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Abstract(s)
As miniaturas sobre marfim são obras sobre o qual a conservação e restauro não se tem debruçado aprofundadamente e que ainda constam poucos trabalhos publicados sobre os métodos e materiais mais adequados para o seu tratamento e preservação. Esta dissertação teve como base de trabalho dois retratos miniatura pertencentes ao Museu Nacional de Soares dos Reis (MNSR), com datação atribuída ao início do século XIX. Estas miniaturas apresentavam degradação ao nível do suporte, com fraturas e empenamento, e dissolução da camada cromática. Como via de colmatar as patologias apresentadas e considerando a escassa bibliografia a seu respeito, foi necessária a realização de ensaios. Com o objetivo de ensaiar metodologias e materiais para o tratamento de fraturas, de preenchimento de lacunas do suporte e de reintegração cromática, foram realizados testes com diversos adesivos, cargas, massas e tintas à base de goma arábica. A seleção dos materiais assentou no levantamento bibliográfico sobre as caraterísticas dos mesmos, tendo-se avaliado a resistência à rotura, o brilho, o aspeto e a reversibilidade. Os testes passaram pela preparação de provetes em marfim sintético – Elforyn® Super Tusk. Conclui-se que, apesar dos bons resultados obtidos nos ensaios de adesivos aquosos, os não aquosos são mais indicados para a união de fraturas de suporte, respeitando as características físicas e químicas do marfim. Por último, também se propôs um sistema de acondicionamento apropriado para estas peças, baseado na coleção de miniaturas do MNSR.
The conservation and restoration of miniature paintings on ivory have not been thoroughly examined and only a limited number of publications have been published about the most appropriate techniques and materials for their treatment and preservation. This dissertation was based on two miniature portraits belonging to the Museu Nacional Soares dos Reis (MNSR), dating from the 19th century. These miniatures showed degradation at the support with fractures and warping, and dissolution of the paint layers. In order to overcome the pathologies presented, and in light of the limited literature about them, it was imperative to conduct tests. For the purpose of testing methodologies and materials for treating fractures, filling gaps in the support and chromatic reintegration, tests were carried out with various adhesives, fillers and paints based on gum arabic. The selection of materials was based on a bibliographical survey of their characteristics, having evaluated their resistance to rupture, brightness, appearance and reversibility. The tests involved the preparation of mock-up samples of synthetic ivory – Elforyn® Super Tusk. It is concluded that, despite the positive results obtained in testing aqueous adhesives, non-aqueous adhesives are more suitable for bonding support fractures, respecting the physical and chemical characteristics of the ivory. Ultimately, a suitable packaging system was also suggested for these items, based on the MNSR miniatures collection.
The conservation and restoration of miniature paintings on ivory have not been thoroughly examined and only a limited number of publications have been published about the most appropriate techniques and materials for their treatment and preservation. This dissertation was based on two miniature portraits belonging to the Museu Nacional Soares dos Reis (MNSR), dating from the 19th century. These miniatures showed degradation at the support with fractures and warping, and dissolution of the paint layers. In order to overcome the pathologies presented, and in light of the limited literature about them, it was imperative to conduct tests. For the purpose of testing methodologies and materials for treating fractures, filling gaps in the support and chromatic reintegration, tests were carried out with various adhesives, fillers and paints based on gum arabic. The selection of materials was based on a bibliographical survey of their characteristics, having evaluated their resistance to rupture, brightness, appearance and reversibility. The tests involved the preparation of mock-up samples of synthetic ivory – Elforyn® Super Tusk. It is concluded that, despite the positive results obtained in testing aqueous adhesives, non-aqueous adhesives are more suitable for bonding support fractures, respecting the physical and chemical characteristics of the ivory. Ultimately, a suitable packaging system was also suggested for these items, based on the MNSR miniatures collection.
Description
Keywords
Miniaturas sobre marfim Marfim Conservação e restauro Portrait miniatures on ivory Conservation and restoration Ivory