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Abstract(s)
A violência pelo parceiro íntimo (VPI) tem diversas consequências para as vítimas, que
afetam a sua saúde, autoconfiança e autoestima. O objetivo deste estudo foca-se na
autoestima em mulheres que sofrem de VPI, analisando a relação entre os estilos de
vinculação, imagem corporal, os diversos tipos de violência e o seu impacto na autoestima
na mulher vítima de VPI. É um estudo metodológico com base numa abordagem
quantitativa, com desenho de investigação transversal, descritivo e analítico. A amostra é
composta por 233 mulheres, 104 vítimas e 129 não vítimas, sendo os dados recolhidos no
Núcleo de Investigação e de Apoio a Vítimas Específicas de Braga (NIAVE), através da
aplicação dos seguintes instrumentos: Questionário Sociodemográfico; Escalas Táticas
de Conflitos Revisadas; a Escala de Vinculação do Adulto; o Body Appreciation Scale2; e a Escala da Autoestima. Verificou-se que mulheres vítimas de VPI são mais
propensas a sentirem ansiedade, de não se sentirem confortáveis com a proximidade e de
não confiarem nos outros, indicando assim um estilo de vinculação inseguro (ansioso ou
evitante), encontrando-se diferenças estatisticamente significativas. As mulheres vítimas
também apresentam valores mais baixos relativamente à imagem corporal positiva e à
autoestima. Verificaram-se relações positivas estatisticamente significativas entre a
autoestima e dimensões dos estilos de vinculação, nomeadamente o conforto com a
proximidade e a confiança nos outros, e entre a autoestima e uma imagem corporal
positiva. Foram igualmente encontradas relações estatisticamente negativas entre uma das
dimensões dos estilos de vinculação (ansiedade) e a autoestima, bem como entre a
autoestima, as dimensões dos estilos de vinculação (conforto com a proximidade e
confiança nos outros) e uma imagem corporal positiva e os diferentes tipos de VPI.
Adicionalmente, verificou-se que ter mais escolaridade, menor agressão psicológica, ter
um estilo de vinculação caracterizado pelo conforto com a proximidade e uma imagem
corporal positiva são os preditores mais importantes da autoestima nesta amostra. Os
resultados obtidos mostram que as mulheres portuguesas vítimas de VPI precisam de
intervenções que trabalhem ao nível dos estilos de vinculação e da imagem corporal,
assim melhorando os níveis de autoestima.
Intimate partner violence (IPV) has different consequences on victims, which affect their health, self-confidence and self-esteem. The aim of this study focuses on self-esteem in women who suffer intimate partner violence, analyzing the relationship between attachment styles, body image, the different types of violence and their impact on selfesteem in women who are victims of IPV. This is a methodological study based on a quantitative approach with o cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical design. The sample has 233 women, 104 victims and 129 non-victims, with data collected at the Núcleo de Investigação e de Apoio a Vítimas Específicas of Braga (NIAVE), through the application of the following instruments: Sociodemographic Questionnaire; The Revised Conflict Tactics Scales; Adult Attachment Scale; Body Appreciation Scale-2; and SelfEsteem Scale. It was found that women victims of IPV are more likely to feel anxiety, to not feel comfortable with proximity and not trust others, thus indicating an insecure attachment style (anxious or avoidant), with statistically significant differences. Victims also have lower scores regarding positive body image and self-esteem. There were statistically significant positive relationships between self-esteem and dimensions of attachment Styles (comfort with proximity and trust in others) and between self-esteem and a positive body image. Statistically negative relationships were also found between one of the dimensions of attachment styles (anxiety) and self-esteem, as well as between self-esteem, dimensions of attachment styles (comfort with proximity and trust in others) and a positive body image and IPV. Additionally, it was found that having a higher education level, less psychological violence, having na attatchment style characterized by comfort with proximity and a positive body image are the most important predictors of self-esteem in this sample. The results obtained show that Portuguese women, victims of IPV, need interventions that work on attachment styles and body image, improving their levels of self-esteem.
Intimate partner violence (IPV) has different consequences on victims, which affect their health, self-confidence and self-esteem. The aim of this study focuses on self-esteem in women who suffer intimate partner violence, analyzing the relationship between attachment styles, body image, the different types of violence and their impact on selfesteem in women who are victims of IPV. This is a methodological study based on a quantitative approach with o cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical design. The sample has 233 women, 104 victims and 129 non-victims, with data collected at the Núcleo de Investigação e de Apoio a Vítimas Específicas of Braga (NIAVE), through the application of the following instruments: Sociodemographic Questionnaire; The Revised Conflict Tactics Scales; Adult Attachment Scale; Body Appreciation Scale-2; and SelfEsteem Scale. It was found that women victims of IPV are more likely to feel anxiety, to not feel comfortable with proximity and not trust others, thus indicating an insecure attachment style (anxious or avoidant), with statistically significant differences. Victims also have lower scores regarding positive body image and self-esteem. There were statistically significant positive relationships between self-esteem and dimensions of attachment Styles (comfort with proximity and trust in others) and between self-esteem and a positive body image. Statistically negative relationships were also found between one of the dimensions of attachment styles (anxiety) and self-esteem, as well as between self-esteem, dimensions of attachment styles (comfort with proximity and trust in others) and a positive body image and IPV. Additionally, it was found that having a higher education level, less psychological violence, having na attatchment style characterized by comfort with proximity and a positive body image are the most important predictors of self-esteem in this sample. The results obtained show that Portuguese women, victims of IPV, need interventions that work on attachment styles and body image, improving their levels of self-esteem.
Description
Keywords
Violência pelo parceiro íntimo Autoestima Vinculação no adulto Imagem corporal Mulheres Intimate partner violence Self-esteem Adult attachment Body image Women