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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
O propósito do nosso trabalho visa analisar os temas do vazio e do sofrimento, dois
temas de suma importância na sociedade atual, sob o olhar de um dos maiores pensadores da
história da filosofia asiática Nāgārjuna. O caminho proposto passará pelo entendimento
aprofundado dos seus significados, recorrendo à mediação das duas verdades, a convencional,
ou relativa e a última, ou absoluta. Através destas, compreenderemos que os fenómenos não
possuem substância nem natureza intrínseca, mas o que os caracteriza é a sua essencial
vacuidade – um princípio que, consequentemente, contribui para a cessação do ciclo do
sofrimento. De seguida, estabeleceremos as articulações entre o vazio e o sofrimento
manifestadas na correta compreensão da natureza da realidade. Por fim, indagaremos a
aplicabilidade e utilidade destes ensinamentos budistas no contexto atual, marcado pela
omnipresente experiência do sofrimento humano, animal e ambiental à escala planetária e que
elimina do nosso quotidiano a partilha de determinados sentimentos, tais como o amor, a
fraternidade, a benevolência e a compaixão. A reflexão sobre estes dois temas de Nāgārjuna,
transversais à história da humanidade, põe em evidência a convergência de pensamento entre
religiões distintas, como o budismo e o cristianismo, ambas valorizando a experiência
espiritual, meta-racional e meta-concetual, convertida no profundo silêncio, como o verdadeiro
apaziguamento da mente.
The purpose of our work aims to analyze the themes of emptiness and suffering, two themes of paramount importance in today's society, under the gaze of one of the greatest thinkers in the history of Asian philosophy Nāgārjuna. The proposed path will pass through an in-depth understanding of its meanings, using the mediation of the two truths, the conventional, or relative and the last, or absolute. Through these, we will understand that phenomena have no intrinsic substance or nature, but what characterizes them is their essential voidness – a principle that consequently contributes to the cessation of the cycle of suffering. Next, we will establish the articulations between emptiness and suffering manifested in the correct understanding of the nature of reality. Finally, we will ask the applicability and usefulness of these Buddhist teachings in the current context, marked by the ubiquitous experience of human, animal and environmental suffering on a planetary scale and which eliminates from our daily lives the sharing of certain feelings, such as love, fraternity, benevolence and compassion. The reflection on these two themes of Nāgārjuna, transversal to the history of humanity, highlights the convergence of thought between distinct religions, such as Buddhism and Christianity, both valuing spiritual, meta-rational and meta-conceptual experience, converted into deep silence, as the true appeasement of the mind.
The purpose of our work aims to analyze the themes of emptiness and suffering, two themes of paramount importance in today's society, under the gaze of one of the greatest thinkers in the history of Asian philosophy Nāgārjuna. The proposed path will pass through an in-depth understanding of its meanings, using the mediation of the two truths, the conventional, or relative and the last, or absolute. Through these, we will understand that phenomena have no intrinsic substance or nature, but what characterizes them is their essential voidness – a principle that consequently contributes to the cessation of the cycle of suffering. Next, we will establish the articulations between emptiness and suffering manifested in the correct understanding of the nature of reality. Finally, we will ask the applicability and usefulness of these Buddhist teachings in the current context, marked by the ubiquitous experience of human, animal and environmental suffering on a planetary scale and which eliminates from our daily lives the sharing of certain feelings, such as love, fraternity, benevolence and compassion. The reflection on these two themes of Nāgārjuna, transversal to the history of humanity, highlights the convergence of thought between distinct religions, such as Buddhism and Christianity, both valuing spiritual, meta-rational and meta-conceptual experience, converted into deep silence, as the true appeasement of the mind.
Description
Keywords
Vazio Sofrimento Coprodução condicionada Verdade relativa Verdade última Nobre caminho óctuplo Pāramitās Void Suffering Conditioned co-production Relative truth Ultimate truth Noble path eightfold