and professional knowledge and practice. We conclude that there is a direct relationship between the knowledge of nurses and that these apply in clinical practice. As for the knowledge of nurses on the prevention and treatment of pressure ulcers, are below the expected values. With regard to professional experience, nurses are over 15 years of experience demonstrating more knowledge but nevertheless, the professional experience only influences knowledge related to the treatment of Pressure Ulcers. It was also found that the participation of nurses in Conferences / Workshops have a positive influence on the clinical practice of treating the UP and the overall score of clinical practice. Finally, we infer that participation in post-graduate or advanced training on the prevention and treatment of UP influences knowledge about treatment of UP, the practice of PU prevention and overall knowledge score.
Currently, the Pressure Ulcer (PU) are seen as an indicator of quality of care and patient safety (World Health Organization - WHO, 2009). Characterized as poorly healing wounds, are associated with significant co-morbidities and complications that make them potentially fatal. Correspondingly, the prevention and treatment is a key aspect of its control in which nurses play an important role. However, there has been a gap between scientific knowledge and clinical application of that knowledge, thus contributing to the high incidence and prevalence numbers that currently dominate the world. Thus, this research has emerged that fits the problem of Prevention and Treatment of Pressure Ulcers and is limited to the sphere of influence of knowledge in clinical practice of nurses in the study. Based on the sample of 96 nurses, employees in different departments of Medicine Hospitals Setúbal Peninsula, we develop a cross-sectional, descriptive correlacionale quantitative framework, which sought to determine the influence of knowledge on the Prevention and Treatment of Pressure Ulcers in clinical practice nurses. Goals were also the same exploit knowledge of the Guidelines, observe the influence level of knowledge in clinical practice and to identify factors that influence educational and professional knowledge and practice. We conclude that there is a direct relationship between the knowledge of nurses and that these apply in clinical practice. As for the knowledge of nurses on the prevention and treatment of pressure ulcers, are below the expected values. With regard to professional experience, nurses are over 15 years of experience demonstrating more knowledge but nevertheless, the professional experience only influences knowledge related to the treatment of Pressure Ulcers. It was also found that the participation of nurses in Conferences / Workshops have a positive influence on the clinical practice of treating the UP and the overall score of clinical practice. Finally, we infer that participation in post-graduate or advanced training on the prevention and treatment of UP influences knowledge about treatment of UP, the practice of PU prevention and overall knowledge score.
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Keywords
Úlcera de pressão Enfermagem Conhecimento Prática clínica Pressure ulcer Nursing Knowledge Clinical practice