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Num mundo cada vez mais globalizado, a diplomacia tradicionalmente política teve que se adaptar, alargando as suas funções. As empresas cada vez mais procuram crescer através da internacionalização, promovendo a economia do país. Verificou-se a necessidade por parte dos estados de apoiar esta expansão, como oportunidade de crescimento da economia dos países e de defesa dos interesses nacionais na ação externa. Assim nasce o conceito da diplomacia económica, com novos atores, novas atividades e novos objetivos. A diplomacia económica tem duas vertentes principais: a promoção da imagem do país nos mercados externos, das exportações e do investimento direto estrangeiro e, por outro lado, fortalecer o comércio bilateral e multilateral, através de políticas externas económicas e comerciais. Foi neste sentido que, em Portugal, foi fundada a AICEP - Agência para o Investimento e Comércio Externo de Portugal - entidade principal na atividade da Diplomacia Económica portuguesa. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo facilitar um melhor entendimento sobre o conceito da diplomacia económica e do trabalho envolvente dos seus atores, dando ênfase à diplomacia económica nacional e à AICEP, entidade onde foi desenvolvido o estágio curricular final de mestrado, em Banguecoque. Assim, são colocadas duas questões: “Qual o papel das agências de investimento externo na internacionalização das empresas portuguesas?” e “Qual o papel que a delegação da AICEP Banguecoque tem desempenhado no processo de internacionalização das empresas nacionais no mercado tailandês?”. Para dar resposta a estas questões, neste trabalho foi realizado um caso de estudo da delegação da AICEP Banguecoque centrado nas atividades realizadas pela entidade, com o intuito de entender melhor a contribuição da delegação no relacionamento bilateral dos países. Este estudo é suportado pela recolha de dados descritivos e estatísticas, assim como por dados facultados pela própria delegação e também, por meio de observação ao longo da realização do estágio curricular. Os resultados permitiram concluir que, cada vez mais, os governos procuram as agências de investimento externo como um instrumento de apoio à competitividade das economias nacionais nos mercados externos. Estas agências são consideradas imprescindíveis na internacionalização de uma economia, uma vez que estão exclusivamente destinadas às atividades de diplomacia económica e trabalham unicamente no sentido de eliminar as barreiras à internacionalização. A AICEP Banguecoque, estando incluída neste tipo de agências, trabalha também neste sentido. Para dar resposta ao estudo do caso, foram algumas as dificuldades sentidas devido à escassa informação existente sobre o trabalho a ser desenvolvido. A delegação da AICEP é ainda um projeto embrionário, num mercado ainda a começar a ser explorado, o que dificultou a avaliação do desempenho da delegação. É inegável o facto de que o trabalho da delegação tem vindo a ser cada vez mais reconhecido e, com uma maior aposta neste sentido por parte do governo nacional, poderá trazer inúmeras oportunidades à internacionalização da economia portuguesa.
In an increasingly globalized world, a traditionally political diplomacy had to adapt, expanding its functions as companies increasingly grow through internationalization and promote the country's economy. National States need to support this expansion, as an opportunity for growth of the economy of countries and defense of national interests of external action. This is the origin of the concept of economic diplomacy, with new actors, new activities and new objectives. Economic diplomacy has two main aspects: promoting the country's image in foreign markets, exports and foreign direct investment and, on the other hand, strengthening bilateral and multilateral trade, through polices for external trade and economics. It is in this sense that, in Portugal, AICEP - Agency for Investment and Foreign Trade of Portugal - is the main entity within the Portuguese economic diplomacy. This work aims to facilitate a better understanding of the concept of economic diplomacy and the involving work of its actors, emphasizing the national economic diplomacy and AICEP, the entity where the final master's degree internship was developed, namely in the Bangkok delegation. Thus, two questions are asked: "What is the role of foreign investment agencies in the internationalization of Portuguese companies?" and “What role has the AICEP Bangkok delegation played in the internationalization process of national companies in the Thai market?”. To answer these questions, this work carried out a case study of the AICEP Bangkok delegation centered on the activities carried out by the entity, to better understand the contribution of the delegation in the countries' bilateral relationship. This study is supported by the collection of descriptive and statistical data, as well as data provided by the delegation itself and also through observation throughout the course internship. The results allowed us to conclude that, more and more, governments perceive foreign investment agencies as an instrument to support the competitiveness of national economies in foreign markets. These agencies are considered, therefore, indispensable in the internationalization of an economy, since they are exclusively destined to economic diplomacy and work to eliminate the barriers to internationalization. AICEP Bangkok, being included in this type of agencies, also works in this direction. To develop the case study, there were some difficulties felt, namely due to the scarce information on the work to be developed. It is an embryonic project, in a market yet to be explored, which made it difficult to assess the delegation's performance. Even so, the delegation's work has come to be recognized and, with a greater commitment in this regard by the national government, it may bring numerous opportunities for the internationalization of the Portuguese economy.
In an increasingly globalized world, a traditionally political diplomacy had to adapt, expanding its functions as companies increasingly grow through internationalization and promote the country's economy. National States need to support this expansion, as an opportunity for growth of the economy of countries and defense of national interests of external action. This is the origin of the concept of economic diplomacy, with new actors, new activities and new objectives. Economic diplomacy has two main aspects: promoting the country's image in foreign markets, exports and foreign direct investment and, on the other hand, strengthening bilateral and multilateral trade, through polices for external trade and economics. It is in this sense that, in Portugal, AICEP - Agency for Investment and Foreign Trade of Portugal - is the main entity within the Portuguese economic diplomacy. This work aims to facilitate a better understanding of the concept of economic diplomacy and the involving work of its actors, emphasizing the national economic diplomacy and AICEP, the entity where the final master's degree internship was developed, namely in the Bangkok delegation. Thus, two questions are asked: "What is the role of foreign investment agencies in the internationalization of Portuguese companies?" and “What role has the AICEP Bangkok delegation played in the internationalization process of national companies in the Thai market?”. To answer these questions, this work carried out a case study of the AICEP Bangkok delegation centered on the activities carried out by the entity, to better understand the contribution of the delegation in the countries' bilateral relationship. This study is supported by the collection of descriptive and statistical data, as well as data provided by the delegation itself and also through observation throughout the course internship. The results allowed us to conclude that, more and more, governments perceive foreign investment agencies as an instrument to support the competitiveness of national economies in foreign markets. These agencies are considered, therefore, indispensable in the internationalization of an economy, since they are exclusively destined to economic diplomacy and work to eliminate the barriers to internationalization. AICEP Bangkok, being included in this type of agencies, also works in this direction. To develop the case study, there were some difficulties felt, namely due to the scarce information on the work to be developed. It is an embryonic project, in a market yet to be explored, which made it difficult to assess the delegation's performance. Even so, the delegation's work has come to be recognized and, with a greater commitment in this regard by the national government, it may bring numerous opportunities for the internationalization of the Portuguese economy.
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Palavras-chave
Diplomacia económica Internacionalização Estudo de caso Diplomacia económica portuguesa Agência para o investimento e comércio externo de Portugal Economic diplomacy Internationalization Case of study Portuguese economic diplomacy Investment and foreign trade agency of Portugal