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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Um pouco por todo o mundo, o Populismo tem-se tornado um dos temas mais
abordados na análise da comunicação política. Até 2019, Portugal foi classificado como “um
caso excecional”, sem dados que comprovassem a presença desse tipo de discurso na política
nacional. No entanto, a eleição de André Ventura para o Parlamento nesse ano veio
transformar a retórica política e, consequentemente, a forma como os meios de comunicação
olham para os eventos políticos.
Sendo a mediatização do discurso de Ventura o tema central desta investigação, a
componente teórica debruça-se sobre (1) as várias definições do conceito de Populismo e as
diversas estratégias de comunicação a ele associadas, partindo para (2) a temática da
comunicação política e as várias formas de mediatização, em especial aquelas que se aplicam
aos assuntos políticos, incluindo no digital.
Para poder compreender a evolução da mediatização de André Ventura e do seu
discurso populista, a presente investigação recorre ao método quantitativo de análise de
conteúdo, que serviu de base à análise de todas as peças jornalísticas recolhidas publicadas
por seis jornais e revistas durante duas campanhas eleitorais distintas: as Legislativas de
2019 e as Presidenciais de 2021.
Assim, reparamos que existe uma evolução da sua representação mediática entre
eleições, sobretudo devido ao aumento significativo das notícias relacionadas com o
deputado, bem como a quantidade de textos que o colocam como tema principal da notícia.
Esta evolução pode ser justificada pela mudança no discurso do candidato que, numa
primeira fase não apresentava um nível de populismo tão elevado – como aconteceu nas
Legislativas de 2019, onde obteve menos atenção por parte dos media – e, num período mais
avançado do seu percurso – entenda-se, a sua candidatura à Presidência da República, em
2021 –, em que passou a colocar a retórica populista no centro das suas ações de campanha.
All over the world, Populism has become one of the most discussed topics in the analysis of political communication. Until 2019, Portugal was classified as “an exceptional case”, with no evidence of the presence of this type of discourse in national politics. However, André Ventura’s election to Parliament that year transformed political rhetoric and, consequently, the way the media looked at political events. With mediatization of Ventura’s discourse as the central theme of this investigation, the theoretical chapters focus on (1) the various definitions of the concept “Populism” and the various communication strategies associated with it, and (2) the theme of political communication and the various forms of media coverage, especially those that apply to political matters, including the digital one. To understand the evolution of André Ventura’s media coverage and his populist discourse, the present investigation uses the quantitative method of content analysis, which was used to analyse all journalistic pieces published by six portuguese newspapers and magazines during two electoral campaigns: the 2019 Legislative election and the 2021 Presidential election. Therefore, we notice that there is an evolution of his media coverage between elections, mainly due to the significant increase in news related to the Member of Parliament, as well as the amount of texts that place him as the main topic of the news. This evolution can be justified by the change in the candidate’s speech that, in a first phase did not present such a high level of populism - as was the case in the 2019 Legislative Elections, when he obtained less media coverage - and, in a more advanced period of his career - in his candidacy for the Presidency of the Republic, in 2021 -, in which he started to place a populist rhetoric at the centre of his campaign actions.
All over the world, Populism has become one of the most discussed topics in the analysis of political communication. Until 2019, Portugal was classified as “an exceptional case”, with no evidence of the presence of this type of discourse in national politics. However, André Ventura’s election to Parliament that year transformed political rhetoric and, consequently, the way the media looked at political events. With mediatization of Ventura’s discourse as the central theme of this investigation, the theoretical chapters focus on (1) the various definitions of the concept “Populism” and the various communication strategies associated with it, and (2) the theme of political communication and the various forms of media coverage, especially those that apply to political matters, including the digital one. To understand the evolution of André Ventura’s media coverage and his populist discourse, the present investigation uses the quantitative method of content analysis, which was used to analyse all journalistic pieces published by six portuguese newspapers and magazines during two electoral campaigns: the 2019 Legislative election and the 2021 Presidential election. Therefore, we notice that there is an evolution of his media coverage between elections, mainly due to the significant increase in news related to the Member of Parliament, as well as the amount of texts that place him as the main topic of the news. This evolution can be justified by the change in the candidate’s speech that, in a first phase did not present such a high level of populism - as was the case in the 2019 Legislative Elections, when he obtained less media coverage - and, in a more advanced period of his career - in his candidacy for the Presidency of the Republic, in 2021 -, in which he started to place a populist rhetoric at the centre of his campaign actions.
Description
Keywords
Populismo Mediatização Campanha eleitoral Discurso André Ventura Populism Media coverage Electoral campaign Discourse