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Extensão da convenção de arbitragem a grupos societários
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Reconhecendo a relevância da arbitragem voluntária entre sociedades e nas transações comerciais é frequente que as partes que recorrem à arbitragem sejam sociedades com uma ampla rede de filiais e subsidiárias. Perante este contexto, urge perceber se é possível a extensão da convenção de arbitragem a um não-signatário do mesmo grupo nos casos em que existe um recurso abusivo à personalidade jurídica societária, ou quando uma determinada sociedade interveio de forma significativa na execução do contrato dele retirando benefícios significativos. Assim, partindo da natureza contratual da convenção de arbitragem e dos seus requisitos formais, a presente dissertação tem como objetivo alcançar um equilíbrio entre a fonte contratual e a relatividade da jurisdição arbitral com as necessidades práticas da extensão da convenção de arbitragem a grupos de sociedades. Para o efeito, percorremos os vários enquadramentos jurídicos dados a esta questão – quer a nível internacional, quer a nível nacional – através da análise de doutrina e jurisprudência. Feita esta análise, chegamos à conclusão de que a extensão da convenção de arbitragem a grupos societários é possível, devendo a natureza contratual e os requisitos formais da convenção de arbitragem ser interpretados de forma maleável de modo que o recurso à arbitragem seja uma realidade cada vez mais ajustada às exigências da vida económica das sociedades e necessidades práticas.
Recognizing the importance of voluntary arbitration between companies and in commercial transactions, it is often the case that the parties resorting to arbitration are companies with a wide network of branches and subsidiaries. Given this context, it is urgent to understand whether it is possible to extend the arbitration agreement to a non-signatory of the same group in cases where there is an abusive use of the corporate legal personality or when a particular company has intervened significantly in the performance of the contract, deriving significant benefits from it. Thus, starting from the contractual nature of the arbitration agreement and its formal requirements, this dissertation aims to strike a balance between the contractual source and the relativity of arbitral jurisdiction with the practical needs of extending the arbitration agreement to groups of companies. To this end, we look at the various legal frameworks given to this issue - both internationally and nationally - by analyzing doctrine and case law. After this analysis, we came to the conclusion that the extension of the arbitration agreement to corporate groups is possible, but that the contractual nature and formal requirements of the arbitration agreement should be interpreted in a malleable way so that recourse to arbitration is a reality that is increasingly adjusted to the demands of the economic life of companies and practical needs.
Recognizing the importance of voluntary arbitration between companies and in commercial transactions, it is often the case that the parties resorting to arbitration are companies with a wide network of branches and subsidiaries. Given this context, it is urgent to understand whether it is possible to extend the arbitration agreement to a non-signatory of the same group in cases where there is an abusive use of the corporate legal personality or when a particular company has intervened significantly in the performance of the contract, deriving significant benefits from it. Thus, starting from the contractual nature of the arbitration agreement and its formal requirements, this dissertation aims to strike a balance between the contractual source and the relativity of arbitral jurisdiction with the practical needs of extending the arbitration agreement to groups of companies. To this end, we look at the various legal frameworks given to this issue - both internationally and nationally - by analyzing doctrine and case law. After this analysis, we came to the conclusion that the extension of the arbitration agreement to corporate groups is possible, but that the contractual nature and formal requirements of the arbitration agreement should be interpreted in a malleable way so that recourse to arbitration is a reality that is increasingly adjusted to the demands of the economic life of companies and practical needs.
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Arbitragem voluntária Arbitragens complexas Extensão da convenção de arbitragem Grupos societários Teoria do grupo de sociedades Alter-ego Veil the piercing theory Estoppel Voluntary arbitration Complex arbitration Extension of the arbitration agreement Corporate groups Corporate group theory
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Without CC licence