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Dada a simplicidade da redação do artigo 1207.º do Código Civil Português, é extremamente difícil ao intérprete compreender se a letra da lei estabelece um conceito de obra, no contrato de empreitada, amplo ou restrito, isto é, se se restringe a uma ideia de obra iminentemente material ou se se alarga às obras imateriais, nomeadamente intelectuais. Tendo em conta a instabilidade doutrinal e jurisprudencial existente em torno do conceito de obra, foi realizado este estudo em busca de algumas conclusões sobre o tema. Para tal, procedeu- se a uma análise que incidiu sobre a evolução histórica, trabalhos preparatórios do Código Civil de 1966, direito comparado, doutrina e jurisprudência. Foram especialmente tidos em consideração os acórdãos do Supremo Tribunal de Justiça de 3 de novembro de 1983 (RTP vs. FILMFORM) e de 2 de fevereiro de 1988 (António Pinheiro vs. Mário Andrade), bem como os pareceres tecidos pelo Professor Antunes Varela e pelos Professores Ferrer Correia e Henrique Mesquita. A final concluiu-se que a tendência em Portugal passa pela adoção de um conceito restrito de obra, embora, nos últimos tempos, se tenha assistido a um alargamento de horizontes, nomeadamente, a uma adesão à tese ampla ou até amplíssima nos Tribunais Portugueses.
Given the simplicity of the wording of article 1207 of the Portuguese Civil Code, it is extremely difficult to understand whether the letter of the Law establishes a concept of work, in the works contract, in a restricted or wide sense, i.e. if it is restricted to an idea of an imminently material work or if it extends to immaterial works, namely intellectual ones. Due to this doctrinal and case-law instability revolving around the concept of work, this dissertation was carried out with the aim of drawing conclusions about this topic. In order to do so, an analysis was conducted, which concerns the topic’s historical evolution, the 1966 Civil Code preparatory works, comparative law, doctrine and case-law. Special attention was paid to the Supreme Court of Justice rulings of 3 November 1983 (RTP vs. FILMFORM in Boletim do Ministério da Justiça, n.º 331, pp. 489 and ss.) and 2 February 1988 (António Pinheiro vs. Mário Andrade), as well as the legal opinions by Professor Antunes Varela and by Professors Ferrer Correia and Henrique Mesquita. The analysis allowed for the conclusion that the tendency, in Portugal, requires an adoption of a restrictive concept of work, even though, in recent times, we have been witnessing a broadening of horizons, namely, an adhesion to a broad or very broad vision by Portuguese Courts.
Given the simplicity of the wording of article 1207 of the Portuguese Civil Code, it is extremely difficult to understand whether the letter of the Law establishes a concept of work, in the works contract, in a restricted or wide sense, i.e. if it is restricted to an idea of an imminently material work or if it extends to immaterial works, namely intellectual ones. Due to this doctrinal and case-law instability revolving around the concept of work, this dissertation was carried out with the aim of drawing conclusions about this topic. In order to do so, an analysis was conducted, which concerns the topic’s historical evolution, the 1966 Civil Code preparatory works, comparative law, doctrine and case-law. Special attention was paid to the Supreme Court of Justice rulings of 3 November 1983 (RTP vs. FILMFORM in Boletim do Ministério da Justiça, n.º 331, pp. 489 and ss.) and 2 February 1988 (António Pinheiro vs. Mário Andrade), as well as the legal opinions by Professor Antunes Varela and by Professors Ferrer Correia and Henrique Mesquita. The analysis allowed for the conclusion that the tendency, in Portugal, requires an adoption of a restrictive concept of work, even though, in recent times, we have been witnessing a broadening of horizons, namely, an adhesion to a broad or very broad vision by Portuguese Courts.
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Keywords
Empreitada Obra Conceito restrito Conceito amplo Direito das obrigações Contract work Work Restricted concept Broad concept Law of obligations