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“Tornar-me quem sou” : o olhar profissional sobre o autoconceito dos sobreviventes de tráfico de seres humanos
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Abstract(s)
O Tráfico de Seres Humanos (TSH) constitui um fenómeno emergente a nível mundial, com cada vez mais casos a serem reportados, em que se verificam severos atentados à dignidade e à vida das vítimas. As implicações das experiências vivenciadas em contexto de TSH são extensas, destacando-se o trauma prolongado, doenças e lesões, perturbação de stress póstraumático, perturbações de ansiedade, perturbações do sono, e incalculáveis danos à identidade. Esta temática, especificamente no que concerne ao autoconceito dos sobreviventes, carece de investigação, o que dificulta a intervenção neste sentido, e se torna um constrangimento à construção de iniciativas promotoras da saúde e do bem-estar com esta população-alvo. Como tal, o presente estudo tem como objetivos, através da perceção dos profissionais, descrever as implicações das experiências vivenciadas em contexto de exploração nas diversas esferas da vida dos sobreviventes, especialmente no que concerne ao seu autoconceito, bem como identificar barreiras e facilitadores à intervenção com os mesmos. Participaram no estudo 14 técnicos das Equipas Multidisciplinares Especializadas de Assistência a Vítimas de Tráfico de Seres Humanos, tendo sido realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas, posteriormente analisadas segundo os procedimentos de análise temática. Os resultados evidenciaram que a perceção dos técnicos acerca do autoconceito dos sobreviventes de TSH é negativa, com especial destaque para uma autoestima diminuída, um sentido de identidade fragmentado e distorcido face à realidade, sendo que o valor que os sobreviventes atribuem a si próprios é negativo, considerando-se merecedores do sofrimento de que foram vítimas, o que é exacerbado por sentimentos de autoculpabilização e vergonha face às experiências que vivenciaram. Com os contributos do estudo, pretendese desenvolver um programa de promoção do autoconceito culturalmente sensível e adaptado às necessidades dos sobreviventes de TSH.
Human Trafficking (HT) constitutes an emerging global phenomenon, with an increasing number of reported cases where severe violations of victims' dignity and lives are evident. The implications of the experiences endured in the context of HT are extensive, including prolonged trauma, diseases and injuries, post-traumatic stress disorder, anxiety disorders, sleep disturbances, and incalculable damage to one's identity. This subject, particularly regarding the self-concept of survivors, is under-researched, making intervention efforts challenging and posing a constraint to developing health and wellbeing initiatives tailored to this target population. Consequently, this study aims to describe the implications of experiences of exploitation across different spheres of the survivors' lives, with a special focus on their self-concept, through the perceptions of professionals, and to identify barriers and facilitators to effective intervention. Fourteen professionals from specialized multidisciplinary teams assisting victims of HT participated in the study, with semistructured interviews conducted and subsequently analyzed using thematic analysis procedures. The results revealed that professionals perceive survivors' self-concept negatively, emphasizing diminished self-esteem, a fragmented and distorted sense of identity compared to reality, and a self-worth marked by negativity. Survivors often see themselves as deserving of the suffering they endured, feelings exacerbated by self-blame and shame related to their experiences. The study's findings aim to contribute to the development of a culturally sensitive self-concept promotion program tailored to the needs of HT survivors.
Human Trafficking (HT) constitutes an emerging global phenomenon, with an increasing number of reported cases where severe violations of victims' dignity and lives are evident. The implications of the experiences endured in the context of HT are extensive, including prolonged trauma, diseases and injuries, post-traumatic stress disorder, anxiety disorders, sleep disturbances, and incalculable damage to one's identity. This subject, particularly regarding the self-concept of survivors, is under-researched, making intervention efforts challenging and posing a constraint to developing health and wellbeing initiatives tailored to this target population. Consequently, this study aims to describe the implications of experiences of exploitation across different spheres of the survivors' lives, with a special focus on their self-concept, through the perceptions of professionals, and to identify barriers and facilitators to effective intervention. Fourteen professionals from specialized multidisciplinary teams assisting victims of HT participated in the study, with semistructured interviews conducted and subsequently analyzed using thematic analysis procedures. The results revealed that professionals perceive survivors' self-concept negatively, emphasizing diminished self-esteem, a fragmented and distorted sense of identity compared to reality, and a self-worth marked by negativity. Survivors often see themselves as deserving of the suffering they endured, feelings exacerbated by self-blame and shame related to their experiences. The study's findings aim to contribute to the development of a culturally sensitive self-concept promotion program tailored to the needs of HT survivors.
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Keywords
Autoconceito Autoestima Valor próprio Sentido de identidade Sobreviventes de tráfico de seres humanos Vivências traumáticas Self-concept Self-esteem Self-value Sense of identity Human trafficking survivors Traumatic experiences
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