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Apesar da presença da mulher no mercado de trabalho ter vindo a aumentar, as mulheres continuam a ter menor peso nos cargos executivos na maioria dos países da União Europeia. Efetivamente, as mulheres têm demonstrado interesse em atingir esses níveis hierárquicos, mas o papel que lhes é atribuído socialmente de cuidadoras da família e do lar, parece ter ainda grandes implicações na forma como gerem a sua vida profissional. Nesse sentido, o presente estudo tem como objetivo compreender de que forma a conciliação trabalho-família influencia o acesso das mulheres a cargos executivos. O presente trabalho consiste numa meta-análise qualitativa que identifica, interpreta e permite sintetizar resultados das investigações efetuadas sobre o tema nos últimos cinco anos. Esta meta-análise é constituída por uma amostra de 30 artigos, que foram analisados através da técnica de análise de conteúdo. Os resultados indicam que os papéis tradicionais de género continuam a ter uma presença importante na forma como as famílias organizam a sua vida profissional. Efetivamente, as mulheres continuam a ser as principais responsáveis pela vida familiar, resultando num menor tempo disponível para dedicar à sua vida profissional, dificultando assim o seu desempenho e influenciando os processos de seleção, reforçando as desigualdades de género em cargos executivos. Por outro lado, os resultados sugerem que a Gestão de Recursos Humanos tem um papel fundamental na implementação de práticas que promovam a prevenção das desigualdades de género no acesso à gestão de topo, resultantes da dificuldade das mulheres em conciliar a vida pessoal e profissional.
Although the presence of women in the labor market has been increasing, women continue to have less weight in executive positions in most European Union countries. Indeed, women have demonstrated an interest in reaching these hierarchical levels, but the role socially attributed to them as caregivers still seems to have major implications on the way they manage their professional lives. In this sense, the present study aims to understand how work-life balance influences women's access to executive positions. This study consists of a qualitative meta-analysis that identifies, interprets, and summarizes results of research carried out on the topic in the last five years. This meta-analysis consists of a sample of 30 articles, which were analyzed using the content analysis technique. The results indicate that traditional gender roles continue to have an important impact in the way families organize their professional lives. In fact, women continue to be primarily responsible for the home and family care, resulting in less time available to dedicate to their professional life, thus hindering their performance and influencing selection processes, reinforcing gender inequalities in executive positions. On the other hand, the results suggest that Human Resources Management has a fundamental role in implementing practices that promote the prevention of gender inequalities in access to top management, resulting from women's difficulty in reconciling their personal and professional lives.
Although the presence of women in the labor market has been increasing, women continue to have less weight in executive positions in most European Union countries. Indeed, women have demonstrated an interest in reaching these hierarchical levels, but the role socially attributed to them as caregivers still seems to have major implications on the way they manage their professional lives. In this sense, the present study aims to understand how work-life balance influences women's access to executive positions. This study consists of a qualitative meta-analysis that identifies, interprets, and summarizes results of research carried out on the topic in the last five years. This meta-analysis consists of a sample of 30 articles, which were analyzed using the content analysis technique. The results indicate that traditional gender roles continue to have an important impact in the way families organize their professional lives. In fact, women continue to be primarily responsible for the home and family care, resulting in less time available to dedicate to their professional life, thus hindering their performance and influencing selection processes, reinforcing gender inequalities in executive positions. On the other hand, the results suggest that Human Resources Management has a fundamental role in implementing practices that promote the prevention of gender inequalities in access to top management, resulting from women's difficulty in reconciling their personal and professional lives.
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Conciliação trabalho-família Desigualdades de género Cargos executivos Práticas de gestão de recursos humanos Work-life balance Gender inequalities Executive roles Human resource management practices