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Introdução: As crianças com cancro manifestam diversos efeitos colaterais consequentes do tratamento antineoplásico, dos quais se destacam as complicações orais. Os cuidados de higiene oral e a prevenção de quaisquer focos infeciosos na cavidade oral são essenciais, uma vez que esta tem sido reconhecida como a fonte de sépsis mais comum nestes pacientes. Objetivos: Analisar as orientações clínicas destinadas a prevenir e tratar as manifestações orais mais prevalentes em crianças/adolescentes submetidos à terapia antineoplásica, no Serviço de Oncologia Pediátrica do Centro Hospitalar Universitário São João (CHUSJ). Determinar o conhecimento dos pais/cuidadores sobre saúde e hábitos de higiene oral. Comparar resultados obtidos no CHUSJ com os dados decorrentes de trabalho semelhante, no Instituto Português de Oncologia do Porto, Francisco Gentil. Materiais e métodos: Estudo do tipo observacional analítico transversal, que avaliou os conhecimentos e práticas de higiene oral dos pais/cuidadores, assim como o conhecimento sobre as alterações na cavidade oral ao longo do tratamento antineoplásico. Recorreu-se à aplicação de questionários, por meio de entrevistas, a uma amostra de conveniência, constituída pelo maior número possível de pais/cuidadores de crianças diagnosticadas com cancro, acompanhadas no Serviço de Oncologia Pediátrica do CHUSJ. Resultados: Cerca de 58% das crianças, de ambos os hospitais que participaram neste estudo, foram observadas por um médico dentista/estomatologista antes de iniciar o tratamento antineoplásico e, cerca de 87% dos pais/cuidadores afirmaram ter recebido informações sobre possíveis complicações orais. No total, cerca de 85% das crianças apresentaram manifestações orais. A presença de um médico dentista/estomatologista na equipa médica hospitalar é considerada importante por 98% dos pais/cuidadores. Conclusão: As orientações de promoção de saúde oral têm limitações na sua implementação e conteúdo, nas instituições estudadas. Seria desejável que todos os pacientes recebessem cuidados de saúde oral preconizados, beneficiando de uma melhor qualidade de vida e redução nas co-morbilidades associadas à terapia oncológica.
Introduction: Children with cancer suffer from several side effects as a result of cancer treatment. Oral complications are amongst the most frequent. Hence, oral care and the prevention of any infectious foci are essential, as the oral cavity has been recognized as one of the most common sources of sepsis, in these patients. Objectives: To analyse clinical protocols in use at the Paediatric Oncology Unit, at the Centro Hospitalar Universitário São João (CHUSJ), Porto, to prevent and manage most common oral complications in children and adolescents undergoing cancer therapy. To assess parents/caregivers´ oral health behaviours and knowledge. To compare data from the CHUSJ with the previous study at the Instituto Português de Oncologia do Porto, Francisco Gentil. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional observational study was performed to evaluate the literacy on oral health and oral hygiene practices of parents/caregivers, as well as their knowledge about changes in the oral cavity, during cancer treatment. Questionnaires were applied to a convenience sample of parents/caregivers of children diagnosed with cancer, at the CHUSJ. Results: Approximately 58% of the children included in this study had an initial consultation with a dentist/stomatologist before initiating cancer treatment and around 87% of the parents/caregivers were informed about possible oral complications. About 85% of the children had oral manifestations. Nearly 98% of the parents/caregivers valued the role of the dentist/stomatologist in the hospital´s medical team. Conclusion: Oral health promotion practices could be improved in their scope and reach, at both cancer departments. Benefiting every patient with the best oral health care, would be mostly desirable, in order to improve their overall wellbeing and cancer therapy-related co-morbidities.
Introduction: Children with cancer suffer from several side effects as a result of cancer treatment. Oral complications are amongst the most frequent. Hence, oral care and the prevention of any infectious foci are essential, as the oral cavity has been recognized as one of the most common sources of sepsis, in these patients. Objectives: To analyse clinical protocols in use at the Paediatric Oncology Unit, at the Centro Hospitalar Universitário São João (CHUSJ), Porto, to prevent and manage most common oral complications in children and adolescents undergoing cancer therapy. To assess parents/caregivers´ oral health behaviours and knowledge. To compare data from the CHUSJ with the previous study at the Instituto Português de Oncologia do Porto, Francisco Gentil. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional observational study was performed to evaluate the literacy on oral health and oral hygiene practices of parents/caregivers, as well as their knowledge about changes in the oral cavity, during cancer treatment. Questionnaires were applied to a convenience sample of parents/caregivers of children diagnosed with cancer, at the CHUSJ. Results: Approximately 58% of the children included in this study had an initial consultation with a dentist/stomatologist before initiating cancer treatment and around 87% of the parents/caregivers were informed about possible oral complications. About 85% of the children had oral manifestations. Nearly 98% of the parents/caregivers valued the role of the dentist/stomatologist in the hospital´s medical team. Conclusion: Oral health promotion practices could be improved in their scope and reach, at both cancer departments. Benefiting every patient with the best oral health care, would be mostly desirable, in order to improve their overall wellbeing and cancer therapy-related co-morbidities.
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Keywords
Infância Neoplasias Saúde oral Higiene oral Protocolos clínicos Child Neoplasms Oral health Oral hygiene Clinical protocols