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Abstract(s)
O presente estudo investiga a associação existente entre os estereótipos de género
e a decisão vocacional em alunos do 12.ºano de escolaridade, dos cursos científicohumanísticos.
Paralelamente, pretende-se estudar as mudanças, relativamente aos estereótipos
de género e à decisão vocacional, em função das seguintes variáveis sociodemográficas:
sexo, participação em programas de orientação vocacional, habilitações literárias dos
pais e profissão dos pais.
Desta forma, para proceder à recolha dos dados, utilizou-se o Bem Sex-Role
Inventory- I.O.P.S. (Bem, 1981 adaptado por Saavedra, 1997), para avaliar os
estereótipos de género, a escala de decisão vocacional Career Decision Scale (Osipow,
Carney, Winer, Yanico & Kochier, 1979 adaptada por Taveira, 1997) e o questionário
sociodemográfico construído para o efeito.
Deste modo, a amostra do estudo é constituída por 163 participantes, 90 raparigas
e 73 rapazes com idades entre os 17 e os 20 anos. Os dados foram recolhidos num
agrupamento de escolas pertencente ao concelho de Vila Nova de Famalicão.
Neste sentido, analisando os resultados obtidos, foi possível comprovar a
existência de uma correlação positiva, estatisticamente significativa entre os
estereótipos de género e a decisão vocacional.
No que respeita aos estereótipos de género, verifica-se que existem diferenças
estatisticamente significativas ao nível da participação em programas de orientação
vocacional, como também ao nível das profissões dos pais. No entanto, não foram
encontradas diferenças relativamente ao sexo e às habilitações literárias dos pais.
Relativamente à decisão vocacional, não foram encontradas diferenças
estatisticamente significativas em relação ao sexo, à participação em programas de
orientação vocacional e à profissão dos pais. Por outro lado, observa-se diferenças ao
nível das habilitações literárias dos pais.
Face aos resultados obtidos, deve-se incluir, ao nível da orientação vocacional
atividades que promovam a igualdade de oportunidades entre rapazes e raparigas,
principalmente no que concerne às profissões, contribuindo, assim para a diminuição de
crenças estereotipadas em relação ao género. Para que no futuro, o preconceito que
existe em torno do género possa desaparecer.
This study is an investigation into the association that exists between gender stereotypes and the vocational choices made by students of science and humanities in school year 12. Changes relative to gender stereotypes and vocational choices will also be studied in terms of the following sociodemographic variables: sex, participation in vocational guidance programmes, academic qualifications of parents and parental professions. Data was collected by means of the Bem Sex-Role Inventory- I.O.P.S. (Bem, 1981 adapted by Saavedra, 1997), to evaluate gender stereotypes, the Career Decision Scale (Osipow, Carney, Winer, Yanico & Kochier, 1979 adapted by Taveira, 1997) and the sociodemographic questionnaire created for this purpose. The study sample consists of 163 participants, 90 girls and 73 boys, with an age range of 17 to 20. Data was collected from a school division in the municipality of Vila Nova de Famalicão. Analysis of the results obtained allowed us to demonstrate the existence of a statistically significant positive correlation between gender stereotypes and vocational choices. With respect to gender stereotypes, statistically significant differences were found to exist in relation to level of participation in vocational guidance programmes, as well as in relation to parental profession. No differences were found however relative to sex and the academic qualifications of parents. When it comes to choice of vocation, no statistically significant differences were found with regards to sex, participation in vocational guidance programmes or parental profession. Differences were observed however in relation to the academic qualifications of parents. The results of this study show that programmes of vocational guidance need to include activities that promote equality of opportunity between boys and girls, especially when dealing with the professions, thereby contributing to a decrease in stereotypical beliefs in relation to gender, so that in future the prejudice that exists around gender may disappear.
This study is an investigation into the association that exists between gender stereotypes and the vocational choices made by students of science and humanities in school year 12. Changes relative to gender stereotypes and vocational choices will also be studied in terms of the following sociodemographic variables: sex, participation in vocational guidance programmes, academic qualifications of parents and parental professions. Data was collected by means of the Bem Sex-Role Inventory- I.O.P.S. (Bem, 1981 adapted by Saavedra, 1997), to evaluate gender stereotypes, the Career Decision Scale (Osipow, Carney, Winer, Yanico & Kochier, 1979 adapted by Taveira, 1997) and the sociodemographic questionnaire created for this purpose. The study sample consists of 163 participants, 90 girls and 73 boys, with an age range of 17 to 20. Data was collected from a school division in the municipality of Vila Nova de Famalicão. Analysis of the results obtained allowed us to demonstrate the existence of a statistically significant positive correlation between gender stereotypes and vocational choices. With respect to gender stereotypes, statistically significant differences were found to exist in relation to level of participation in vocational guidance programmes, as well as in relation to parental profession. No differences were found however relative to sex and the academic qualifications of parents. When it comes to choice of vocation, no statistically significant differences were found with regards to sex, participation in vocational guidance programmes or parental profession. Differences were observed however in relation to the academic qualifications of parents. The results of this study show that programmes of vocational guidance need to include activities that promote equality of opportunity between boys and girls, especially when dealing with the professions, thereby contributing to a decrease in stereotypical beliefs in relation to gender, so that in future the prejudice that exists around gender may disappear.
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Keywords
Género Estereótipos de género Decisão vocacional 12º ano Gender Gender stereotypes Vocational choice Year 12